Web Services, Service-Oriented Architectures, and Cloud Computing (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures: The Savvy Manager's Guide 2
Copyright Page 3
Contents 10
Foreword 6
Introduction 18
Business Opportunities Addressed 19
Structure of This Book 19
Part I: Service - Oriented Architecture Overview 20
Chapter 1. A Business Trip in the Not-Too-Distant Future 22
The Business Trip 22
Summary 25
Chapter 2. Information Technology Used in This Trip 26
Keeping Track of All Customer Contacts in an Online Repository 26
Obtaining Company Contact Information from an External CRM Service 28
Online Calendar Services 29
Changing from One Online Calendar Service to Another 30
Getting Updates on Clients to Be Visited While on the Road 30
Travel Agency Service 31
Car Rental Service 32
Airlines and Hotel 32
Services as Commodities 32
Summary 32
Chapter 3. Service-Oriented Architectures and Web Services 34
Service-Oriented Architecture Explained 35
Organizations of Any Size Can Use a Service-Oriented Architecture 38
Blurring of Internal and External Services 38
Web Services Explained 39
Security and Authorization 49
Simplified Web Services Notation 51
Summary 51
Chapter 4. Forces Affecting the Adoption of Web Services and Other Integration Techniques 54
Force Field Analysis Overview 55
Analysis of Integration Techniques 57
Analysis of Adopting Enterprise-Wide Standards 57
Analysis of Middleware Integration 60
Analysis of Additional Components Used for Integration in a Service-Oriented Architecture 67
Putting All the Integration Techniques Together in a Service-Oriented Architecture 74
Summary 77
Chapter 5. Growing Impact o f Web Services 78
Initial Impact of Web Services 79
Evolutionary Use 90
Summary 90
Chapter 6. Service-Oriented Architectures and Beliefs about Enterprise Architectures 92
Form Follows Function 93
Service-Oriented Architecture as Part of an Enterprise Architecture 93
Service-Oriented Architectures with Architectural Frameworks and Methodologies 95
Beliefs that Can Cause Function to Follow Form 96
Common Issues with Many Enterprise Architectural Efforts 100
Sometimes Enterprise Architectures Get Watered Down 101
Goals of a Service-Oriented Architecture Using Web Services 101
Advantages of Service-Oriented Architectures 102
Summary 102
Chapter 7. Starting to Adopt a Service-Oriented Architecture 104
All Web Services Connections Look the Same 105
The Impact of Web Services 105
The Internet Will Help Drive Adoption 106
Stages of Adoption for Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures 106
Vision of the Future 107
Why Get Started Now? 108
Summary 108
Part II: Managing Change Needed for a Service-Oriented Architecture 110
Chapter 8. Change Will Happen 112
Change 113
Costs Related to Adopting a Service-Oriented Architecture 113
Technical Change Issues Diminishing 115
Resistance to Change 117
Forms of Resistance 119
Overcoming Resistance to Change 122
Some Resistance Scenarios 125
Worksheet for Change Issues and Responses 132
Consolidated Analysis for Adopting a Service-Oriented Architecture 132
Summary 135
Chapter 9. Tips for Managing Change Issues during Development 136
Design as Little as Possible 136
Write as Little Code as Possible 138
Reduce Project Scope 139
Use a Methodology 139
Use a Second Set of Eyes 139
Use Small Teams 140
Summary 140
Part III: Creating Service-Oriented Architectures 142
Chapter 10. Architectures at Each Stage of Adoption for Web Services 144
Stage 1. Experiment with Web Services 144
Stage 2. Adapt Existing Systems to Use Web Services 150
Stage 3. Remove Intersystem Dependencies 163
Stage 4. Establish an Internal Service-Oriented Architecture 167
Stage 5. Expand the Internal Service-Oriented Architecture to Include External Services 171
Summary 172
Chapter 11. Architectural Options 174
Data-Centric Architecture 174
Distributed-Process Architecture 175
Master Databases, Data Warehouses, Data Marts, and Business Intelligence Software 179
Agents 181
Summary 182
Chapter 12. Middle-Tier Architecture 184
Basics for a Middle-Tier Architecture 184
Caching in the Middle Tier 186
Persistence in the Middle Tier 192
Middle-Tier Firewall Options 197
Summary 200
Chapter 13. Revisiting the Business Trip in the Not-Too-Distant Future 202
The Business Trip 202
Summary 204
Part IV: Compendium of Software Technology for Service-Oriented Architectures 206
Chapter 14. Additional Specification Details 208
Organizations Working on Specifications 208
Matrix of Specifications and Organizations Working on Specifications 212
Web Services Specifications 222
XML Specifications 226
XML Vocabularies 229
Chapter 15. Quick Reference Guide 236
Index 250