Contents of Volume 4

Contributors v

Preface vii

Contents of Volume 1 xv

Contents of Volume 2 xix

Contents of Volume 3 xxiii

Abbreviations xxix

1 IntroductionAnthony H. Rose and J. Stuart Harrison 1

References 6

2 Yeast Cytology: An OverviewC. F. Robinow and B. F. Johnson 7

I. Introduction 8

II. The cell wall 9

III. The nucleus 52

IV. The cytoplasm 87

V. The Golgi body 91

VI. The vacuole 91

VII. The plasmalemma 93

VIII. Mitochondria 98

IX. Peroxisomes (microbodies) 101

X. Acknowledgements 103

XI. Addendum 104

References 110

Note added in proof 120

3 Separation of Yeast OrganellesD. Lloyd and T. G. Cartledge 121

I. History 121

II. Methods of disruption 122

III. Subcellular distribution of enzymes 124

IV. Marker enzymes 126

V. Analytical subcellular fractionation, subcellular enzyme distributions and separation of organelles 127

VI. Prospects 166

References 167

4 CapsulesW. I. Golubev 175

I. Introduction 175

II. Morphology and fine structure 176

III. Culture conditions promoting capsule formation 182

IV. Decapsulation and chemical composition 185

V. Functions 189

VI. Conclusion 194

VII. Acknowledgements 195

References 195

5 Cell wallsG. H. Fleet 199

I. Introduction 200

II. Cell wall function 201

III. Preparation of cell walls and separation of components 202

IV. Composition, structure and function of wall components 206

V. Macromolecular organization of the wall 236

VI. Factors affecting cell-wall composition and structure 238

VII. Degradation of yeast walls by enzymes 245

VIII. Cell-wall biosynthesis 257

IX. Acknowledgements 264

References 264

6 Periplasmic SpaceW. N. Arnold 279

I. Introduction 279

II. Background 280

III. Plasmolysis in yeast 280

IV. Osmotic shock 282

V. Periplasmic-space enzymes 282

VI. Protein concentration in the periplasmic space 291

VII. Periplasmic bodies 292

VIII. Concluding remarks 292

IX. Acknowledgements 293

References 293

7 Plasma MembranesP. A. Henschke and A. H. Rose 297

I. Introduction 297

II. What is the plasma membrane? 298

III. Isolation procedures 298

IV. Characterization criteria 307

V. Composition 312

VI. Molecular anatomy 324

VII. Relationships between lipid composition and plasma-membrane function 330

VIII. Acknowledgements 339

References 340

8 Vacuoles, Internal Membranous Systems and VesiclesJ. Schwencke 347

I. Introduction 348

II. The vacuolar compartment 350

III. Vacuolar proteinases and their role in some intracellular processes 371

IV. Chitosomes 390

V. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, vacuole, vesicles and endosomes: their interrelation and their role in exocytosis and endocytosis 397

VI. Acknowledgements 420

References 420

Note added in proof 755

9 Nucleus: Chromosomes and PlasmidsD. H. Williamson 433

I. Introduction 433

II. A thumbnail sketch 434

III. Mendelian chromosomes 437

IV. Plasmids and transformation 456

V. Morphology of the working nucleus 464

References 482

10 RibosomesJ. C. Lee 489

I. Introduction 489

II. Components of the yeast ribosome 490

III. Topography of yeast ribosomal components 516

IV. Functional sites of ribosomal subunits 529

V. Acknowledgements 534

References 534

Addendum 540

11 MitochondriaB. Guérin 541

I. Introduction 541

II. Ultrastructure 543

III. Isolation of mitochondria and mitochondrial membranes 545

IV. Lipids 548

V. Mitochondrial compartments 550

VI. Oxidative phosphorylation 557

VII. Different complexes in oxidative phosphorylation 566

VIII. Cyanide-insensitive alternative respiratory pathways 581

IX. Permeability properties of the inner membrane and transport systems 582

X. Concluding remarks 589

References 589

12 MicrobodiesM. Veenhuis and W. Harder 601

I. Introduction 601

II. General properties of yeast microbodies 604

III. Biogenesis of microbodies during vegetative reproduction of cells 606

IV. Substructure, volume fraction and composition of yeast microbodies in relation to environmental conditions 621

V. Biogenesis of microbodies during generative reproduction 633

VI. Selective inactivation of peroxisomal enzymes and degradation of peroxisomes 636

VII. Concluding remarks 649

VIII. Acknowledgements 649

References 650

13 Storage CarbohydratesA. D. Panek 655

I. Introduction 655

II. α,α-Trehalose 657

III. Glycogen 663

IV. Function of storage carbohydrates 669

V. Acknowledgements 675

References 675

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