Pre-Examination Procedures in Laboratory Diagnostics

1. General Part

1.1. Introduction and History of the Preanalytical Phase
Guder W.G.

1.2. From Diagnostic Strategies to Guidelines and Pathways. Benefits and Limitations of Laboratory Diagnostic Pathways.
Hoffmann G, Aufenanger J, Födinger M, Cadamuro J, von Eckardstein A, Hofmann W.

1.3. Definition of Influence and Interference Factors in the Preanalytical Phase. Guder W.G.

1.4. Extraanalytical Procedures and their Management in Total Turnaround Time Guder W.G.,Wisser H.

2. Types of Samples and Anatomic Site of Origin

2.1. What site of Sampling, Arterial , Venous or Capillary Blood ?
Guder W.G., Hagemann P

2.2. Special Preexamination Conditions in Newborns and Pediatric Patients.
Vassault A, Couderc R

2.3. Venous Blood Sampling (Phlebotomy)
Guder WG, Cornes M.

2.4. Arterial Sampling of Blood
Guder W.G., Hagemann P.

2.5. Capillary Sampling of Blood
Cornes M, Guder W.G.

2.6. Plasma or Serum? Which Anticoagulant to Use?
Guder W.G., Narayanan S.

2.7. Spot or Timed Urine, When and Why?
Guder W.G., Delange J

2.8. When are other Body Fluids to be Analyzed
Guder W.G.

2.9. Who is doing Phlebotomy in Europe?
Simundic A.M.

3. Biological Variables Influencing Laboratory Results

3.1 Age and Gender Differences; unavoidable Influences on Laboratory Results
Guder W.G. ,Narayanan S.

3.2 Variables during Sampling
Guder W.G., Narayanan S.

3.3 Food, Drinks and Smoking
Narayanan S, Guder W.G.

3.4 Effects of Herbs
Narayanan S., Young D.S

4. Source and Nature of Interferences of Analytical Procedures.

4.1 The Hemolytic Sample
Guder W.G., daFonseca-Wollheim F, Schmitt Y.M., Töpfer G.

4.2 The Lipemic Sample
Guder W.G., Nikolac N,Schmitt Y.M., Töpfer G.

4.3 The Icteric Sample
Guder W.G., da Fonseca-Wollheim F., Schmitt Y.M., Töpfer G.

4.4 Drug Interferences.
Sonntag O.

4.5 Interferences from Blood Sampling Device Materials on Clinical Assays. Part 1
Bowen R.A.R. Adcock - Funk D.

4.6 Interferences from Blood Sampling Device Materials on Clinical Assays, Part 2
Bowen R.A.R., Adcock - Funk D.

5. Sampling Techniques and Professions

5.1 Materials and Techniques of Sampling Blood and other Body Fluids, Contributions of Greiner- Bio-One.
Ivanov H, Präuer J, Schimpl M, Castelo-Rose G, Wiesner C, Ehrenfellner T.

5.2 Materials and Techniques of Sampling Blood from Sarstedt.
C. Seipelt

5.3 BD Preanalytical Systems - Diagnostic Sample Collection
Schlueter K., Church S.

6. Specimen Processing in the Preanalytical Phase

6.1 Sample Transport, Treatment after Arrival, Storage and Disposal
Guder W.G., Narayanan S.

6.2 Preanalytical Workflow Techniques and Procedures
Streichert T., von Meyer A.

7. Preanalytical Variables and Rules in Specific Fields of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics

7.1 Haemostaseology
Dempfle C-E., Toepfer G.

7.2 Haematology including Flow Cytometry of Blood Cells
Narayanan S.,Guder W.G.

7.3 Blood Gases, Ions and Electrolytes
Simundic A-M.

7.4 Clinical Chemistry: Metabolites, Enzymes, Hormones and Proteins
Narayanan S., Guder W.G..

7.5 Preanalytical Variables in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Narayanan S,, Agrawal Y.

7.6 Preanalytical Variables in Microbiology
Narayanan S, Schuetz N.

7.7 Biobanking
Leichtle A., Findeisen P.

8. Quality Assurance and Auditing of the Preanalytical Phase

8.1 Auditing of the Preanalytical Phase
Petersmann A., Schlüter K., Nauck M.

8.2 Internal Quality assurance for Preanalytical Phase
Cadamuro J.

8.3 External Quality Assurance for the Preanalytical Phase
Kristensen G.B.B., Aakre K.M., Kristoffersen A.H., Sandberg S.

9. Annex: Samples and Stability of Analytes