International Practice Development in Health and Social Care

Professor Kim Manley CBE is Emeritus Professor at Canterbury Christ Church University, Professor in Practice Development and Co-Director of the ImpACT Research Group at University East Anglia for Practice and System Transformation. Formerly Co-Director and Professor, Practice Development, Research and Innovation, at the England Centre for Practice Development, Canterbury Christ Church University, and Joint Clinical Chair, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, UK. Kim is an active member of the International Practice Development Collaborative. Professor Valerie Wilson holds a joint appointment as Professor of Nursing Research at Illawarra & Shoalhaven Local Health District and the University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia. The focus of her role is on ‘working with’ clinicians to develop person centred approaches to care, that are both evidence based and take into account the needs of patients and their families. Professor Christine Øye is a Professor of Health and Care Services Research at the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway. Her research interests include facilitating workplace learning using action research in various health and social care settings.

List of contributors xi

Foreword by Cheryl Atherfold xv

Foreword by Michael West xvi

Acknowledgements xviii

1. Transforming Health and Social Care Using Practice Development 1
Kim Manley, Valerie Wilson, and Christine Øye

Setting the scene at this time of high challenge 1

Practice development: its relevance to contemporary health and social care and crisis 2

Practice development: growing scope and impact from interprofessional collaboration and working with shared values 3

Developments since 2008 international edition 4

Living our values as editors and authors 7

The key concepts and structure of the book 8

Conclusion 10

References 10

2. Shaping Health Services Through True Collaboration Between Professional Providers and Service Users 14
Kristin Ådnøy Eriksen, Julia Kittscha, and Greg Fairbrother

Introduction 14

Examples of collaborative approaches 15

Discussion 21

Conclusion 23

References 24

3. Turning Point: Curious Novice to Committed Advocate 26
Catherine Adams, Ciaran Crowe, Crystal McLeod, and Giselle Coromandel

Inclusivity, relatability, effectiveness – Ciaran’s Eureka 27

Building contextual readiness – Cathy’s nemesis and enlightenment 29

Engagement 30

Facilitation – Crystal’s unrecognised talent 31

Co-production – collective ownership 33

Giselle’s experience with co-production 34

Conclusion 35

References 36

4. Sustainable Person-Centred Communities Design and Practice 39
Sharon Lee, Mayur Vibhuti, and Tobba Therkildsen Sudmann

Introduction 39

The litmus test – what are sustainable person-centred communities? 45

Facilitating creative and brave practitioners – critical appreciation of sustainable person-centred communities’ design and practice 47

Concluding remarks 48

References 49

5. Promoting Person-Centred Care for Older People 52
Victoria Traynor, Hui-Chen (Rita) Chang, Andreas Büscher, and Duncan McKellar

Introduction 52

Illustrating the application of claims, concerns and issues 53

Case studies 53

International, cross-setting and interdisciplinary learning 60

Conclusion and implications for undertaken practice development in aged care services 62

References 62

6. Education Models Embedding PD Philosophy, Values and Impact – Using the Workplace as the Main Resource for Learning, Developing and Improving 65
Rebekkah Middleton, Tracey Moroney, Carolyn Jackson, and Ruth Germaine

Introduction 65

Case study 1: The value of integrating a person-centred curriculum 66

Case study 2: Place-based learning 69

Measuring the impact of CPD in the workplace 73

Summary and conclusion 83

References 83

7. Critical Ethnography: A Method for Improving Healthcare Cultures in Practice Development and Embedded Research 86
Christine Øye, Claudia Green, Katherine Kirk, Cecilia Vindrola-Padros, and Greg Fairbrother

Introduction 86

Critical ethnographer as an embedded researcher 87

Introducing two case studies 88

Critical ethnography: a method for discovering ‘hidden’ practices and an avenue for practice development 94

Conclusion 97

References 97

8. A Global Manifesto for Practice Development: Revisiting Core Principles 99
Sally Hardy, Simone Clarke, Irena Anna Frei, Claire Morley, Jo Odell, Chris White, and Valerie Wilson

Introduction 99

Revising the PD principles through a stakeholder review process 100

Emergent themes 104

Comparing the 2008 PD principles with the revised 2020 PD / principles 110

Conclusion 115

References 116

9. Theorising Practice Development 118
Emma Radbron, Clint Douglas, and Cheryl Atherfold

Introduction 119

Theoretical origins 119

Working with the ‘critical’ in critical reflection 120

Connecting through crisis: critical social science and person-centredness in PD research 122

Theory in action: a bicultural perspective 124

Reflecting on the future of theory and practice development 127

Invited commentary – Dr Deborah Baldie 128

References 129

10. Unpacking and Developing Facilitation 131
Rebekkah Middleton, Margaret Kelly, Caroline Dickson, Valerie Wilson, Famke van Lieshout, Kathrin Hirter, and Christine Boomer

Introduction 131

Unpacking facilitation – an overview 131

Facilitator development – developing person‐centred facilitators 136

Facilitator development – moving to advanced facilitation 140

Conclusion 144

References 145

11. Re-Imagining Participation in Processes of Facilitation: a Case for ‘Humble Assertiveness’ 147
Gudmund Ågotnes, Karen Tuqiri, and Kristin Ådnøy Eriksen

Introduction 147

The process of facilitation – case examples 149

The complexity of facilitation – achieving meaningful participation 152

A commonality: culture 153

A commonality: participation 155

An approach towards facilitation: humble assertiveness 156

References 157

12. Leadership Relationships 159
Rebekkah Middleton, Shaun Cardiff, Kim Manley, and Belinda Dewar

Introduction 159

Relational leadership 160

Guiding lights of leadership 164

Leadership development strategies that enable effective workplace cultures 167

Conclusion 170

References 171

13. From Fractured to Flourishing: Developing Clinical Leadership for Frontline Culture Change 173
Duncan McKellar, Helen Stanley, Kim Manley, Selena Moore, Tyler Lloyd, Clare Hardwick, and Julia Ronder

Introduction 173

Background 173

The case studies 175

Discussion 182

Conclusion 184

References 184

14. Systems Leadership Enablement of Collaborative Healthcare Practices 187
Annette Solman, Kim Manley, and Jane Christie

Introduction 187

Developing systems leadership and management capability using facilitated learning 187

Keeping people focused with increasingly complex healthcare systems 190

Systems leadership and workforce factors influencing transformation 191

The role of facilitative leadership in improving care for older people across the system 196

Conclusion 197

References 198

References 204

15. Recognising and Developing Effective Workplace Cultures Across Health and Social Care that are Also Good Places to Work 205
Kate Sanders, Jonathan Webster, Kim Manley, and Shaun Cardiff

What is workplace culture and why is it important? 205

Background to collaborative inquiry 206

Developing ‘guiding lights’ through collaborative inquiry 207

Conclusion 216

References 217

16. Wellbeing at Work 220
Tristi Brownett, Valerie Wilson, and Alera Bowden

Introduction 220

What is wellbeing? 220

Flourishing 221

Why wellbeing matters at work 222

Dissemination and sustainability 225

Key moments on the journey 229

Launching the Wellbeing Strategy 229

Recognising the person and celebrating their achievements 229

Knowing what matters 230

Enhanced communication opportunities 231

Access to education 231

Living our values 231

Key insights 232

Conclusion 233

References 234

17. Flourishing People, Families and Communities 237
Carolyn Jackson, Valerie Wilson, Tanya McCance, and Albara Alomari

What is community flourishing? 237

Facilitating community engagement and development using practice development principles 240

Empowering citizens and communities to flourish through participatory research methods 241

Conclusion 247

References 248

18. Practice Development – Towards Co-Creation, Innovation and Systems Transformation to Foster Person-Centred Care 251
By Christine Øye, Valerie Wilson, and Kim Manley

Introduction 251

Societal challenges for a new decade 252

Practice development and person‐centred care 252

Practice development and user involvement through co‐creation 254

Practice development and innovation 255

Practice development and system approaches 256

PD: enabling through leadership and facilitation 257

Practice development beyond methods and a new global manifesto for PD 258

New directions through the International Practice Development Collaborative (IPDC) 259

Q1 Who are the up‐and‐coming practice developers in your area? 259

Q2 What professions (and consumers) do you currently engage in PD work? 260

Q3 What areas of PD should we be focusing on in the coming years? 260

Q4 What is one thing you would like to celebrate in relation to PD? 261

Conclusion 261

References 262

Index 265