Personnel Management in Government

THE HISTORY AND ENVIRONMENT OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
The First Century of Civil Service Reform
Prologue: President Garfield's Assassination and the Origins of the
Merit System
A Historical Perspective: Enter the Spoils System
The Motivation for Civil Service Reform
The Impetus for Reform
The Pendleton Act
The Development of the Central Personnel Agency
Phase I: Policing
Phase II: Scientific Management
Phase III: Centralization
Phase IV: The Decentralization of Personnel Operations
Phase V: The Demise of the Civil Service Commission
Phase VI: Reform
State and Local Institutional Arrangements: A History in Parallel
Civil Service Reform and the Decline of the Commission Format
A Summary Note on the Merits of Reform
Bibliography
Cases

Civil Service Reform in the Postreform Era (1979-2000)
Prologue: the Demise of Civil Service Protections in the Federal Government
The Aftermath of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978
Overture for Postreform: The Volcker Commission
The National Performance Review and Federal Workforce Restructuring
Civil Service Reform in Clinton's Second Term
The "Flight of the Bumblebee": Civil Service Reform during the Bush Administration
Competitive Sourcing
Strategic Management of Human Capital
The "Freedom to Manage" and "Managerial Flexibility" Acts
Working for America Act
Civil Service Reform at the State and Local Level
Bibliography

The Legal Framework of Public Personnel Management
Prologue: Elrod v. Burns (1976)
Comparing the Legal and Managerial Frameworks of Government
Merit Principles and Civil Service
Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity Law
Ethics Law
Labor Relations
Enforcement
The Constitutional Law of Public Employment
The Individualized Rights Approach
The Public Service Model
Freedom of Expression: Nonpartisan Speech
Political Neutrality
Freedom of Association
Liberty
Equal Protection
The Right to a Hearing
Fourth Amendment Privacy
The Right to Disobey
Privatization
Conclusion: Know Your Law
Bibliography
Cases

THE PROCESSES OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Human Resources Planning
Prologue: Are There Any Translators in the House?
The Environment for Human Resources Planning
Human Resources Planning in an Era of Downsizing
Recent Trends in Workforce Planning
A Historical Overview of Human Resources Planning
Workforce Planning
Forecasting Human Resources Supply
Forecasting Organizational Demands
Strategic Human Resources Planning: Future Prospects
Bibliography

Classification and Compensation
Prologue: The FAA'S Experience with Pay for Performance
The Evolution of Position Classification: The Ascendancy of Scientific Management
After the War: "The Triumph of Techniques over Purpose"
The 1970s and the Behavioralist Critique
The System Response: Factor Evaluation in the 1970s
The Reform Initiative of the 1990s-Broadbanding?
Pay Administration in Government
Federal Pay Reform in the 1990s
Class and Comp Reform in the 21st Century: Pay for Performance Redux
State and Local Class and Comp Developments
Bibliography

Recruitment and Selection
Prologue: Brenda Berkman and the New York City Fire Department
The Importance of Public Employment
Personal Rank versus Position Rank
Essentials of the Employment Process
The Legal Environment of Public Sector Selection
The Development (and Decline) of the Uniform Guidelines
Examinations and Validation
A Federal Case History from PACE to ACWA to Others
Human Capital in Government: The Next Frontier
Bibliography
Cases

Performance Appraisal
Prologue: Performance Management in the IRS
The Problem of Performance Appraisal
The Traditional Approach to Performance Appraisal
Performance Management in the 1990s and Beyond
Pay for Performance
Some State Government Perspectives on Merit Pay
Other Alternatives: Assessment Centers and Assessments of Multisource Appraisals
Bibliography

Training and Development
Prologue: Developing Effective Training Programs in the Federal Government Planning/Front-End Analysis Design and Development
Implementation
Evaluation
The Evolution of Training and Development
Methods of Training: the Design Issue
Career Development and the Employee
On Planning Training: the Strategy Issue
On Assessing Training: the Evaluation Issue
Training and Development and Technology: The Issue of Choice
Bibliography

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND DIVERSITY IN GOVERNMENT
Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative
Action
Prologue: From Bakke to Grutter
The Difference between Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative
Action Abuses of the Past
The Development of EEO
The Nature of Unequal Treatment in Today's Workplace Stereotypes
Glass Ceilings
Subjective Discrimination
Other Disparities
The Power of Subtle Differences
The Organization of EEO
The Managerial Aspects of Affirmative Action
Developing a Plan
Monitoring the Plan
Sexual Harassment
Comparable Worth and Pay Equity
The Gender Pay Gap: Causes and Cures
Legal and Judicial Developments around Comparable Worth
Additional EEO Concerns
Age Discrimination
Disability Discrimination
Discrimination Based on HIV/AIDS
The Future of EEO and Affirmative Action
Bibliography
Cases

Diversity in the Workforce
Prologue: Leading Diversity Practices in the Federal Government
The Importance of Promoting Diversity Measures
Workforce 2020
The Importance of a Representative Bureaucracy
Diversity within and across Occupations
Measurement Issues
Strategies for Greater Inclusion
Change Organizational Structures and Work Processes
Leadership and Accountability
Ensuring Effective Communication and Feedback
Reorienting Personnel Policies and Processes
Recruitment and Selection Practices
Performance Appraisals, Awards, and Development
Work Arrangements and Benefits
Data Collection and Training
Diversity Measures beyond the Organization
Bibliography
Cases

UNIONS AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS IN GOVERNMENT
Labor-Management Relations
Prologue: The New York City Transit Strike of 2005
The Development of Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector
Differences between the Public and Private Sectors
Adapting Collective Bargaining for the Public Sector
Early History
Early Change
Maturation and Change in the Federal Sector
The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978
Labor-Management Partnerships and the NPR
Labor Reforms in the 21st Century
State and Local Arrangements
The Nuts and Bolts of Organizing
Unit Determination.
Supervisors
The Scope of Bargaining
Impasse Resolution
Strikes
The Union's Role in Grievance Procedures
Conclusion ..
Glossary of Federal-Sector Labor-Management Relations Terms
Bibliography
Cases

Employee Relations
Prologue: Workplace Violence against Health Care and Social Service Workers
Defining Employee Relations
Formal Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
Employee Discipline
Traditional Adjudicatory Systems
Alternative Dispute Resolution Approaches
Job Safety and Health
Substance Abuse in the Workplace
Drug Testing
Employee Assistance Programs
Bibliography
Cases

Index