Thermochemical Processing of Biomass (eBook)

Professor Robert C Brown, is based at Iowa State University. He is the founding director of the Bioeconomy Institute (BEI) at ISU, a university-wide initiative that coordinates research, educational, and outreach activities related to biobased products and bioenergy.?Dr. Brown also helped establish ISU's Biorenewable Resources and Technology (BRT) graduate program, the first such degree-granting program in the United States. His publications include Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from Agriculture, a textbook for students interested in the Bioeconomy, as well as several book chapters on related topics.?Dr. Brown's other administrative duties include directing the Center for Sustainable Environmental Technologies, a $3 million per year research enterprise focusing on thermochemical processing of biomass and fossil fuels. The center has pioneered a variety of innovative technologies including syngas fermentation, bio-oil fermentation, use of? biochars as soil amendment and carbon sequestration agent, and thermally ballasted gasification. He has published over 100 refereed papers and has received over $30 million in cumulative research funding. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineering, a Distinguished Iowa Scientist of the Iowa Academy of Science, and the recipient of the David R. Boylan Eminent Faculty Award for Research at ISU in 2002.?He received an R&D 100 Award from Research and Development Magazine in 1997.

Series Preface.

Acknowledgements.

List of Contributors.

1 Introduction to Thermochemical Processing of Biomass intoFuels, Chemicals and Power (Robert C. Brown).

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Direct Combustion.

1.3 Gasification.

1.4 Fast Pyrolysis.

1.5 Hydrothermal Processing.

1.6 Hydrolysis to Sugars.

1.7 Technoeconomic Analysis.

References.

2 Biomasss Combustion (Bryan M. Jenkins, Larry L.Baxter and Jaap Koppejan).

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Combustion Systems.

2.3 Fundamentals of Biomass Combustion.

2.4 Pollutant Emissions and Environmental Impacts.

References.

3 Gasification (Richard L. Bain and KarlBroer).

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Fundamentals of Gasification.

3.3 Feed Properties.

3.4 Classifying Gasifiers According to Method of Heating.

3.5 Classifying Gasifiers According to Transport Processes.

3.6 Pressurized Gasification.

3.7 Product Composition.

3.8 System Applications.

References.

4 Syngas Cleanup, Conditioning, and Utilization (DavidC. Dayton, Brian Turk and Raghubir Gupta).

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Syngas Cleanup and Conditioning.

4.3 Syngas Utilization.

4.4 Practical Applications and Industrial Practices.

References.

5 Fast Pyrolysis (Robbie Venderbosch and WolterPrins).

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Bio-Oil Properties.

5.3 Fast Pyrolysis Process Technologies.

5.4 Bio-Oil Fuel Applications.

5.5 Chemicals from Bio-Oil.

5.6 Concluding Remarks.

Acknowledgement.

References.

6 Upgrading Fast Pyrolysis Liquids (AnthonyBridgwater).

6.1 Introduction to Fast Pyrolysis and Bio-Oil.

6.2 Liquid Characteristics and Quality.

6.3 Significant Factors Affecting Characteristics.

6.4 Norms and Standards.

6.5 Bio-Oil Upgrading.

6.6 Chemical and catalytic Upgrading of Bio-oil.

6.7 Conclusions.

References.

7 Hydrothermal Processing (Douglas C.Elliott).

7.1 Introdcution.

7.2 Background.

7.3 Fundamentals.

7.4 Hydrothermal Liquefaction.

7.5 Hydrothermal Gasification.

7.6 Pumping Biomass into Hydrothermal Processing Systems.

7.7 Conclusions of Hydrothermal Processing.

References.

8 Catalytic Conversion of Sugars to Fuels (Geoffrey A.Tompsett, Ning Li and George W. Huber).

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Chemistry of Sugars.

8.3 Hydrogen from Sugars.

8.4 Sugar to Light Alkanes.

8.5 Sugars to Oxygenates.

8.6 Sugars to Larger Alkanes.

8.7 Sugar Conversion to Aromatics.

8.8 Conclusions and Summary.

Acknowledgements.

References.

9 Hybrid Processing (DongWon Choi, Alan A. DiSpirito,David C. Chipman and Robert C. Brown).

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Syngas Fermentation.

9.3 Bio-Oil Fermentation.

References.

10 Cost of Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Power andLiquid Fuels (Mark M. Wright and Robert C. Brown).

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 Electric Power Generation.

10.3 Liquid Fuels via Gasification.

10.4 Liquid Fuels via Fast Pyrolysis.

Summary and Conclusions.

References.

Index.