Analysis of Antioxidant–Rich Phytochemicals

Zhimin Xu, PhD, serves as Associate Professor in the Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA. His areas of specialization and research include: extraction, isolation, and characterization of health-promoting (bioactive) compounds in agricultural products; evaluation of stabilities of bioactive compounds during post-harvest treatment, storage, and food processing; utilization of bioactive compounds to improve food quality and value; and food microconstituent analysis using chromatography technology. Luke R. Howard, PhD, serves as Professor in the Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR. His research interests include: fruit and vegetable processing; critical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds from fruit and vegetable processing by-products; and identification and characterization of bioactive compounds in fresh and processed horticultural crops. Dr. Howard is a long-standing member of the Fruit & Vegetable Products Division of the Institute of Food Technologists, having served as its chair in 2003-2004.

Preface vii Contributors ix Chapter 1 Important Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Agricultural Food Products 1 Zhimin Xu Chapter 2 The Procedure, Principle, and Instrumentation of Antioxidant Phytochemical Analysis 25 Brittany White, Lydia Rice, and Luke R. Howard Chapter 3 Analysis Methods of Phenolic Acids 69 Zhimin Xu Chapter 4 Analysis Methods of Carotenoids 105 Rachel E. Kopec, Jessica L. Cooperstone, Morgan J. Cichon, and Steven J. Schwartz Chapter 5 Analysis Methods of Anthocyanins 149 Ronald L. Prior and Xianli Wu Chapter 6 Analysis Methods of Ellagitannins 181 Stephen T. Talcott and Kimberly A. Krenek Chapter 7 Analytical Methods of Flavonols and Flavones 207 Francisco A. Tomas-Barberan and Federico Ferreres Chapter 8 Analysis Methods of Proanthocyanidins 247 Liwei Gu Chapter 9 Analysis Methods of Flavanones 275 G.K. Jayaprakasha, Amit Vikram, and Bhimanagouda S. Patil Chapter 10 Analysis Methods of Phytosterols 313 Laura NystrEUROom Chapter 11 Analysis Methods for Tocopherols and Tocotrienols 353 Robert A. Moreau and Anna-Maija Lampi Index 387