High-Resolution Electrophoresis and Immunofixation (eBook)

Front Cover 1
High-Resolution Electrophoresis and Immunofixation: Techniques and Interpretation 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 8
Preface to the First Edition 10
Preface to the Second Edition 12
Acknowledgment 14
High-Resolution Electrophoresis and Immunofixation 16
Chapter 1. Methods and Rationale for High-Resolution Electrophoresis 18
REVIEW OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE AND ELECTROPHORETIC TECHNIQUES 18
REFERENCES 32
Chapter 2. Techniques for High-Resolution Electrophoresis 34
PRINCIPLES OF HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS 34
HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS ON AGAROSE 36
HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS ON CELLULOSIC MEDIA 40
DENSITOMETRIC SCANNING OF HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS 40
HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS VERSUS STANDARD ELECTROPHORESIS 48
COST AND HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS 50
CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS 52
TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS 54
REFERENCES 55
Chapter 3. Proteins in Serum Identified by High-Resolution Electrophoresis 58
PROTEINS IDENTIFIED BY HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROPHORESIS 59
ALPHA REGION 67
INTER-ALPHA-1, -ALPHA-2 REGION 76
BETA REGION 84
GAMMA REGION 98
REFERENCES 106
Chapter 4. Approaches to Pattern Interpretation in Serum 114
INITIAL PROCESSING OF THE SAMPLE 115
OVERVIEW OF THE ELECTROPHORETIC STRIP 115
INTERPRETATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL PATIENT'S SAMPLE 118
REFERENCES 142
Chapter 5. Approaches to Pattern Interpretation in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Urine 148
METHODS TO STUDY CSF 148
HRE INTERPRETATION FOR URINE 163
REFERENCES 182
Chapter 6. Immunofixation Technique 188
PRINCIPLES OF IMMUNOPRECIPITATION 188
DOUBLE DIFFUSION IN TWO DIRECTIONS (OUCHTERLONY TECHNIQUE) 194
IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS 196
LIMITATIONS OF IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS 199
IMMUNOFIXATION ELECTROPHORESIS 204
LIMITATIONS OF IMMUNOFIXATION 215
REFERENCES 224
Chapter 7. Conditions Associated With Monoclonal Gammopathies 228
ONTOGENY OF B LYMPHOCYTES 228
T-LYMPHOCYTE DEVELOPMENT 231
CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES 231
REFERENCES 286
Chapter 8. Laboratory Diagnosis of Monoclonal Gammopathies 300
KAPPA/LAMBDA QUANTIFICATION AND THE DIAGNOSIS OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES 301
FORMULAS AND RULES AS GUIDES FOR DETECTING MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES 312
CLUES TO DETECTING MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHIES 319
MAINTAINING AN ACTIVE FILE ON ALL PATIENTS WITH MONOCLONAL PROTEINS 321
SCREENING AND FOLLOW-UP OF BENCE JONES PROTEIN 322
MONOCLONALS THAT MAY BE DIFFICULT TO DIAGNOSE 322
FINAL WORDS 325
REFERENCES 327
Chapter 9. Case Studies for Interpretation 330
INTRODUCTION TO THE CASE STUDIES 330
GENERAL COMMENTS ABOUT INTERPRETATION 402
Index 404