Handbook of Diversity in Parent Education (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Handbook of Diversity in Parent Education: The Changing Faces of Parenting and Parent Education 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Preface 16
Contributors 18
Chapter 1. American Families in the 1990s and Beyond 20
Trends 22
Changes in Demographics Since 1978 23
Myths versus Realities that Affect Family Life 24
Parenting Styles and Children's Mental Health 26
Optimal Family Functioning 27
Violence in the Family 28
Alcohol and Drug Use 30
Conclusions 30
References 31
Chapter 2. Gender Issues in Parenting: Parenting Teenage Girls 34
Introduction 34
Information on Teenage Girls 35
The Status of Parents 36
Parental Objectives 36
Those Who Help Parents 37
Modern Parenting Programs 38
Government-Based Programs 39
Girl-Focused Programs 40
Traditional Parenting Programs 41
Religious Programs 43
Need for Community Foundation of Parenting 44
Components of a Successful Parenting Program 46
Summary and Conclusions 53
References 54
Chapter 3. Teaching About Sexual Diversity: A New Frontier Parenthood Educators 56
Introduction 56
Purpose 57
Extent of Need for Sexuality Diversity Education 58
Why Isn't the Issue of Sexuality Diversity Included in Parenthood Education 59
What Brings Us to this Discussion 60
Information About Another Aspect of Sexual Diversity 60
Experiences Children Will Encounter as they are Growing Up 63
Our Family Story 68
What Parents Should Know About Sexual Diversity 71
Risks Faced by Gay and Lesbian Youth 76
What Will Parents be able to do Better when Sexual Diversity and Sexual Orientation are Included in Parenting Education Programs? 77
Summary 78
Appendix A: Glossary 79
Appendix B: PFLAG Workshop: The Invisible and Silent Minority: Meeting the Needs of School-Age Children who are Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered 82
Appendix C: Resources 84
References 89
Chapter 4. Parenting and Ethnicity 92
Introduction: The Importance of the Topic 92
Why Learn About Cultural Diversity? 95
A Few Caveats 97
The Place to Begin: Examine Your Own Values 98
European-American Values and the Dominant Culture 98
Summary View of European-American Values 101
African-American Values and Parenting 101
Asian-American Values and Parenting 104
Latino-American Values and Parenting 107
Native-American Family Values 110
Summary and Conclusions 112
References 113
Chapter 5. Parenting in the Global Community: A Cross-Cultural/ International Perspective 116
Introduction 116
A Cultural–Ecological Approach 122
Cultural Adaptations of a Parent Education Program, "Growing Child", in Five Different Global Environments 130
Parenting Programs in Different Countries 140
Conclusion 147
References 148
Chapter 6. A Psychoeducational Program for Parents of Dysfunctional Backgrounds 152
Some Generalizations About "Dysfunctional Families" 153
Some Generalizations About Contemporary Parenting Problems 156
Description of the Program 158
Structure and Content of Each Session 161
Commentary on Program Content, Structure, and Delivery 168
References 171
Chapter 7. Supportive Family Training: Education and Support for the Parents of Persons with Serious Mental Illness 174
How Common is Mental Illness? 175
The Schizophrenias and the Serious Affective (Mood) Disorders 176
Similarities to and Differences from Other Chronic Illnesses 177
The Nature of the Caregiving Tasks in Serious Mental Illness 180
Educational Interventions for Parents of the Mentally Ill 182
SFT: A Family-Friendly Model 186
SFT: The Structure of the Training 188
Measures of Effectiveness 193
Conclusions 193
Note 194
References 194
Chapter 8. Parent Education for Fathers 198
A Father's Legacy 199
Masculine Identity 200
The Physical and Playful Father 201
The Affirming and Idealized Father 202
The Grounding and Limit-Setting Father 203
Educating Fathers 204
General Considerations for Working with Fathers 204
Operating Programs for Fathers 206
Incarcerated Fathers 207
Parenting Groups for Men Who Batter 209
National Center for Fathering 210
A Model for Fathering Programs 211
Men's Group 213
Summary 214
References 215
Chapter 9. Grandparents Raising Grandchildren 218
Introduction 218
Background 218
A Different Family Circle 219
No Routine Role 220
Adjustment Issues 222
Grandparents' Experience 223
Grandchildren's Experience 223
Developmental Factors 224
Solution-Based Intervention 225
Peer Partners 226
Adult Mentors 226
Grandkin Group Counseling 226
Support Groups 227
Case Management 228
Conclusion 228
References 229
Chapter 10. Parenting Emotionally Disturbed Children 232
Parent Education and Anxiety Disorders 233
Parent Education and Mood Disorders 236
Parent Education and Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses 240
Priorities for Program Development and Research 242
References 245
Chapter 11. Parenting Children with Learning Disabilities 250
Approaches to Parent and Family Involvement 252
Supporting Parents and Families Through the Special Education Process 256
Supporting Parents and Families in the Home Environment 266
Summary 269
References 269
Chapter 12. Parenting Children with Brain Injury 272
Brain Injury and its Sequelae 273
Parent Training 275
Re-Integrating a Child and Dealing with Familial Concerns 287
Summary and Conclusions 290
References 291
Appendix: Sample Home-School Note 294
Ben's Home-School Note 294
Chapter 13. Parenting Chronically Ill Children 296
Introduction 296
Definition and Classification of Chronic Health Conditions in Children 296
Psychosocial Models of Chronic Illness in Children 300
Research on Parenting Chronically ILL Children 303
Parent Intervention: Consultation, Problem-Solving, and Functional Behavior Analysis 307
Conclusions 313
References 313
Chapter 14. Education Programs for Parents and Families of Children and Youth with Developmental Disabilities 318
Introduction 318
Related Terminology 319
The Evolution of Programs for Parents of Children and Youth with Developmental Disabilities 320
Effectiveness of Parent Programs in the 1980s and 1990s 323
Family Systems Approaches to Education and Training 327
Concluding Remarks 330
References 331
Chapter 15. Educating Parents to be Advocates for their Children 334
Introduction 334
Parent Advocacy and Children's Education 336
What is an Advocate? 338
Why Children Need Advocates 339
Barriers that Keep Parents from Acting as Advocates for their Children 342
Issues and Problems that Can Be Addressed through the Role of Child Advocate 343
The Parent–Teacher Conference: A Collaborative Problem-Solving Model 344
Stage One—Getting Started 345
Stage Two—Sharing Information 346
Stage Three—Finding Agreements 348
Stage Four—Exploring Alternatives 350
Stage Five—Making a Plan 351
Stage Six—Follow Up 352
Conclusion 353
References 353
Chapter 16. Managing Crisis: Intervention Skills for Parents 356
Characteristics of Integrated Families 358
Characteristics of Isolated Families 358
School-Related Difficulties 359
Child Maltreatment 362
Suicide and Bereavement 365
School Crisis Response Teams 370
Conclusion 372
Additional Resources 372
References 373
Appendix A: Trauma and Children: A Parent Handout for Helping Children Heal 375
Appendix B: Raising Children to Resist Violence: What You Can Do 384
Index 392