The Histories of Polybius (eBook)

Polybius (c. 200 – c. 118 BCE), an ancient Greek historian, was born into a highly placed family in Megalopolis, in the Peloponnese, and played an active role in the political arena of his time. Through personal experience and a robust network of acquaintances within the echelons of power, he became uniquely positioned to write with authority on the Mediterranean world's historical events. His work, 'The Histories of Polybius' is considered one of the most important sources for understanding the rise of the Roman Empire and the Hellenistic period. Polybius's methodological approach to history was critical and analytical, and he placed great emphasis on eyewitness accounts and first-hand information, intending to provide a rational explanation for the events he described. He held a pragmatic view of history, which he saw as a source of practical lessons on governance and statecraft. Notably, 'The Histories' are recognized for detailing the Roman constitution's structure and the concept of the 'checks and balances' system, which has influenced many subsequent governmental frameworks. In literary circles, Polybius is regarded for his earnest endeavor to write a factual and detailed account, avoiding the sensationalism and dramatic embellishments characteristic of some of his contemporaries. Though only a portion of his forty-volume historical epic survives, what remains offers vivid insights into the ancient world, underlining Polybius's enduring significance as a cardinal figure in classical historiography.