Diagnostic Interviewing (eBook)

Michel Hersen, Ph.D., ABPP, is Professor and Dean of the School of Professional Psychology at Pacific University He is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, was awarded a lifetime achievement award from the American Board of Medical Psychotherapists and Psychodiagnosticians, and holds a Diplomate from the American Board of Behavioral Psychology. He is past president of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy. He has written many books and papers, and is the editor of Clinical Case Studies, Clinical Psychology Review, Behavior Modification, Journal of Anxiety Disorders, Aggression and Violent Behavior: A Review Journal, Journal of Family Violence, and The Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. Hersen’s research interests include the assessment and treatment of older adults, single case research, and administration.      Daniel L. Segal received his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the University of Miami in 1992 and completed a post-doctoral fellowship in clinical geropsychology at Nova Southeastern University. He is a Professor and Director of Clinical Training in the Psychology Department at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs (UCCS), having joined the faculty in 1995. His research interests include diagnostic and assessment issues in clinical psychology and clinical geropsychology, suicide prevention and aging, and the expression and impact of personality disorders across the lifespan. He has published over 80 journal articles and book chapters on these topics. His book (with co-authors Frederick L. Coolidge and Erlene Rosowsky) on Personality Disorders and Older Adults: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment was published in 2006. He has also edited two volumes in major reference works: One volume focused on personality assessment (in the Comprehensive Handbook of Psychological Assessment, 2004) and the other examined personality and everyday functioning (in the Comprehensive Handbook of Personality and Psychopathology, 2006). He serves on the editorial boards of two journals (Behavior Modification; Clinical Case Studies), is an Associate Editor for the Clinical Gerontologist, and is a Fellow of the Gerontological Society of America. He received the Outstanding Teacher award from the UCCS College of Liberal Arts and Sciences in 2002 and from the UCCS Campus in 2006. Outside of his professional hours, he can be found playing tennis and golf, and enjoying the company of his wife, daughter, and three cats.

Segal_FM1_O.pdf 1
Anchor 1 5
Anchor 2 9
Segal_Ch01_O.pdf 13
Chapter 1 13
Basic Issues in Interviewing and the Interview Process 13
1.1 .The Impact of the Interview Setting 14
1.1.1 .Emergency and Crisis Settings 14
1.1.2 .Outpatient Mental Health Settings 15
1.1.3 .Medical Settings 16
1.1.4 .Jail, Prison, and Courthouse Settings 17
1.2 .Confidentiality 18
1.2.1 .Age 18
1.2.2 .Confidentiality of Records 19
1.2.3 .Duty to Warn and Protect 19
1.2.4 .Managing the Temptation to Discuss Cases 20
1.3 .Interviewing Basics 21
1.3.1 .Establishing Rapport 21
1.3.2 .Being Empathic 21
1.3.3 .Using Reflection 22
1.3.4 .Paying Attention to Language and Avoiding Jargon 23
1.3.5 .Using Humor 23
1.3.6 .Responding to Questions from Clients and Managing Self-Disclosure 24
1.4 .Diversity and the Interviewing Process 25
1.4.1 .Impact of Diversity on the Therapeutic Relationship 25
1.4.2 .Impact of Diversity on Clinical Diagnosis 26
1.5 .Issues Specific to Emerging Professionals 28
1.6 .Clinical Interviewing Dos and Don’ts 31
References 32
Segal_Ch02_O.pdf 34
Chapter 2 34
Interviewing Strategies, Rapport, and Empathy 34
2.1 .Introduction 34
2.2 .Technical Skills 34
2.2.1 .Unstructured Approaches to Interviewing 35
2.2.2 .Structured Approaches to Interviewing 36
2.2.2.1 .Highly Structured Interview Formats 39
.Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-IV 39
2.2.2.2 .Semistructured Interview Formats 40
.Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia 40
.Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV 41
2.2.2.3 .Summary of Specific Interview Formats 42
2.3 .Interpersonal Skills 43
2.3.1 .Rapport 43
2.3.2 .Empathy 44
2.4 .Summary and Recommendations 45
References 46
Segal_Ch03_O.pdf 49
Chapter 3 49
Presenting Problem, History of Presenting Problem, and Social History 49
3.1 .Presenting Problem 49
3.2 .History of Presenting Problem 53
3.3 .Social History 55
3.3.1 .Developmental Milestones 56
3.3.2 .Family of Origin History 57
3.3.3 .Educational History 58
3.3.4 .Social and Sexual Functioning 59
3.3.5 .Vocational History 60
3.3.6 .Diversity 61
3.3.7 .Legal History 62
3.3.8 .Trauma and Abuse History 63
3.3.9 .Substance Use History 64
3.3.10 .Medical History 65
3.3.11 .Technique 66
3.4 .Conclusion 68
3.5 .Summary 68
References 68
Segal_Ch04_O.pdf 70
Chapter 4 70
Mental Status Examination 70
4.1 .Introduction 70
4.2 .Age and Cultural Considerations 71
4.3 .Physical 73
4.3.1 .Appearance 73
4.3.2 .Behavior 75
4.3.3 .Motor Activity 76
4.4 .Emotional 78
4.4.1 .Attitude 78
4.4.2 .Mood and Affect 79
4.4.3 .Speech and Language 82
4.4.4 .Thought and Perception 84
4.4.5 .Insight and Judgment 88
4.5 .Cognitive 89
4.5.1 .Orientation 89
4.5.2 .Attention/Concentration 90
4.5.3 .Memory 92
4.5.4 .Intelligence and Abstraction 94
4.5.5 .Summary 95
References 96
Segal_Ch05_O.pdf 98
Chapter 5 98
Dealing with Defenses and Defensiveness in Interviews 98
5.1 .Dealing with Defensiveness 98
5.2 .Understanding Client Defensiveness 99
5.2.1 .Identifying and Classifying Defensive Behaviors 99
5.2.2 .The Meaning of Defensiveness 99
5.2.3 .The Value of Self-Protection 100
5.3 .Common Reasons for Client Defensiveness 101
5.3.1 .The Stigma of Seeking Help 101
5.3.2 .The Threat of Betrayal 101
5.3.3 .The Threat of Change 102
5.3.4 .The Threat of Relinquishing a Solution 102
5.3.5 .The Threat of Acknowledging Responsibility for a Problem 103
5.4 .Constructive Responses to Client Defensiveness 103
5.4.1 .Prevention of Defensiveness 104
5.4.1.1 .Do Not Move Prematurely into a Goal-Directed Stance 105
5.4.1.2 .Continually Monitor the Quality of the Interaction and Relationship with the Client 106
5.4.1.3 .Recognize the Legitimacy of Perceived Threats 107
5.4.1.4 .Anticipate Potential Threats 107
5.4.2 .Responding to Defensive Reactions 107
5.4.2.1 .Do Nothing 108
5.4.2.2 .Align with the Protective Function 109
5.4.2.3 .Discuss the Defensive Behavior Directly 109
5.5 .Summary 110
References 111
Segal_Ch06_O.pdf 112
Chapter 6 112
Consideration of Neuropsychological Factors in Interviewing 112
6.1 .Factors That Might Suggest to Any Psychologist That Cognitive or Brain Dysfunction Is Occurring and the Need for a Neur 112
6.2 .Clinical Neuropsychological Interviewing 117
6.2.1 .Introduction 117
6.2.2 .Standard Areas to Cover in a Neuropsychological Assessment Interview 118
6.2.3 .The Interview Process 122
6.2.4 .Reason for Referral 125
6.2.5 .Traumatic Brain Injuries 128
6.2.6 .Dementia 129
6.3 .Conclusion 132
References 133
Segal_Ch07_O.pdf 134
Chapter 7 134
Anxiety Disorders 134
7.1 .Description of the Disorders 134
7.1.1 .Disorders Typically Characterized by a Fear-Based Response 137
7.1.2 .Disorders Primarily Characterized by an Anxious Response 139
7.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 140
7.3 .Case Illustrations 142
7.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 144
7.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 147
7.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Ethnicity, and Age 149
7.6.1 .Sex 149
7.6.2 .Age 149
7.6.3 .Race, Ethnicity, and Culture 151
7.6.4 .Additional Demographic Factors 153
7.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 153
7.8 .Summary 155
References 155
Segal_Ch08_O.pdf 161
Chapter 8 161
Mood Disorders 161
8.1 .Description of the Disorders 161
8.1.1 .Unipolar Disorders 162
8.1.2 .Bipolar Disorders 164
8.1.3 .Mood Disorder Characterized by Etiology 167
8.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 167
8.3 .Case Illustrations 170
8.3.1 .Older Adult with Longstanding Bipolar Disorder 170
8.3.2 .Minority Older Adult with Major Depressive Disorder 171
8.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 173
8.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 173
8.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 175
8.6.1 .Rapport Building and Education about the Assessment Process 175
8.6.2 .Use of Standardized Diagnostic Tools 176
8.6.3 .Supplementing Standardized Assessment with a Cultural Formulation 177
8.6.4 .Biopsychosocial Assessment 178
8.6.5 .Adjusting Assessment Procedures 178
8.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 179
8.7.1 .Differential Diagnosis of Unipolar and Bipolar Disorders Using DSM-IV Criteria 179
8.7.2 .Use of Specifiers 179
8.8 .Dos and Don’ts 181
References 182
Segal_Ch09_O.pdf 185
Chapter 9 185
Schizophrenia 185
9.1 .Description of the Disorder 185
9.1.1 .Prevalence, Etiology, and Course 186
9.1.2 .Characteristic Symptoms and Associated Features 186
9.1.3 .Positive Symptoms 187
9.1.4 .Negative Symptoms 188
9.1.5 .Associated Features 189
9.1.6 .Treatments and Outcomes 189
9.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 189
9.3 .Case Illustrations 190
9.3.1 .Hallucinations and Delusions 192
9.3.2 .Disorganized Speech 193
9.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 194
9.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 194
9.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 195
9.7 .Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 196
9.7.1 .Criterion A: Characteristic Symptoms 196
9.7.2 .Criterion B: Social/Occupational Dysfunction 197
9.7.3 .Criterion C: Duration 198
9.7.4 .Rule Outs and Differential Diagnosis 198
9.7.5 .Barriers to Gathering Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 201
9.8 .Dos and Don’ts 204
9.9 .Summary 205
References 206
Segal_Ch10_O.pdf 209
Chapter 10 209
Personality Disorders 209
10.1 .Descriptions of the Disorders 209
10.1.1 .Paranoid PD 210
10.1.2 .Schizoid PD 211
10.1.3 .Schizotypal PD 211
10.1.4 .Antisocial PD 212
10.1.5 .Borderline PD 212
10.1.6 .Histrionic PD 213
10.1.7 .Narcissistic PD 213
10.1.8 .Avoidant PD 214
10.1.9 .Dependent PD 214
10.1.10 .Obsessive-Compulsive PD 215
10.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 215
10.2.1 .Self-Report Methods 216
10.2.1.1 .Self-Report Inventories 217
10.2.1.2 .Clinical Interviews 217
10.2.2 .Informant Data 218
10.2.3 .Written Records 219
10.2.4 .Clinical Opinion 219
10.2.5 .The Complete Assessment 220
10.3 .Case Illustrations 220
10.3.1 .Paranoid PD 220
10.3.2 .Schizoid PD 221
10.3.3 .Schizotypal PD 221
10.3.4 .Antisocial PD 221
10.3.5 .Borderline PD 222
10.3.6 .Histrionic PD 222
10.3.7 .Narcissistic PD 222
10.3.8 .Avoidant PD 223
10.3.9 .Dependent PD 223
10.3.10 .Obsessive-Compulsive PD 224
10.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 224
10.4.1 .A General Trait-Based Measure 226
10.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 226
10.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 227
10.7 .Information Critical To Make a Diagnosis 228
10.8 .Dos and Don’ts 230
10.9 .Summary 231
References 232
Segal_Ch11_O.pdf 235
Chapter 11 235
Alcohol Problems 235
11.1 .Description of the Disorder 235
11.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 237
11.2.1 .Routine Screening for Alcohol Problems 237
11.2.2 .Approaches to Screening 238
11.2.2.1 .Interview Methods 238
11.2.2.2 .Self-Completion Questionnaires 240
11.2.2.3 .Laboratory Markers 242
11.3 .Case Illustration 242
11.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 243
11.4.1 .Diagnosis 243
11.4.2 .Assessment 245
11.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 249
11.5.1 .Diagnostic Interviews 249
11.5.2 .Assessment Interviews 250
11.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 251
11.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 252
11.8 .Dos and Don’ts 253
11.9 .Summary 254
References 254
Chapter 12 1
Drug Abuse 1
12.1 .Description of the Disorder or Problem 1
12.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 1
12.2.1 .Screening 1
12.2.2 .Categorical Diagnosis 1
12.2.2.1 .Substance Use 1
12.2.2.2 .Psychiatric Comorbidity 1
12.2.3 .Dimensional Assessment 1
12.2.3.1 .Treatment Response 1
12.3 .Case Illustration 1
12.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 1
12.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 1
12.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 1
12.6.1 .Race and Ethnicity 1
12.6.2 .Gender Differences 1
12.6.3 .Age 1
12.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 1
12.8 .Dos and Don’ts 1
12.8.1 .Do 1
12.8.2 .Don’t 1
12.9 .Summary 1
References 1
Segal_Ch13_O.pdf 289
Chapter 13 289
Sexual Dysfunctions and Deviations 289
13.1 .Description of the Disorders 289
13.1.1 .Sexual Dysfunctions 289
13.1.2 .Paraphilias 292
13.1.3 .Gender Identity Disorder 292
13.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 293
13.2.1 .Sexual Dysfunctions 293
13.2.2 .Paraphilias 294
13.3 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 295
13.3.1 .Sexual Dysfunctions 295
13.3.1.1 .General Sexual Function Measures Applicable to Men, Women, and/or Couples 295
13.3.1.2 .Measures Applicable to Couples and/or to Clients in Relationships Who Present Alone 296
13.3.1.3 .Measures Applicable to Women: General Sexual Function 297
13.3.1.4 .Measures Applicable to Men: General Sexual Function 298
13.3.1.5 .Dysfunction-Specific Measures for Men and/or Women 298
13.3.2 .Paraphilias 301
13.3.2.1 .Questionnaires 301
13.3.2.2 .Measure of Behavioral History for Pedophiles 302
13.3.2.3 .Viewing Time 302
13.3.2.4 .Phallometry 303
13.3.2.5 .Assessing Antisocial Tendencies 303
13.3.2.6 .Evaluating Denial 304
13.3.2.7 .Measuring Cognitions Related to Sexual Offending 304
13.3.2.8 .Examining Self-Regulation 304
13.3.2.9 .Risk Assessment 304
13.4 .Standardized Interview Formats 305
13.4.1 .Sexual Dysfunctions and Paraphilias 305
13.5 .Case Illustrations 306
13.5.1 .Case 1 306
13.5.1.1 .Background Information 306
13.5.1.2 .Psychometric Testing 307
13.5.1.3 .Treatment Plan 308
13.5.2 .Case 2 308
13.5.2.1 .Background Information 308
13.5.2.2 .Psychometric Testing 310
13.5.2.3 .Phallometric Testing 310
13.5.2.4 .Risk Evaluation 310
13.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 311
13.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 311
13.8 .Dos and Don’ts 312
13.8.1 .Dos 312
13.8.2 .Don’ts 312
13.9 .Summary 313
References 313
Chapter 14 1
Eating Disorders 1
14.1 .Description of the Disorders 1
14.1.1 .Anorexia Nervosa 1
14.1.2 .Bulimia Nervosa 1
14.1.3 .Binge Eating Disorder 1
14.1.4 .Overview of Conditions 1
14.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 1
14.3 .Case Illustrations 1
14.3.1 .Case 1 1
14.3.2 .Case 2 1
14.4 .Standardized Interview Formats 1
14.5 .Information Critical to Making the Diagnosis 1
14.5.1 .Medical and Physical Status 1
14.5.2 .Who Wants the Treatment? 1
14.5.3 .Behavior 1
14.5.4 .Cognitive and Emotional Factors 1
14.5.5 .Familial Factors 1
14.5.6 .Social Factors 1
14.5.7 .Racial Differences 1
14.5.8 .Gender Differences 1
14.5.9 .Physiological Factors 1
14.6 .Dos and Don’ts 1
14.7 .Summary 1
References 1
Segal_Ch15_O.pdf 348
Chapter 15 348
Psychophysiological Disorders 348
15.1 .Chronic Pain (Excluding Headache) 349
15.1.1 .Description of the Disorder 349
15.1.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 350
15.1.2.1 .Assessment of Pain (Intensity, Quality, Location, Duration) 351
15.1.2.2 .Pain Intensity 351
15.1.2.3 .Pain Quality 351
15.1.2.4 .Pain Location and Temporal Characteristics 351
15.1.3 .Pain-Related Suffering 352
15.1.4 .Pain Behaviors 352
15.1.5 .Case Illustration 353
15.1.6 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 355
15.1.7 .Standardized Interview Formats 355
15.1.8 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 355
15.1.9 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 355
15.2 .Insomnia 356
15.2.1 .Description of the Disorder 356
15.2.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 357
15.2.3 .Case Illustration 358
15.2.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 359
15.2.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 359
15.2.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 360
15.2.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 360
15.3 .Headache 361
15.3.1 .Description of the Disorder 361
15.3.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 362
15.3.3 .Case Illustration 362
15.3.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 363
15.3.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 364
15.3.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 364
15.3.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 364
15.4 .Hypertension 365
15.4.1 .Description of the Disorder 365
15.4.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 365
15.4.3 .Case Illustration 366
15.4.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 367
15.4.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 367
15.4.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 368
15.4.7 .Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 368
15.5 .Dos and Don’ts 368
15.5.1 .General Caveats and Guidelines 368
15.5.2 .Specific Dos and Don’ts 369
15.6 .Summary 370
References 370
Segal_Ch16_O.pdf 375
Chapter 16 375
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 375
16.1 .Description of the Disorder 375
16.1.1 .What is Trauma? 375
16.1.2 .What is PTSD? 376
16.1.3 .Prevalence 377
16.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 378
16.3 .Case Illustrations 380
16.3.1 .Sexual Assault Survivor 380
16.3.2 .Combat Veteran 381
16.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 382
16.4.1 .Interviews 383
16.4.2 .Semistructured Interviews 384
16.4.2.1 .General Interviews 384
16.4.2.2 .PTSD Specific Interviews 385
16.4.3 .Self-Report Measures 387
16.5 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity and Age 389
16.5.1 .Race and Culture 389
16.5.2 .Gender 390
16.5.3 .Socioeconomic Status and Education 392
16.5.4 .Age 392
16.6 .Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 393
16.7 .Dos and Don’ts 394
16.8 .Summary 396
References 396
Segal_Ch17_O.pdf 400
Chapter 17 400
Marital Dyads 400
17.1 .Description of the Population 400
17.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 403
17.2.1 .A Guiding Framework: The Seven Cs 403
17.2.2 .Methods of Gathering Information 403
17.3 .Case Illustration 406
17.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 412
17.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 413
17.5.1 .Initial Interview 414
17.5.2 .Session Two 415
17.5.3 .Session Three 416
17.5.4 .Session Four 417
17.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 418
17.7 .Information Critical to Making the Diagnosis 419
17.8 .Dos and Don’ts 420
17.9 .Summary 421
References 422
Segal_Ch18_O.pdf 425
Chapter 18 425
Children 425
18.1 .Description of the Population 425
18.1.1 .Differences Between Adults and Children 425
18.2 .Procedures for Gathering Information 426
18.2.1 .Using the Referral Question 426
18.2.2 .Who to Meet With 427
18.2.3 .General Interview Guidelines 428
18.2.4 .Direct Observations 429
18.2.5 .Additional Assessment 429
18.3 .Case Illustration 430
18.4 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 433
18.5 .Standardized Interview Formats 435
18.5.1 .Structured Interviews 435
18.5.1.1 .The DISC-IV 435
18.5.1.2 .CAPA 436
18.5.1.3 .ChIPS 437
18.5.2 .Semistructured Interviews 437
18.5.2.1 .ISCA 437
18.5.2.2 .K-SADS 438
18.5.2.3 .DICA-R 438
18.6 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 439
18.7 .Information Critical to Diagnosing 440
18.8 .Dos and Don’ts 441
18.9 .Summary 441
References 441
Segal_Ch19_O.pdf 444
Chapter 19 444
Sexually and Physically Abused Children 444
19.1 .Description of the Population 444
19.2 .Professional Issues in Forensic and Clinical Interviewing 445
19.3 .Procedures for Gathering Information 446
19.3.1 .The Forensic Interview 446
19.3.2 .The Clinical or Diagnostic Interview 447
19.4 .Case Illustrations 448
19.4.1 .The Forensic Interview 449
19.4.2 .The Clinical Interview 451
19.5 .Recommendations for Formal Assessment 453
19.5.1 .The Forensic Interview 453
19.5.2 .The Clinical or Diagnostic Interview 456
19.6 .Standardized Interview Formats 458
19.6.1 .The Forensic Interview 458
19.6.2 .The Clinical or Diagnostic Interview 460
19.7 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity and Age on Forensic and Clinical Interviews 460
19.7.1 .Race, Culture, and Diversity 460
19.7.2 .Developmental Considerations 462
19.8 .Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 462
19.9 .Dos and Don’ts 463
19.10 .Summary 463
References 464
Chapter 20 1
Older Adults 1
20.1 .Introduction 1
20.2 .Description of the Population 1
20.3 .Procedures for Gathering Information 1
20.3.1 .Multimethod Assessment: Minimizing Threats to Validity 1
20.3.2 .Clinical Interview 1
20.3.3 .Structured Interviews 1
20.3.4 .Mental Status Examination 1
20.3.5 .Functional Assessment 1
20.3.6 .Behavioral Observations 1
20.3.7 .Review of Records 1
20.3.7.1 .Psychosocial History 1
20.3.7.2 .Consideration of Medical History 1
20.3.7.3 .Consideration of Laboratory Test Results 1
20.4 .Case Illustration 1
20.5 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 1
20.6 .Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 1
20.6.1 .Consideration of Medical Conditions 1
20.6.2 .Consideration of Medication Effects 1
20.6.3 .Interaction of Cognitive Impairment and Mental Disorder 1
20.6.4 .Classification Issues 1
20.7 .Dos and Don’ts 1
20.7.1 .Ageism 1
20.7.2 .Sensory Processes 1
20.7.3 .Memory and Cognitive Abilities 1
20.7.4 .Circadian Issues 1
20.7.5 .Cohort Issues 1
20.8 .Summary 1
References 1
Segal_Ch21_O.pdf 496
Chapter 21 496
Interviewing in Health Psychology and Medical Settings 496
21.1 .Introduction 496
21.2 .Medical Settings and Populations 497
21.3 .Procedures for Gathering Information 501
21.3.1 .Chart Review 501
21.3.2 .Clinical Interview 501
21.4 .Case Examples 504
21.4.1 .Case #1: The Rehabilitation Patient 504
21.4.1.1 .Chart Review 504
21.4.1.2 .Clinical Interview 504
21.4.2 .Case #2: The Primary Care Patient 506
21.4.2.1 .Chart Review 507
21.4.2.2 .Clinical Interview 507
21.5 .Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 509
21.6 .Information Critical to Making a Psychiatric Diagnosis 511
21.7 .Dos and Don’ts 513
21.8 .Summary 515
References 516
Chapter 12 258
Drug Abuse 258
12.1 Description of the Disorder or Problem 258
12.2 Procedures for Gathering Information 261
12.2.1 Screening 261
12.2.2 Categorical Diagnosis 262
12.2.2.1 Substance Use 262
12.2.2.2 Psychiatric Comorbidity 262
12.2.3 Dimensional Assessment 263
12.2.3.1 Treatment Response 264
12.3 Case Illustration 264
12.4 Recommendations for Formal Assessment 266
12.5 Standardized Interview Formats 275
12.6 Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 277
12.6.1 Race and Ethnicity 277
12.6.2 Gender Differences 278
12.6.3 Age 279
12.7 Information Critical to Making a Diagnosis 280
12.8 Dos and Don’ts 281
12.8.1 Do 281
12.8.2 Don’t 281
12.9 Summary 281
References 282
Chapter 14 320
Eating Disorders 320
14.1 Description of the Disorders 320
14.1.1 Anorexia Nervosa 321
14.1.2 Bulimia Nervosa 322
14.1.3 Binge Eating Disorder 324
14.1.4 Overview of Conditions 325
14.2 Procedures for Gathering Information 326
14.3 Case Illustrations 327
14.3.1 Case 1 327
14.3.2 Case 2 329
14.4 Standardized Interview Formats 330
14.5 Information Critical to Making the Diagnosis 332
14.5.1 Medical and Physical Status 333
14.5.2 Who Wants the Treatment? 333
14.5.3 Behavior 334
14.5.4 Cognitive and Emotional Factors 334
14.5.5 Familial Factors 336
14.5.6 Social Factors 336
14.5.7 Racial Differences 337
14.5.8 Gender Differences 339
14.5.9 Physiological Factors 339
14.6 Dos and Don’ts 340
14.7 Summary 342
References 342
Chapter 20 468
Older Adults 468
20.1 Introduction 468
20.2 Description of the Population 468
20.3 Procedures for Gathering Information 469
20.3.1 Multimethod Assessment: Minimizing Threats to Validity 469
20.3.2 Clinical Interview 469
20.3.3 Structured Interviews 470
20.3.4 Mental Status Examination 473
20.3.5 Functional Assessment 474
20.3.6 Behavioral Observations 474
20.3.7 Review of Records 475
20.3.7.1 Psychosocial History 475
20.3.7.2 Consideration of Medical History 476
20.3.7.3 Consideration of Laboratory Test Results 476
20.4 Case Illustration 477
20.5 Impact of Race, Culture, Diversity, and Age 479
20.6 Information Critical to Make a Diagnosis 480
20.6.1 Consideration of Medical Conditions 480
20.6.2 Consideration of Medication Effects 480
20.6.3 Interaction of Cognitive Impairment and Mental Disorder 481
20.6.4 Classification Issues 482
20.7 Dos and Don’ts 484
20.7.1 Ageism 484
20.7.2 Sensory Processes 485
20.7.3 Memory and Cognitive Abilities 487
20.7.4 Circadian Issues 487
20.7.5 Cohort Issues 488
20.8 Summary 488
References 489