Cold Chain Management for the Fresh Produce Industry in the Developing World

Vijay Yadav Tokala did his PhD (Environment and Agriculture) with specialization in postharvest physiology at Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia. He studied the effect of two newly discovered ethylene antagonist compounds and 1-methylcyclopropene in the fruit crops, to extend storage life under different storage environments. He won a highly competitive "2016 - International Postgraduate Research Scholarship (IPRS)" and "Australian Postgraduate Award (APA)" through a merit-based international competition to pursue his PhD. Vijay completed his graduation with Horticulture as specialization from Dr Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Andhra Pradesh (India) and was the top scorer in the college (88.94 %). His postgraduate research was on fruit and vegetable processing and was awarded 'University Gold Medal' for being the top scorer in university (87.60 %) at S.K. Rajasthan Agricultural University, Rajasthan (India). Vijay is currently employed at Amity University as Assistant Professor, since January 2020. Previously, Vijay held the position of Research Scholar; Teaching Assistant for 4 years (March 2016 - October 2019), while working at Curtin University, Australia. Before this, he worked as 'Horticulture Officer' in the Government of Andhra Pradesh (India) for 15 months (November 2013 - February 2015) with duties as a field consultant and extension officer in both rural and urban areas, with the main job objective to enhance quality horticulture production. He is also voluntarily serving as President-Elect/ Board of Director for 'The Postharvest Education Foundation, a US-based non-profit organization committed to reducing global postharvest losses by providing innovative training programs to participants from more than 30 different developing nations. He is well-versed and experienced in the production and postharvest aspects of horticulture crops of different climatic zones. He has edited two books on postharvest capacity building, published more than 25 research papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented papers at several national and international platforms. His previous international consultation experience includes desktop studies and coordination with local teams for postharvest management of horticulture crops in Ethiopia, Nepal, Rwanda and Senegal. He also regularly participates in online technical discussions, related to postharvest management of horticulture crops, sustainable agriculture, food loss and waste reduction etc. through social networking sites and blogs. Majeed Mohammed is a Professor of Postharvest Physiology at the University of The West Indies UWI), with 31 years of experience in teaching, research and outreach activities. He earned his Ph.D. in Postharvest Physiology at The UWI, M.Sc. in Postharvest Physiology at the University of Guelph and B.Sc. in Agriculture at The UWI. His research is centered on the physiology and biochemistry of ripening of tropical fruits, effects of ethylene antagonists in delaying senescence of cut-flowers, alleviation of physiological disorders of minimally processed fruits and vegetables and cold chain management and development of value-added food products. He has developed four schools of research: one in Postharvest Physiology; another in Commodity Utilisation; the third in Food Quality Management and the fourth in Postharvest Extension. His latest work focuses on assisting Caribbean countries with developing sustainable, efficient and inclusive mechanisms to produce, transform and deliver healthy and safe food to consumers. He is currently a Board Director with the Postharvest Education Foundation (PEF), USA and a member of the UN/FAO Panel of Experts from Latin America and the Caribbean on the Prevention and Reduction of Food Losses and Waste.

Contents

Foreword...........................................................................................................................................vii

Preface...............................................................................................................................................ix

Editors................................................................................................................................................xi

Contributors.................................................................................................................................... xiii

Section I Cooling and Cold Chain

Chapter 1 Cold Chain and Its Importance—Current Global Status..............................................3

Lisa Kitinoja, Vijay Yadav Tokala, Majeed Mohammed, and

Bal Vipin Chander Mahajan

Chapter 2 Cooling Requirements of Selected Perishable Crops During Storage........................ 19

Puran Bridgemohan, Majeed Mohammed, and Vijay Yadav Tokala

Section II Cooling Systems

Chapter 3 Traditional/Conventional Cooling Systems................................................................ 33

Swarajya Laxmi Nayak, R.R. Sharma, and Shruti Sethi

Chapter 4 Improved Small- Scale Cooling Systems..................................................................... 45

Lisa Kitinoja and Charles Wilson

Chapter 5 Sustainable Cold Chain Development......................................................................... 55

Toby Peters and Leyla Sayin

Chapter 6 The Container Mini Packhouse: Affordable and Effective Facility for Sorting,

Packaging, and Storage of Fresh Produce for Small-/Medium-Scale Farmers..........69

Ramadhani O. Majubwa, Theodosy J. Msogoya, Hosea D. Mtui,

Eleni Pliakoni, Steven A. Sargent, and Angelos Deltsidis

Chapter 7 Clean Cold Chain Technologies..................................................................................85

Deirdre Holcroft, Wynand Groenewald, and Vijay Yadav Tokala

Chapter 8 Refrigerated Transportation in Marine Containers and Cold Chain

Transport Logistics......................................................................................................99

Eduardo Kerbel

Section III □C old Chain Development, Capacity

Building and Case Studies

Chapter 9 Capacity Building for Cold Chain Development...................................................... 119

Amanda Brondy, Lowel Randell, and Madison Jaco

Chapter 10 Historical Perspectives on the Cold-chain in India................................................... 133

Pawanexh Kohli

Chapter 11 Progress and Status of Cold-chain in India............................................................... 147

Pawanexh Kohli

Chapter 12 Cold Chain Operations in the Caribbean: Opportunities and Challenges................ 165

Puran Bridgemohan and Majeed Mohammed

Chapter 13 Solar-Powered Cold Storage: ColdHubs in Nigeria.................................................. 175

Olubukola M. Odeyemi and Nnaemeka C. Ikegwuonu

Chapter 14 Low-Cost Cooling Technology to Reduce Postharvest Losses in

Horticulture Sectors of Rwanda and Burkina Faso................................................... 183

Eric Verploegen, Mandeep Sharma, Rashmi Ekka, and Gurbinder Gill

Chapter 15 CoolBot™ Cool Rooms for Small-Scale Value Chain Systems............................... 211

Neeru Dubey

Chapter 16 Policy, Strategies, Investments and Action Plans for Cold Chain Development...... 219

Lisa Kitinoja and Divine Njie

Chapter 17 Gaps in the Research on Cooling Interventions for Perishable Crops in Sub-

Saharan Africa and South Asia......................................................................... 231

Lisa Kitinoja and Deirdre Holcroft

Chapter 18 Summary and Conclusions........................................................................................245

Vijay Yadav Tokala and Majeed Mohammed

Index...............................................................................................................................................249