Schools and Society

Jeanne H. Ballantine is Emerita Professor of Sociology at Wright State University, a state university of about 17,000 students in Ohio. She has also taught at several 4-year colleges, including an “alternative” college and a traditionally Black college, and at international programs in universities abroad. She has been teaching introductory sociology for more than 30 years with a mission to introduce the uninitiated to the field and to help students see the usefulness and value in sociology. She has been active in the teaching movement, shaping curriculum, writing and presenting research on teaching, and offering workshops and consulting in regional, national, and international forums. She is a Fulbright Senior Scholar and serves as a Departmental Resources Group consultant and evaluator.   Jeanne has written several textbooks, all with the goal of reaching the student audience. As the original director of the Center for Teaching and Learning at Wright State University, she scoured the literature on student learning and served as a mentor to teachers in a wide variety of disciplines. Local, regional, and national organizations have honored her for her teaching and for her contributions to helping others become effective teachers. In 1986, the American Sociological Association’s Section on Undergraduate Education (now called the Section on Teaching and Learning in Sociology) recognized her with the Hans O. Mauksch Award for Distinguished Contributions to Teaching of Sociology. In 2004, she was honored by the American Sociological Association with its Distinguished Contributions to Teaching Award. In 2010, the North Central Sociological Association awarded her the J. Milton Yinger Award for Distinguished Career in Sociology. Joan Z. Spade is Professor Emerita of sociology at The College at Brockport, State University of New York. She received her PhD from the University at Buffalo, State University of New York; her MA from the University of Rochester; and her BA from the State University of New York at Geneseo. In addition to courses on gender, Joan taught courses on education, family, research methods, and statistics. She published articles on rape culture in college fraternities and on work and family, including women’s and men’s orientations toward work. She has also coedited two books on education and published articles on education, including research on tracking, and gender and education. Joan was active in Sociologists for Women in Society, Eastern Sociological Society, and the American Sociological Association. In addition to visiting children and grandchildren with her significant other, she enjoys RVing, music and the arts, travel, and being outdoors.

Introduction
CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY OF EDUCATION? THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
1. Getting Started: Understanding Education Through Sociological Theory - Jeanne H. Ballantine and Joan Z. Spade
2. Moral Education - Emile Durkheim
3. The School Class as a Social System - Talcott Parsons
4. Schooling in Capitalist Societies - Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis
5. Conflict Theory of Educational Stratification - Randall Collins
6. On Understanding the Processes of Schooling: The Contributions of Labeling Theory - Ray Rist
CHAPTER 2: Studying Schools: Research Methods in Education
7. Small Class Size and Its Effects - Bruce J. Biddle and David C. Berliner
8. Moments of Social Inclusion and Exclusion: Race, Class, and Cultural Capital in Family–School Relationships - Annette Lareau and Erin McNamara Horvat
9. How to Avoid Statistical Traps - Gerald W. Bracey
CHAPTER 3: SCHOOLING IN A SOCIAL CONTEXT: EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS
10. The Structure of Educational Organizations - John W. Meyer and Brian Rowan
11. No Child Left Behind--and Beyond: The Federal Government Gets Serious About Accountability - Kathryn M. Borman and Bridget A. Cotner
12. Exit Exams Harm Students Who Fail Them – and Don’t Benefit Students who Pass Them - John Robert Warren and Eric Grodsky
13. School Finance: Raising Questions for Urban Schools - Augustina H. Reyes and Gloria M. Rodriquez
14. Lasting Consequences of the Summer Learning Gap - Karl L. Alexander, Doris R. Entwisle, and Linda Steffel Olson
15. The First and Second Digital Divides - Paul Attewell
CHAPTER 4: SCHOOLS AS ORGANIZATIONS: FORMAL AND INFORMAL EDUCATION
16. How Schools Work - Rebecca Barr and Robert Dreeben
17. Organizing Schools for Improvement - Anthony S. Bryk
18. School Boards in America: Flawed, but Still Significant - Gene I. Maeroff
19. Learning the Student Role: Kindergarten as Academic Boot Camp - Harry L. Gracey
20. Real School: The Universal Drama Amid Disparate Experience - Mary Haywood Metz
21. Why Public Schools Need Democratic Governance - Diane Ravitch
CHAPTER 5: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES: ADMINISTRATORS, TEACHERS, AND STUDENTS
22. School Principal: Complications and Complexities - Dan C. Lortie
23. The Status of Teaching as a Profession - Richard M. Ingersoll and Elizabeth Merrill
24. Teacher Burnout in Light of School Safety, Student Misbehavior, and Changing Accountability Standards - Anthony Gary Dworkin and Pamela F. Tobe
25. Teacher Influences on Students’ Attachment to School - Maureen T. Hallinan
26. After the Bell: Participation in Extracurricular Activities, Classroom Behavior, and Academic Achievement - Elizabeth Covay and William Carbonaro
27. Low-Level Violence: A Neglected Aspect of School Culture - David R. Dupper and Nancy Meyer-Adams
28. The Dropout Problem: Losing Ground - Paul E. Barton
CHAPTER 6: WHAT WE TEACH IN SCHOOLS: KNOWLEDGE FOR WHAT AND WHOM?
29. Romeo and Juliet Were Just Good Friends - Joan DelFattore
30. America in World War II: An Analysis of History Textbooks From England, Japan, Sweden, and the United States - Stuart Foster and Jason Nicholls
31. Facts or Critical Thinking Skills? What the NAEP Results Say - Harold Wenglinsky
CHAPTER 7: WHO GETS AHEAD? RACE, CLASS AND GENDER IN EDUCATION
32. Schools: The Great Equalizer and the Key to the American Dream - Heather Beth Johnson
33. Tracking in Mathematics and Science: Courses and Course Selection Procedures - Joan Z. Spade, Lynn Columba, and Beth E. Vanfossen
34. “Tuck in That Shirt!” Race, Class, Gender and Discipline in an Urban School - Edward W. Morris
35. “Rednecks” and “Rutters” and ‘Rithmetic: Social Class, Masculinity and Schooling in a Rural Context - Edward W. Morris
36. How Race and Education Are Related - Caroline Hodges Persell
37. Gender and Education - Roslyn Arlin Mickelson
CHAPTER 8: EDUCATION AND OPPORTUNITY: ATTEMPTS TOWARD EQUALITY AND EQUITY IN EDUCATION
38. Lessons Forgotten - Gary Orfield
39. Learning Through Experience: What Graduates Gained by Attending Desegregated High Schools - Jennifer Jellison Holme, Amy Stuart Wells, and Anita Tijerina Revilla
40. Charter Schools and the Public Good - Linda A. Renzulli and Vincent J. Roscigno
41. Organizing for Success: From Inequality to Quality - Linda Darling-Hammond
42. The Achievement Gap: A Broader Picture - Richard Rothstein
43. Can Schooling Contribute to a More Just Society? - Michael W. Apple
CHAPTER 9: HIGHER EDUCATION
44. The Stratification of the Academy - Zelda F. Gamson
45. Changes in the Status and Functions of Women’s Colleges Over Time - Leslie Miller-Bernal
46. The Community College: The Impact, Origin, and Future of a Contradictory Institution - Kevin J. Dougherty
47. Crossing the Finish Line: Completing College at America’s Public Universities - William G. Bowen, Matthew M. Chingos, and Michael S. McPherson
48. Achievement Among Disadvantaged Children of Immigrants - Alejandro Portes and Patricia Ferna?ndez-Kelly
49. Bologna Beyond 2010: Looking Backward, Looking Forward - Fiona Hunter
CHAPTER 10: GLOBALIZATION AND EDUCATION: COMPARING EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS:
50. Research on Globalization and Education - Joel Spring
51. The Global Environment of National School Systems - David P. Baker and Gerald K. LeTendre
52. Education and Social Stratification Processes in Comparative Perspective: School to Work - Alan C. Kerckhoff
53. Inexcusable Absence: Who Are the Out-of-School Girls--and What Can Be Done to Get Them In School? - Maureen A. Lewis and Marlaine E. Lockheed
54. Educating All Children: A Global Agenda - Joel E. Cohen, David E. Bloom and Martin B. Malin
CHAPTER 11: CAN SCHOOLS CHANGE? EDUCATIONAL REFORM AND CHANGE
55. The Perennial Reform: Fixing School Time - Larry Cuban
56. Wider Contexts and Future Issues: National Standards and School Reform in Japan and the United States - Thomas P. Rohlen
57. Progressive Social Movements and Educational Equity - Jean Anyon
58. Deschooling Society - Ivan Illich
Concluding Remarks
Appendix: Web Resources for Continued Exploration of the Topics in This Book