Bugs as Drugs (eBook)

Robert A. Britton, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France. Patrice D. Cani, Baylor College of Medicine, Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Houston, Texas.

Contributors vii

About the Editors xii

Preface xiii

A. Traditional Probiotic Approaches

1 Biochemical Features of Beneficial Microbes: Foundations for Therapeutic Microbiology 3
Melinda A. Engevik and James Versalovic

2 The Genomic Basis of Lactobacilli as Health-Promoting Organisms 49
Elisa Salvetti and Paul W. O'Toole

3 Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects 73
Claudio Hidalgo-Cantabrana, Susana Delgado, Lorena Ruiz, Patricia Ruas-Madiedo, Borja Sánchez, and Abelardo Margolles

B. Next-Generation Bacteriotherapy: Opportunities in Chronic Diseases

4 Microbial Interactions and Interventions in Colorectal Cancer 101
Terence Van Raay and Emma Allen-Vercoe

5 Microbial Impact on Host Metabolism: Opportunities for Novel Treatments of Nutritional Disorders? 131
Hubert Plovier and Patrice D. Cani

6 Therapeutic Opportunities in the Vaginal Microbiome 149
Gregor Reid

7 Lung Microbiota and Its Impact on the Mucosal Immune Phenotype 161
Benjamin G. Wu and Leopoldo N. Segal

8 Microbiota, Liver Diseases, and Alcohol 187
Anne-Marie Cassard, Philippe Gérard, and Gabriel Perlemuter

9 The Potential of Probiotics as a Therapy for Osteoporosis 213
Fraser L. Collins, Naiomy D. Rios-Arce, Jonathan D. Schepper, Narayanan Parameswaran, and Laura R. McCabe

10 Ecological Therapeutic Opportunities for Oral Diseases 235
Anilei Hoare, Philip D. Marsh, and Patricia I. Diaz

C. Control of Infectious Disease by Microbes

11 Control of Clostridium difficile Infection by Defined Microbial Communities 269
James Collins and Jennifer M. Auchtung

12 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Therapeutic Potential for a Multitude of Diseases beyond Clostridium difficile 291
Guido J. Bakker and Max Nieuwdorp

13 Enterococci and Their Interactions with the Intestinal Microbiome 309
Krista Dubin and Eric G. Pamer

D. Next-Generation Microbial Therapeutics: Tools and Regulation

14 Engineering Diagnostic and Therapeutic Gut Bacteria 333
Brian P. Landry and Jeffrey J. Tabor

15 Use of Traditional and Genetically Modified Probiotics in Human Health: What Does the Future Hold? 363
Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán and Philippe Langella

16 Genetic Tools for the Enhancement of Probiotic Properties 371
Laura Ortiz-Velez and Robert Britton

17 Genome Editing of Food-Grade Lactobacilli to Develop Therapeutic Probiotics 389
Jan-Peter van Pijkeren and Rodolphe Barrangou

18 United States Regulatory Considerations for Development of Live Biotherapeutic Products as Drugs 409
Sheila M. Dreher-Resnick, Scott Stibitz, and Paul E. Carlson, Jr.

E. Indirect Strategies to Target Microbiome Function for Health

19 Bacteriophage Clinical Use as Antibacterial "Drugs": Utility and Precedent 419
Stephen T. Abedon

20 Modulation of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome with Nondigestible Fermentable Carbohydrates to Improve Human Health 453
Edward C. Deehan, Rebbeca M. Duar, Anissa M. Armet, Maria Elisa Perez-Muñoz, Mingliang Jin, and Jens Walter

Index 485

Because microbiome research studies are
being published at an unprecedented rate, a reliable book that reviews the
seminal work and knowledge gaps in this field is pressingly needed. In Bugs
as Drugs: Therapeutic Microbes for the Prevention and Treatment of Disease,
the authors address major themes in microbiome research, particularly focusing
on therapeutic applications.

This ~500-page volume, edited by Robert A.
Britton and Patrice D. Cani, comprises 5 main sections of varying scope and
length. The introductory section reviews pathways used by commensals,
particularly Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria spp., to benefit the host. The
first chapter is particularly impressive, providing a thorough and well-cited
overview of the various microbial metabolites and how they influence the host.

...Overall, this book is a commendable and
timely volume of well-sourced reviews written by experts in the field well
organized into broad research themes. This work will serve as a helpful
resource for both scientists and clinicians interested in using microbes for
therapeutic applications.

-Excerpted from the full review in Emerging
Infectious Diseases, Vol. 25, No.7, Books and Media