Online Algorithms for Optimal Energy Distribution in Microgrids (eBook)

YU WANG received the M.E. degree in instrument science and technology and the B.E. degree in measuring and control technology and instrumentation from Southeast University, Nanjing, China, in 2011 and 2008, respectively. Since 2011, he has been pursuing the Ph.D. degree with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. His current research interests include smart grid and optimization. SHIWEN MAO received the Ph.D. degree in electrical and computer engineering from Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY, USA. Currently, he is the McWane Associate Professor with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA. His current research interests include cross-layer optimization of wireless networks and multimedia communications, with current focus on cognitive radios, femtocells, 60 GHz mmWave networks, free space optical networks, and smart grid. He is on the Editorial Board of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS and the IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials. He received the 2013 IEEE ComSoc MMTC Outstanding Leadership Award and the NSF CAREER Award in 2010. He is a co-recipient of the IEEE ICC 2013 Best Paper Award and the 2004 IEEE Communications Society Leonard G. Abraham Prize in the Field of Communications Systems. R. M. NELMS received the B.E.E. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Auburn University, AL, USA, in 1980 and 1982, respectively. He received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA, in 1987. He is currently a Professor and Chair with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University. His current research interests include power electronics, power systems, and electric machinery. In 2004, he was named an IEEE Fellow "for technical leadership and contributions to applied power electronics." He is a Registered Professional Engineer in Alabama.

Preface 6
Contents 8
Acronyms 10
List of Figures 12
List of Tables 14
1 Introduction 15
1.1 Smart Grid---The Future Power Grid 15
1.2 Smart Grid Infrastructure 19
1.2.1 Smart Power System 19
1.2.2 Information Technology 25
1.2.3 Communication System 28
1.3 Smart Grid Applications 30
1.3.1 Fundamental Applications 30
1.3.2 Emerging Applications 33
1.3.3 Derived Applications 37
References 39
2 Centralized Online Algorithm for Optimal Energy Distribution in Connected Microgrid 44
2.1 Introduction 44
2.2 Problem Statement 48
2.2.1 System Model 48
2.2.2 Problem Formulation 50
2.3 Offline Algorithm 51
2.4 Online Algorithm 53
2.5 Communication Network Protocol 58
2.6 Practical Online Algorithm 59
2.7 Performance Evaluation 60
2.7.1 Simulation Configuration 60
2.7.2 Algorithm Performance 61
2.7.3 Comparison with a Benchmark 65
2.8 Conclusion 67
References 73
3 Distributed Online Algorithm for Optimal Energy Distribution in Connected Microgrids 75
3.1 Introduction 75
3.2 System Model 78
3.2.1 Network Structure 78
3.2.2 User Utility Function 79
3.2.3 Energy Provisioning Cost Function 80
3.3 Problem Formulation and Centralized Solutions 80
3.3.1 Problem Formulation 81
3.3.2 Centralized Offline Algorithm 81
3.3.3 Centralized Online Algorithm 82
3.4 Distributed Online Algorithm 83
3.4.1 Decomposition and Distributed Offline Algorithm 83
3.4.2 Distributed Online Subproblem 85
3.4.3 Distributed Online Algorithm 87
3.5 Communication Network Protocol 89
3.6 Performance Evaluation 90
3.6.1 Simulation Configuration 90
3.6.2 DOA Performance Evaluation 91
3.6.3 Comparison with Other Algorithms 93
3.7 Conclusion 96
References 96
4 Open Problems of Energy Management in Microgrids 98
4.1 Energy Management for Islanded Microgrids 98
4.1.1 Forecasting in Islanded Microgrids 99
4.1.2 Energy Management for Islanded MGs in Emergency 100
4.2 Energy Management for Cooperative Microgrids 100
4.2.1 Cooperative Microgrids with Macrogrid 101
4.2.2 Cooperative Microgrids Without Macrogrid 101
References 102