Health and Gender (eBook)
XV, 328 Seiten
Springer International Publishing (Verlag)
978-3-030-15038-9 (ISBN)
This book presents a concise and comprehensive overview of the most important protective and risk factors for women's health, and reviews the main areas of medical science from a gender perspective. Numerous scientific experiments and studies have shown how gender differences significantly affect the clinical presentation of physical and mental health disorders as well as responses to treatments. This text highlights these issues, while at the same time reflecting on the practical implications of the theoretical knowledge presented.
It also examines the organization of social and health services, which should increasingly take into account the specificities related to gender differences and where equality is based on truly embracing these differences. The final part provides insights into the experiences and testimonies collected by the authors of the book. Written by a multidisciplinary team of medical, psychosocial and humanities professionals, this book is of interest to health professionals and medical students.
Dr. Ilaria Tarricone is psychiatrist and assistant professor at the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, and at the Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction - Bologna Local Health Authority. She trained at the University of Bologna, and gained a Master Degree in 'Evidence Based Medicine and Health Research Methodology' and a PhD in 'Human Psychobiology' at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. She is honorary researcher at the Psychosis Studies Department of the Institute of Psychiatry and Psychological Neurosciences - King's College London. She has been awarded Doctor of Philosophy in Psychiatry at the King's College London , 1st December 2015 (Thesis : Incidence, course and outcome of psychosis in first generation migrants in Bologna, Italy). She has been Coordinator of the Research Unit UNIBO for the FP7 Project European Gene-Environment Interaction (EUGEI). She is the scientific Coordinator of the Study and Research Centre 'Bologna Transcultural Psychosomatic Team (BoTPT)' of the Bologna University. She is author of over 100 scientific publications. She is the Scientific Secretary of the European Psychiatric Association Section on Cultural Psychiatry and the Coordinator of the 'Cultural Consultation Liaison Psychiatry - Special Interest Group' EAPM (European Psychosomatic Association).
Anita Riecher-Rössler is a Professor of Psychiatry and Head of the Center for Gender Research and Early Detection at the Psychiatric University Clinics in Basel, Switzerland. She has specialised in psychiatry, psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, as well as in consultation and liaison psychiatry and in gerontopsychiatry. In 1998, she was the first woman to be appointed to a full chair for psychiatry in a German-speaking country. Her research interests include schizophrenic psychoses, gender differences in mental disorders, and mental disorders in women. In the field of schizophrenic psychoses she has mainly worked on the onset and early detection of these disorders but also on late onset schizophrenia. Her other main research focus is on the specific aspects of mental disorders in women, particularly on psychoneuroendocrine or psychosocial risk factors for mental health problems. This is reflected by works on mental disorders in the peripartum or during the menopausal transition on the one hand and by works on violence against women on the other. Her approach is a bio-psycho-social one, i.e. she always seeks to consider all these aspects in the pathogenesis as well as in the therapy of mental illness. She was a founding member/president of interdisciplinary societies for women's mental health, such as the International Association of Women's Mental Health (IAWMH) and the Interdisciplinary Society for Women's Mental Health and Gender Issues (gpgf) and chair of the Women's Mental Health Section of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA). She is Editor-in-Chief of the Archives of Women's Mental Health. In 2018 she was awarded the Constance Pascal-Helen Boyle Prize by the European Psychiatric Association for outstanding achievements by a woman in working to improve Mental Health Care in Europe. She edited 31 books, 99 book chapters and published over 340 original articles (h-index 61).
Foreword 5
Preface 7
References 9
More References 9
Acknowledgements 10
Contents 11
Part I: Introduction 14
1: Fairness, Equality and Health: Towards a Gender-Oriented Perspective 15
References 20
Suggested Reading 20
2: The Woman in the History of Health 21
2.1 Women as Healthcare Workers 22
2.2 Women as Patients 24
References 25
Suggested Reading 25
3: Gender Violence: Risk Factors and Social Vulnerability 26
References 28
Suggested Reading 28
4: Gender Violence: Protective Factors and Resilience 29
References 32
Suggested Reading 32
Part II: The Bio-psicho-social Determinants of Health for the Women 33
5: Vulnerability and Protective Factors for Mental Health: A Rereading in Gender Perspective 34
5.1 Gender Differences in Incidence, Prevalence, and Age of Onset of Mental Disorders 35
5.2 Vulnerability, Risk, and Protective Factors Associated with Sex and Gender 36
5.2.1 Biological Factors 37
5.2.1.1 Sex Hormones 37
5.2.2 Psychosocial Factors 38
5.2.2.1 Early Socialization and Coping Style 38
5.2.2.2 Social Status and Social Roles 39
5.2.2.3 Dependency, Harassment, and Violence 39
5.3 Gender Roles and Illness Behavior 40
5.4 Conclusions 40
References 41
Suggested Reading 45
Website 45
6: Gender, Genoma, and Health 46
6.1 Sex Is Genetically Determined 47
6.2 Effect of Sex-Regulated Tissue Expression: The Example of the Brain 49
References 50
7: Women at Work 52
References 56
Suggested Reading 56
8: Women, Migration and Social Environment 58
8.1 Introduction 59
8.2 Social Factors 60
8.3 Social Support and Mental Health Outcomes 60
8.4 Social Support, Social Conflict and Mental Health Service Use 61
8.5 Social Support Interventions 62
8.6 Perceived Social Support 63
8.7 Social Exclusion, Stigma and Discrimination 64
8.8 Influence of Acculturation Strategies 66
8.9 Mental Health in Refugee, Asylum Seeker and Immigrant Patients 67
8.10 Case Study: Prevention Has No Colour 2.0 Bologna (Italy) 69
8.11 Conclusion 71
References 71
9: For Media, “Women’s Health” Often Stands for “Beauty” 78
9.1 Breast Cancer 79
9.2 Body Weight 80
9.3 The Media Revolution 81
References 81
Suggested Reading 82
10: Health and Gender in Movies 83
Suggested Reading 86
11: Women in Music: The Case of Italian Opera 87
Appendix 11.1: Francesco Maria Piave—Giuseppe Verdi, Ernani (Venice, La Fenice, 1844) 93
Appendix 11.2: Francesco Maria Piave/Andrea Maffei—Giuseppe Verdi, Macbeth (Florence, La Pergola, 1847) 94
Appendix 11.3: Francesco Maria Piave—Giuseppe Verdi, La Traviata (Venice, La Fenice, 1853) 95
Suggested Reading 96
12: Sport and Gender 98
12.1 Introduction: Women, Sport and Medicine 98
12.2 Musculoskeletal and Ligament Injuries 99
12.3 Iron Deficiency and Anaemia 101
12.4 Menstrual Cycle Irregularities 103
12.5 Bone Health and Osteoporosis 104
12.6 Conclusions 105
References 105
Suggested Reading 107
13: Diet and Gender 109
13.1 Introduction 109
13.2 The Role of Women in History and Culture 110
13.3 Diet, Health and Beauty: Gender Differences and Possible Mechanisms 112
13.4 Food Craving and Food Addiction: Different Choices Between Women and Men 113
13.5 Knowledge About Diet, Its Impact on Health and Dissatisfaction with Body Shape 115
13.6 The Role of Mothers in the Dietary Behaviour of Their Children 115
13.7 Conclusions 116
References 117
Suggested Reading 118
Part III: Women’s Health at All Stages of Life 119
14: Motherhood, Childbirth and Perinatal Age 120
14.1 Introduction 121
14.2 Motherhood and Childbirth 121
14.2.1 Parenting Risk: Preterm Birth 121
14.2.2 Parenting Risk: Migration 123
14.3 Perinatal Age: The Importance of Relationships for Infant Development 124
14.4 Conclusions 126
References 126
15: Childhood 129
15.1 Introduction 130
15.2 Infancy 130
15.2.1 Attachment 130
15.2.2 Risk and Protective Factors for Mental Health During Infancy 131
15.2.3 Gender Differences in Infancy 132
15.2.4 Neuropsychiatric Conditions in Infancy 133
15.3 Childhood 133
15.3.1 Adverse Childhood Experiences 133
15.4 Resilience 137
15.5 The Biology of Environmental Effects 137
15.5.1 Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood 139
15.6 Conclusion 139
References 140
16: Young Women in the “Digital Generation”—New Risks and New Opportunities 143
16.1 The Digital Generation 145
16.2 Risky Situations 148
16.2.1 Hyper-connection and Internet Addiction 148
16.2.2 Web-Based Unhealthy Lifestyle Promotion (Pro-ana, Pro-drinking, Pro-suicide) 148
16.2.3 Cyberbullying 149
16.2.4 Grooming 149
16.3 Conclusions 150
References 150
Suggested Reading 151
List of Web Resources for Mental Health Promotion and Prevention 152
17: Sexual Health, LGBT, and Human Rights 153
17.1 Introduction to Sex Orienteering 154
17.2 Definition of Gender 155
17.3 The Feminine and the Feminist Perspective of Gender 155
17.4 Lesbian, Transgender, and Intersexual Differences: The Coming Out 155
17.5 Lesbian, Transgender, and Intersexual: A Medical History 156
17.6 The Lesbian Violence Risk 157
17.7 Vulnerable Factors for Lesbians Health 157
17.8 Protective Health Factors for Lesbians 158
17.9 Genomic Differences 158
17.10 Differences in Work Places 158
17.11 Educational Factors 159
17.12 Problems Related to Migration 159
17.13 Role of Media, Cinema, Music, or Dance 159
17.14 Sports and LGBT 159
17.15 Dietary Problems 160
17.16 Motherhood 160
17.17 Sexual Health and Human Rights 160
17.18 Elder Age 161
17.19 Other Specifics 161
References 161
18: Senility 165
18.1 Disability 166
18.2 Sarcopenia 166
18.3 Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis 167
References 168
Part IV: Gender Aspects in Medical Disorders and Care 169
19: Heart and Vascular Disorders: Gender Differences in Acute Coronary Syndrome 170
19.1 Introduction 171
19.2 Pathophysiology and Coronary Anatomy 172
19.3 Clinical Presentation 173
19.4 Diagnosis and Management 174
19.4.1 Treatment of Non-ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (NSTE-ACS) [6] 174
19.4.2 Treatment of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) [7] 175
19.5 Prognosis 176
References 177
20: Endocrine Disorders 179
20.1 Introduction 179
20.2 Role of Androgens in Metabolic Target Tissues 180
20.3 Role of Estrogens in Metabolic Target Tissues 181
20.4 Hyperandrogenism, Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Women 182
20.5 Hypoestrogenism, Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Diabetes in Women 183
20.6 Conclusions 184
References 184
Suggested Reading 186
21: Urogenital and Reproductive Disorders 187
21.1 Introduction 188
21.2 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) 189
21.3 Infertility 190
21.4 Contraception 191
21.5 Menopause 192
21.6 Sexual Health 192
21.7 Lower Urinary Tract Disorders and Pelvic Organ Prolapse 193
21.8 Summary 194
References 195
Suggested Reading 196
22: Central and Peripheral Nervous Disorders 197
22.1 Introduction 199
22.2 Stroke 200
22.3 Dementia 202
22.4 Headache 204
22.5 Multiple Sclerosis 206
22.6 Epilepsy 210
22.6.1 Female Hormones and Contraception 210
22.6.2 Reproductive and Sexual Dysfunction 211
22.6.3 Pregnancy and Lactation 211
22.6.4 Menopause-Related Issues 212
References 213
Suggested Reading 216
23: Psychiatric Disorders 217
23.1 Major Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Anxiety Disorders 218
23.2 Perinatal Depression and Postpartum Psychosis 222
23.3 Schizophrenic Psychosis 224
23.4 Eating Disorders 227
23.5 Conclusion 228
References 228
24: Gender and Pain 238
24.1 Introduction 238
24.2 Pain Severity and Treatment 240
24.3 Mechanism Underlying Sex Differences 240
24.4 Conclusion 243
References 243
25: The Brain-Gut Axis and the Gender 246
25.1 The Brain-Gut Axis 247
25.2 Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the Brain-Gut Axis 247
25.3 Gender and the Brain-Gut Axis 248
25.3.1 Sex and Gender-Related Impact of Psychological Factors on FGID Symptoms 248
25.3.2 Sex-Related Pathophysiological Factors in FGIDs 250
25.3.3 Role of Endocrine Factors on Symptom Exacerbation 251
25.4 Treatment of FGIDs: Several Gender Differences 252
25.5 Conclusions 253
References 253
26: Infectious Diseases and Gender: Focus on HIV Infection 255
26.1 Introduction 255
26.2 Natural History of HIV Infection 256
26.3 Inflammation and Comorbidities 257
26.4 Reservoirs and Functional Cure 257
References 258
Part V: Cure, Organization of Services and Gender 260
27: Social Services in Front of Feminine Social Disease 261
Suggested Reading 265
28: Primary Care 266
28.1 Focus on Primary Care Services 269
28.2 Attitude and Clinical Behavior of Health Professionals 269
28.3 Conclusions 270
References 270
Suggested Reading 271
29: Towards Gender-Sensitive Mental Health Services 273
29.1 Introduction 273
29.2 Gender Differences in Mental Health Service Use 274
29.2.1 Mood Disorders 274
29.2.2 First Episode Psychosis (FEP) and Longitudinal Outcome of Psychosis 274
29.2.3 Eating Disorders 275
29.2.4 Drug Abuse and Addiction 275
29.2.5 Gender Differences in the Late Period of Life 276
29.3 Gender-Specific Mental Health Services 276
29.3.1 Pregnancy and Postpartum 276
29.4 Conclusion 277
References 278
Suggested Reading 283
30: Guarantee Committee for Equal Opportunity, Employee Well-Being and Non-discrimination at Work (CUG) 284
30.1 Structure of the Governing Body 285
30.2 Objectives and Areas of Interest 285
30.3 Powers and Functions 287
30.4 Conclusions 288
31: Prevention of Violence and Emergency Services 289
31.1 The Story Told by the Victim 290
31.2 The Physical and Genital Examination 291
31.3 Patient Treatment 291
31.4 Forensic Sampling 291
31.5 Consent of the Patient 292
31.6 Follow-Up of the Patient 293
References 294
Suggested Reading 295
32: When the Woman Is the Mother: The Work of Pediatrician for Caring Mothers and Children 296
32.1 Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy 297
32.2 Children Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence 298
References 301
Suggested Reading 303
Part VI: Histories and Epilogues 304
33: The Association of the Teachers of the Bologna University (AdDU): A Story of Increasing Consciousness 305
References 307
34: The Vase of Flowers: A Tale for Preschool Children on Mothers’ Chemotherapy Side Effects 309
References 312
Suggested Reading 312
35: Women at School 313
Suggested Reading 316
36: When the Daughter is a Doctor 317
Reference 320
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 10.8.2019 |
|---|---|
| Zusatzinfo | XV, 328 p. 28 illus., 27 illus. in color. |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Geisteswissenschaften ► Psychologie ► Klinische Psychologie |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Gynäkologie / Geburtshilfe | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Innere Medizin | |
| Sozialwissenschaften ► Politik / Verwaltung | |
| Schlagworte | Mental health services • prevention • protective factors for women health • Resilience • resistance • risk factors for women health • well-being |
| ISBN-10 | 3-030-15038-0 / 3030150380 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-3-030-15038-9 / 9783030150389 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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