Advances in Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Luisa F. Cabeza is Professor at the University of Lleida (Spain) where she leads the GREA research group. She has co-authored over 100 journal papers and several book chapters. Luisa F. Cabeza received her PhD in Industrial Engineering in 1996 from the University Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain. She also holds degrees in Chemical Engineering (1992) and in Industrial Engineering (1993), as well as an MBA (1995) from the same University. Her interests include the different TES technologies (sensible, latent and thermochemical), applications (buildings, industry, refrigeration, CSP, etc.), and social aspects. She also acts as subject editor of the journals Renewable Energy, and Solar Energy.

List of contributors
Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy
Preface
1: Introduction to thermal energy storage (TES) systems

Abstract
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Basic thermodynamics of energy storage
1.3 Overview of system types
1.4 Environmental impact and energy savings produced
1.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements


Part One: Sensible heat storage systems

2: Using water for heat storage in thermal energy storage (TES) systems

Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Principles of sensible heat storage systems involving water
2.3 Advances in the use of water for heat storage
2.4 Future trends


3: Using molten salts and other liquid sensible storage media in thermal energy storage (TES) systems

Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Principles of heat storage systems using molten salts and other liquid sensible storage media
3.3 Advances in molten salt storage
3.4 Advances in other liquid sensible storage media
3.5 Future trends
Acknowledgements


4: Using concrete and other solid storage media in thermal energy storage (TES) systems

Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Principles of heat storage in solid media
4.3 State-of-the-art regenerator-type storage
4.4 Advances in the use of solid storage media for heat storage


5: The use of aquifers as thermal energy storage (TES) systems

Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Thermal sources
5.3 Aquifier thermal energy storage (ATES)
5.4 Thermal and geophysical aspects
5.5 ATES design
5.6 ATES cooling only case study: Richard Stockton College of New Jersey
5.7 ATES district heating and cooling with heat pumps case study: Eindhoven University of Technology
5.8 ATES heating and cooling with de-icing case study: ATES plant at Stockholm Arlanda Airport
5.9 Conclusion
Acknowledgements


6: The use of borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) systems

Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 System integration of borehole thermal energy storage (BTES)
6.3 Investigation and design of BTES construction sites
6.4 Construction of borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) and BTES
6.5 Examples of BTES
6.6 Conclusion and future trends


7: Analysis, modeling and simulation of underground thermal energy storage (UTES) systems

Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system
7.3 Borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) system
7.4 FEFLOW as a tool for simulating underground thermal energy storage (UTES)
7.5 Applications
Appendix: Nomenclature




Part Two: Latent heat storage systems

8: Using ice and snow in thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Principles of thermal energy storage systems using snow and ice
8.3 Design and implementation of thermal energy storage using snow
8.4 Full-scale applications
8.5 Future trends


9: Using solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs) in thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Principles of solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs)
9.3 Shortcomings of PCMs in thermal energy storage systems
9.4 Methods to determine the latent heat capacity of PCMs
9.5 Methods to determine other physical and technical properties of PCMs
9.6 Comparison of physical and technical properties of key PCMs
9.7 Future trends


10: Microencapsulation of phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Microencapsulation of phase change materials (PCMs)
10.3 Shape-stabilized PCMs


11: Design of latent heat storage systems using phase change materials (PCMs)

Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Requirements and considerations for the design
11.3 Design methodologies
11.4 Applications of latent heat storage systems incorporating PCMs
11.5 Future trends


12: Modelling of heat transfer in phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Inherent physical phenomena in phase change materials (PCMs)
12.3 Modelling methods and approaches for the simulation of heat transfer in PCMs for thermal energy storage
12.4 Examples of modelling applications
12.5 Future trends


13: Integrating phase change materials (PCMs) in thermal energy storage systems for buildings

Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Integration of phase change materials (PCMs) into the building envelope: physical considerations and heuristic arguments
13.3 Organic and inorganic PCMs used in building walls
13.4 PCM containment
13.5 Measurement of the thermal properties of PCM and PCM integrated in building walls
13.6 Experimental studies
13.7 Numerical studies
13.8 Conclusions




Part Three: Thermochemical heat storage systems

14: Using thermochemical reactions in thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Applications of reversible gas–gas reactions
14.3 Applications of reversible gas–solid reactions
14.4 Conclusion


15: Modeling thermochemical reactions in thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Grain model technique (Mampel’s approach)
15.3 Reactor model technique (continuum approach)
15.4 Molecular simulation methods: quantum chemical simulations (DFT)
15.5 Molecular simulation methods: statistical mechanics
15.6 Molecular simulation methods: molecular dynamics (MD)
15.7 Properties estimation from molecular dynamics simulation
15.8 Examples
15.9 Conclusion and future trends
Acknowledgements




Part Four: Systems operation and applications

16: Monitoring and control of thermal energy storage systems

Abstract
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Overview of state-of-the-art monitoring and control of thermal energy storage systems
16.3 Stand-alone control and monitoring of heating devices
16.4 Data logging and heat metering of heating devices
16.5 Future trends in the monitoring and control of thermal storage systems


17: Thermal energy storage systems for heating and hot water in residential buildings

Abstract
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Requirements for thermal energy storage in individual residential buildings
17.3 Sensible heat storage for space heating in individual residential buildings
17.4 Latent and sorption heat storage for space heating in individual residential buildings
17.5 Thermal energy storage for domestic hot water and combined systems in individual residential buildings
17.6 Conclusions and future trends


18: Thermal energy storage systems for district heating and cooling

Abstract
18.1 Introduction
18.2 District heating and cooling overview
18.3 Advances in applications of thermal energy storage systems
18.4 Future trends


19: Thermal energy storage (TES) systems using heat from waste

Abstract
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Generation of waste process heat in different industries
19.3 Application of thermal energy storage (TES) for valorization of waste process heat
19.4 Conclusions


20: Thermal energy storage (TES) systems for cogeneration and trigeneration systems

Abstract
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Overview of cogeneration and trigeneration systems
20.3 Design of thermal energy storage for cogeneration and trigeneration systems
20.4 Implementation of thermal energy storage in cogeneration and trigeneration systems
20.5 Future trends
20.6 Conclusion


21: Thermal energy storage systems for concentrating solar power (CSP) technology

Abstract
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Commercial concentrating solar power (CSP) plants with integrated storage capacity
21.3 Research and development in CSP storage systems
21.4 Conclusion


22: Thermal energy storage (TES) systems for greenhouse technology

Abstract
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Greenhouse heating and cooling
22.3 Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies for greenhouse systems
22.4 Case studies for TES in greenhouses
22.5 Conclusions and future trends


23: Thermal energy storage (TES) systems for cooling in residential buildings

Abstract
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Sustainable cooling through passive systems in building envelopes
23.3 Sustainable cooling through phase change material (PCM) in active systems
23.4 Sustainable cooling through sorption systems
23.5 Sustainable cooling through seasonal storage
23.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements




Index