National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH (eBook)

Foreword 6
Contents 8
Contributors 12
Microbiology: Virology 22
The Evolution of Gammaretrovirus Restriction Factors in the Mouse 23
Herpesvirus Research at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Thirty Years of Progress 32
Why Study Mouse Retroviruses? 45
Functions of the Rotavirus RNA Polymerase in Virus Replication 49
Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1, Cellular Transformation, and Adult T- Cell Leukemia 59
Microbiology: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) 68
Roles for Chemokine Receptors in HIV Pathogenesis 69
HIV-1 Accessory Proteins: Crucial Elements for Virus- Host Interactions 74
Microbiology: Bacteriology 87
Exploring the Cause of Human Q Fever: Recent Advances in Coxiella burnetii Research 88
Plague in the 21st Century: Global Public Health Challenges and Goals 99
Molecular Biology of Staphylococcal Pathogenesis 107
Investigations of Relapsing Fever at Home and Abroad 112
Molecular Sleuthing with the Lyme Disease Agent 118
Modeling of Acute Respiratory Melioidosis and Glanders 127
Microbiology: Mycology 131
Cryptococcosis: From Discovering the Natural Reservoir of its Etiology to the Genetic Manipulation of Cryptococcus neoformans: Milestones in Cryptococcal Research by Intramural Investigators at NIAID 132
Microbiology: Parasitology 144
Lessons from Parasites on CD4+ T-Cell Subset Differentiation and Function 145
Molecular Aspects of Parasite – Vector Interactions In Leishmaniasis 151
Microbiology: Malaria 158
Mosquito Strategies Against Plasmodium: A Tale of Restrained Response and Immune Evasion 159
The Plasmodial Surface Anion Channel: A Model Microbial Ion Channel and Target for Antimalarial Drug Development 166
Genomics and Genetics of Drug Resistance and Regulation of Malaria Parasite Development 173
Immunology: Cellular Immunology 180
Modulation of Human Dendritic Cells by Highly Virulent Pathogens 181
Making Friends in Out-of-the- Way Places: How Cells of the Immune System Get Together and How They Conduct Their Business as Revealed by Intravital Imaging 186
Role of Regulatory/Suppressor T Cells in Immune Responses 204
Proliferation versus Contraction of Immune Cells, the Non-Apoptotic Role of Caspase 8 In Immune Homeostasis 215
Features of Plasma Cell-Related Neoplasms in Mice 221
A Role of IRF8 in Transcriptional Control of B-Cell Development 231
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology 242
Immunology: The Role of Receptors 247
Structure and Function of Immunoreceptors 248
Role of the NKG2D Receptor in Health and Disease 257
Allergy 270
G-Protein-Evoked Signaling Mechanisms in Asthma and Allergic Disease 271
Mast Cell Precursors and Signaling Pathways 276
Clinical Medicine: Infectious Diseases 289
Prion Biochemistry and Therapeutics 290
Neutrophils in the Resolution of Infection 295
Reactive Oxidant-Dependent Innate Immune Defenses of the Airway Epithelium: The Dual Oxidase- Lactoperoxidase- Thiocyanate System 301
Chronic Granulomatous Disease: From Lethal Pediatric Mystery to Complex Chronic Disease 309
Pneumonia Virus of Mice (PVM): Exploring Novel Therapeutic Options In a Severe Respiratory Disease Model 343
The 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Pathology and Pathogenesis 350
Clinical Medicine: Autoimmune Diseases 358
Mind Your Xs and Ys: Genetics of the Autoimmune Disease Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 359
A Bench-to-Bedside Trail of Research Leading to the Understanding and Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis 365
Clinical Medicine: Vaccines 372
Structural Biology and the Design of Effective Vaccines for HIV- 1 and Other Viruses 373
How Do You Say “B-Cell Biology” In “Vaccinology”: Translational Research In the NIAID 389
Malaria Vaccine Development 394
The Development of Live-Attenuated Vaccines for Pandemic Influenza 408
Targeting the Messenger: Vector-Based Vaccines to Control Leishmania Infection and Transmission 416
Index 422