Clinical Psychology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Clinical Psychology 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 8
Preface 10
Chapter 1: Professional Psychology Education and Training: Models, Sequence, and Current Issues 12
Historical Overview 13
Models of Training 13
Movement toward Competencies 18
Sequence of Training 21
Summary 34
Glossary 35
References 37
Chapter 2: Ethics in Assessment, Treatment, and Research 42
Introductory Statement 42
Our Codes of Ethics 43
Competence 45
Informed Consent 46
Privacy, Confidentiality, and Privilege 46
Multiple Relationships 49
Vulnerable Populations 50
Record Keeping and Access to Records 51
Advertising 55
Cross-Cultural Issues 55
Psychological Testing 56
Assessments Requested by a Third Party 56
Ethics in Research 57
Ethics Committee and Disciplinary Hearings 58
Summary 59
Glossary 60
References 60
Chapter 3: Assessment of Intelligence, Achievement, and Adaptive Behavior 62
Introduction: Definitions and Distinctions 62
Historical Landmarks in Ability-Related Assessment 64
Contemporary Measures of Intelligence 67
Test Bias and Test Fairness 71
The Challenge of the Flynn Effect 72
Adaptive Behavior Measures and Mental Retardation 73
Achievement Measures and Learning Disabilities 75
Summary 77
Glossary 78
References 79
Chapter 4: Psychological Diagnosis 82
Psychological Diagnosis 82
Construction of the Diagnostic System 83
Definition of Mental Disorder 86
Diagnostic Threshold 89
Categorical versus Dimensional Models of Classification 91
Value Judgments 93
Psychological Tests 94
Summary 97
Glossary 97
References 98
Chapter 5: Assessment of Personality 102
Personality Assessment 102
Why Assess Personality? 104
Major Personality Assessment Methods 105
Maximizing the Validity and Utility of Assessment 112
Integrating Personality Test Data 114
Current Controversies in Personality Assessment 117
Advanced Training Options 118
Summary 119
Glossary 120
References 121
Chapter 6: Behavioral Assessment and Functional Analysis 124
Introduction 125
Methods and Strategies of Behavioral Assessment 127
Use of Multiple Methods, Multiple Informants, and Valid Measures 134
Principles of Behavioral Assessment 135
Functional Analysis: A Clinical and Research Application of Behavioral Assessment 142
Recommendations for Assessment 149
Glossary 150
References 150
Chapter 7: Clinical and Forensic Neuropsychology Assessment 154
Introduction 155
Structure and Function of the Central Nervous System 156
Neuropsychological Assessment 166
Pediatric Neuropsychology 172
Adult Neuropsychology 175
Forensic Neuropsychology 179
Summary 184
Glossary 184
References 185
Chapter 8: Psychodynamic and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 192
What Is Psychodynamic and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy? 193
Development of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy 194
Components of Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy 200
Variants of Classical or Freudian Psychoanalysis 203
Research on Psychodynamic Psychotherapy 205
Meta-analysis of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Personality Disorders 212
Common Misconceptions Regarding Psychodynamic and Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 214
Glossary 219
References 220
Chapter 9: Interpersonal Psychotherapy 226
Introduction to Interpersonal Psychotherapy 226
Key Concepts and Ideas 235
Training 252
Glossary 253
References 254
Chapter 10: Behavior Therapy and Behavior Analysis: Overview and Third-Generation Perspectives 260
Overview 261
First- and Second-Generation Behavior Therapy 263
Shared Assumptions and Values of First- and Second-Generation Behavior Therapy 269
Third-Generation (or "Third-Wave") Behavior Therapy 274
Summary and Conclusions 287
Glossary 288
References 288
Chapter 11: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Breadth, Range, and Diversity 292
The Cognitive Revolution: An Introduction 293
Philosophical Underpinnings of CBT 295
The Development of Contemporary Cognitive Therapy 297
Influential CBT Therapies 302
Summary 311
Glossary 312
References 314
Chapter 12: Existential and Humanistic Psychotherapies 320
Existential Psychotherapy 321
Humanistic Psychotherapy 329
Glossary 337
References 338
Chapter 13: Child, Family, and Couples Therapy 340
Introduction: What's Unique about Child, Family, and Couples Work? 342
Working with Children 343
Working with Families 347
Working with Couples 350
Glossary 357
References 359
Chapter 14: Clinical Health Psychology 362
Clinical Health Psychology 362
Behavioral Medicine and Psychosomatic Medicine 366
Importance of Health Psychology 366
Representative Areas of Practice 368
Biopsychosocial Assessment 369
Depression 373
Health Behaviors 373
Medical Adherence 375
Stress 376
Pain Management 377
Health Anxiety 378
Clinical Practice Challenges 379
Future Directions in Clinical Health Psychology 380
Training to Be a Clinical Health Psychologist 381
Summary 385
Glossary 385
References 386
Chapter 15: Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy 390
Why Pharmacotherapy Is Important in Clinical Psychology 390
Major Classes of Psychotropic Medications 391
Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy and Combination Treatments 394
Clinical Issues Associated with Combined Treatments 400
Prescriptive Authority for Psychologists 404
Summary 407
Glossary 408
References 408
Chapter 16: Empirically Supported Treatments and Comparative Psychotherapy Outcome Research 412
Introduction 413
The Definition and Identification of Empirically Validated Treatments 414
Critiquing the Definition and Identification of Empirically Supported Treatments 415
Empirically Supported Relationships 419
Principles of Change That Work: An Integrative Approach 421
Empirically Supported Treatments and Evidence-Based Practice at Work: The Example of Treating Victims of Mass Disaster and Terrorism 423
Summary 430
Glossary 431
References 432
Chapter 17: Program Evaluation and Clinical Psychology 436
The Necessity of Meaningful Evaluation 438
Models for Understanding Program Evaluation 439
An Applied Framework for Program Evaluation: Principles, Issues, and Practice 443
Program Evaluation and Quasi-experimental Designs 453
Program Evaluation and the Clinical Psychologist 454
Summary 456
Glossary 457
References 458
Chapter 18: Diversity Issues in Clinical Psychology 460
Introduction 460
Diversity Issues in Training 463
Diversity Issues in Therapy 464
Diversity Issues in Research 471
Summary 478
Glossary 480
References 480
Chapter 19: Clinical Psychology Practice 488
Licensure 489
The Practice Landscape 490
Independent Practice 494
Other Settings, Roles, and Functions 498
Income Potential 498
The Future of Practice 499
Summary 502
Glossary 502
References 503
Chapter 20: Dissemination of Research Findings 506
Why Would a Clinician Consider Using an EST? 507
Criticism of the EST Movement 508
Do ESTs Work Outside of Research Facilities? 508
Are ESTs Used Outside of Research Facilities? 510
Obstacles to Dissemination 513
Solutions for Dissemination 517
Summary 526
Glossary 527
References 527
Chapter 21: The Future of the Profession 536
Introduction 536
Prescription Privileges 537
Psychologists' Participation in Interrogation and Torture 544
Evidence-Based Practice 546
Giving Psychology Away 551
Psychopathologizing Natural Behavior 554
Spirituality in Human Functioning 555
Summary 556
Glossary 558
References 559
Index 566