Ideals and Ideologies

*selections new to this edition are indicated with an asterisk

 

Contents

Preface

About the Editors 

Introduction 

 

Part One

The Concept of Ideology 

   1   Terrell Carver–Ideology: The Career of a Concept 

 

Part Two

The Democratic Ideal 

   2   Euripides–Democracy and Despotism 

   3   Pericles–Funeral Oration 

   4   Aristotle–Democratic Judgment and the “Middling” Constitution 

   5   Niccolò Machiavelli–What’s Wrong with Princely Rule? 

   6   John Adams–What Is a Republic? 

   7   Bill of Rights of the United States 

   8   Alexis de Tocqueville–Democracy and Equality 

   9   John Stuart Mill–Democratic Participation and Political Education 

 10   Danielle Allen–Democracy and the Power of Education 

 

Part Three

Liberalism 

11   Thomas Hobbes–The State of Nature and the Basis of Obligation 

12   John Locke–Toleration and Government 

13   Thomas Paine–Government, Rights, and the Bonds Between Generations 

14   Declaration of Independence of the United States 

15   Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizens 

16   Adam Smith–Private Profit, Public Good 

17   Immanuel Kant–Freedom and Enlightenment 

18   John Stuart Mill–Liberty and Individuality 

19   William Graham Sumner–According to the Fitness of Things 

20   T. H. Green–Liberalism and Positive Freedom 

21   Donald Allen–Paternalism vs. Democracy: A Libertarian View 

22   Murray Rothbard–Libertarian Anarchism 

23   Philip Selznick–The Communitarian Persuasion 

 

Part Four

Conservatism  143

24   Edmund Burke–Society, Reverence, and the “True Natural Aristocracy” 

25   Joseph de Maistre–Conservatism as Reaction 

26   William Wordsworth–The Poet as Conservative 

27   José Ortega y Gasset–Revolt of the Masses 

28   Michael Oakeshott–On Being Conservative 

29   Robert H. Bork–Modern Liberalism and Cultural Decline 

30   Irving Kristol---The Neoconservative Persuasion

31   James Dobson ---Standing Strong in a Confused Culture

*32.  W. James Antle, III – The Conservative Crack-up

 

Part Five

Socialism and Communism: More to Marx 

33   Thomas More–Utopia 

34   Robert Owen–Address to the Inhabitants of New Lanark 

35   Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels–The Communist Manifesto 

36   Karl Marx–On the Materialist Conception of History 

 

Part Six

Socialism and Communism After Marx 

37   Eduard Bernstein–Evolutionary Socialism 

38   V. I. Lenin–Revisionism, Imperialism, and Revolution 

39   Leon Trotsky–The Permanent Revolution 

40   Mao Zedong–On the People’s Democratic Dictatorship 

41   Mikhail Bakunin–Anarcho-Communism vs. Marxism 

42   Emma Goldman–Anarchism: What It Really Stands For 

43   Edward Bellamy–Looking  Backward 

44   Michael Yates---Can the Working Class Change the World? 

 

Part Seven

Fascism 

45   Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau–Civilization and Race 

46   Benito Mussolini–The Doctrine of Fascism 

47   Alfredo Rocco–The Political Theory of Fascism 

48   Adolf Hitler–Nation and Race 

 

Part Eight

Liberation Ideologies and the Politics of Identity 

49   Martin Luther King, Jr.–Letter from Birmingham Jail 

50   Steve Biko–Black Consciousness and the Quest for a True Humanity 

51   Mary Wollstonecraft–A Vindication of the Rights of Women 

52  Olympe de Gouges---Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen

53   Sarah Grimké–Letters on the Equality of the Sexes 

54   Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions 

55   Marilyn Frye–Oppression 

56   John Corvino–Homosexuality: The Nature and Harm Arguments 

*57   Taiaiake Alfred – Indigenist Pathways to Action and Freedom

58   Gustavo Gutierrez–Liberation Theology 

59   Peter Singer–All Animals Are Equal 

 

Part Nine

“Green” Politics: Ecology as Ideology 

60   Aldo Leopold–The Land Ethic 

61   Wendell Berry–Getting Along with Nature 

62   Dave Foreman–Putting the Earth First 

63   Vandana Shiva–Women in Nature 

*64  Climate Change: An Evangelical Call to Action–Evangelical Climate Initiative

 

Part Ten

Radical Islam 

*65   Sayyid Qutb – Milestones

66   Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini–Islamic Government 

67  Osama bin Laden et al.---Jihad Against Jews and Crusaders

 

Part Eleven

Globalization and the Future of Ideology

68   John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge---The Hidden Promise of Globalization

69   Patrick Buchanan – Globalization Is Economic Treason