Advances in the Study of Behavior (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in The Study of Behavior, Volume 24 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Preface 12
Chapter 1. Is the Information Center Hypothesis a Flop? 14
I. Introduction 14
II. Colony-Based Group Foraging 20
III. Colonial Lifestyle: Parasitism, Mutual Benefit, or Cooperation 28
IV. A Critical View of Some Predictions of the Hypothesis 34
V. Evaluation of the Empirical Evidence for Information Transfer at the Colony 38
VI. Summary 51
References 52
Chapter 2. Maternal Contributions to Mammalian Reproductive Development and the Divergence of Males and Females 60
I. Introduction 60
II. Adaptation and the Nature of Sex Differences 61
III. Developmental Processes 67
IV. Maternal Contributions to the Development of Reproduction in Mammals 68
V. Maternal Contributions to Offspring Reproductive Success 116
VI. Summary and Conclusions 117
References 119
Chapter 3. Cultural Transmission in the Black Rat: Pine Cone Feeding 132
I. Introduction 132
II. The Ability of Naïve Adult Rats to Learn to Open Cones 139
III. The Contribution of Genetics and/or Early Experience to the Ability of Young Rats to Learn to Open Cones 142
IV. Alteration of the Cones to Motivate and/or Assist the Rats to Learn to Open Them 145
V. Shaving Versus Spiral Method of Opening Pine Cones 148
VI. The Energetics of Pine Cone Opening 153
VII. Opening of Two Types of Cones in Sympatric Populations of Black Rats 157
VIII. Discussion and Conclusions 159
IX. An Afterword 164
X. Summary 164
References 165
Chapter 4. The Behavioral Diversity and Evolution of Guppy, Poecilia reticulata, Populations in Trinidad 168
I. Introduction 168
II. Background 170
III. Adaptive Variation as a Direct Consequence of Risk 172
IV. Indirect Consequences of Predation Risk 180
V. Evolution in the Wild 185
VI. Genetic Divergence of Populations 192
VII. Historical and Stochastic Influences on Behavior 197
VIII. Links between Behavior and Divergence 201
IX. Future Directions 205
X. Summary 207
References 208
Chapter 5. Sociality, Group Size, and Reproductive Suppression among Carnivores 216
I. Introduction 216
II. Aspects of Social Organization 217
III. The Evolution of Social Breeding and Group Size 226
IV. The Evolution of Reproductive Suppression 238
V. Comparative Analyses of Sociality and Reproductive Suppression 241
VI. Phylogenetic Regression Analyses of Sociality, Group Size, and Reproductive Suppression 244
VII. Summary 259
References 260
Chapter 6. Development and Relationships: A Dynamic Model of Communication 272
I. Introduction 272
II. Relationships 277
III. Development 290
IV. Research Implications 297
V. Summary 298
References 299
Chapter 7. Why Do Females Mate with Multiple Males? The Sexually Selected Sperm Hypothesis 304
I. Introduction 304
II. The Sperm Sexual Selection Hypothesis 307
III. Predictions and Evidence 311
IV. Conclusions 318
V. Summary 320
Appendix: Oscillating Evolution of Multiple Sperm Types 321
References 323
Chapter 8. Cognition in Cephalopods 330
I. Introduction 330
II. Background on Cephalopods 332
III. Learning Studies 337
IV. Other Demonstrations of Capacity 348
V. Summary 358
References 359
Index 368
Contents of Previous Volumes 383