Translation of Addictions Science Into Practice (eBook)

Front cover 1
Translation of Addictions Science into Practice 4
Copyright page 5
Table of Contents 6
List of Contributors 10
Preface 14
Section I: Genetics and Neuroscience 18
Chapter 1. The Interplay between Genotype and Gene Expression in Human Brain: What Can it Teach Us about Alcohol Dependence? 20
Drug and Alcohol Abuse 21
Future Directions 32
Concluding Remarks 33
Acknowledgments 34
References 34
Chapter 2. Common Genetic Influences on Antisociality and Addictions: Implications for Clinical Science and Practice 40
Comorbidity of Addictions and Antisociality: An Introduction 41
Shared Genetic Vulnerabilities to Antisociality and Addictions 43
Molecular Genetics of Antisociality and Addictions: Examples from the Study of Alcoholism 46
Implications of Common Genetic Influences of Antisocial Personality and Addictions for Conceptualizing and Classifying Psychopathology 47
From Genes to Clinical Practice: Implications of Genetic Research for Advancing Clinical Care 49
Summary and Conclusions 52
References 53
Chapter 3. Opioids, Pain and Addiction: Cause and Consequence 56
Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia 57
Implications for Opioid Dependence Treatment 62
Future Directions 65
General Conclusion 69
References 70
Chapter 4. Imbalance between Neuroexcitatory and Neuroinhibitory Amino Acids causes Craving for Ethanol: From Animal to Human being Studies 74
Introduction 75
Effects of Ethanol on Glutamate 75
Ethanol Withdrawal 77
Multiple Ethanol Withdrawal 79
Acamprosate and Repeated Ethanol Withdrawal 81
Conditioning Associated with Ethanol 82
Excitatory Amino Acids and Ethanol in Humans 87
Clinical Implications 91
References 92
Chapter 5. Cannabis and the Brain: Implications of Recent Research 98
Psychiatric Symptoms Associated with Cannabis 99
Cannabis and Schizophrenia 101
Summary and Future Directions 111
References 112
Section II: Pharmacotherapy 118
Chapter 6. The Plasticity of Alcohol Addiction Suggests Novel Approaches to Pharmacological Intervention 120
Neurobiology of Alcohol Addiction 122
Glutamatergic System 122
Glutamate and Alcohol 123
Ethanol and the Post-Synaptic Density 127
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors 129
References 133
Chapter 7. Pharmacotherapies for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: Current and on the Horizon 140
Epidemiology 141
Alcohol Withdrawal and Detoxification 142
Relapse Prevention 143
Disulfiram 143
Naltrexone 145
Acamprosate 147
Treatment Options on the Horizon 149
Medication Compliance and Its Impact on Alcohol Pharmacotherapy 151
Conclusions and Future Directions 153
References 155
Chapter 8. Agonist Treatment for Stimulant Abuse and Dependence 162
Relevant Science, Introduction and Background 163
Immediate Implications for Prevention, Assessment or Treatment Developments 165
Speculation on Future Directions for Translational Developments 169
References 177
Chapter 9. Topiramate-Induced Neuromodulation of Cortico-Mesolimbic Dopamine: Implications for the Treatment of Nicotine and Alcohol Dependence 186
Nicotine and Alcohol Dependence:The Problem of Comorbidity 187
Topiramate: A Promising new Vista 190
The Clinical Experience 194
Conclusions 196
Acknowledgments 197
References 197
Section III: Psychology and Sociology 204
Chapter 10. Advances in the Scientific Study of Craving for Alcohol and Tobacco 206
Introduction 207
Advances in the Scientific Study of Craving 208
Research Priorities in the Scientific Study of Craving 215
Future Directions in the Scientific Study of Craving 217
Summary and Conclusions 219
References 219
Chapter 11. Advances in the Treatment of Craving for Alcohol and Tobacco 228
Introduction 229
Contemporary Science-Based Clinical Approaches to Craving 229
Priorities for Improving the Contemporary Treatment of Craving 237
Future Directions in the Treatment of Craving 241
Summary and Conclusions 246
References 247
Chapter 12. Cognitive, Affective and Motivational Effects of Smoking 256
Nicotine Pharmacology and Mechanisms of Action 257
Cognitive Correlates of Smoking and Abstinence from Smoking 258
Psychological/Affective Correlates of Smoking and Abstinence from Smoking 259
References 270
Chapter 13. Therapeutic Outcome Research and Dissemination of Empirically Based Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders 276
Brief History of Problem 277
Treatments that Work 277
Dissemination/Implementation 281
The Macro Level: Efforts to Promote Evidence-Based Practices Among Community Counselors 282
The Micro-Level: Clinical Training as a Necessary, But Insufficient Ingredient for Sustained Clinical Adoption 285
The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Clinical Training 286
Training Alone is Insufficient to Promote Sustained Change in Clinical Practice 288
Conclusion 289
References 290
Chapter 14. Implications of Research on Comorbidity for the Nature and Management of Substance Misuse 294
Models of Comorbidity 296
Genetic Factors 296
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) 297
Secondary Psychiatric Illness Models 301
Bidirectional Models 303
Treatment of Co-occurring Disorders 304
Future Directions for Translational Research 327
References 329
Chapter 15. The Role of Impulsive Personality Traits in the Initiation, Development, and Treatment of Substance Misuse Problems 338
The Role of Impulsive Personality Traits in the Initiation, Development,and Treatment of Substance Misuse Problems 339
The Dimensions of Impulsivity 340
Current Models of Impulsivity and Substance Misuse 341
Evidence Supporting the Association between Reward Drive and Substance Use 342
Evidence Supporting the Association between Rash Impulsiveness and Substance Use 343
The Role of Reward Drive and Rash Impulsiveness in the Initiation of Substance Use 344
Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Adolescent Substance Use 346
The Impact of Chronic Substance use on Dimensions of Impulsivity 347
Implications for the Treatment of Substance Abuse and Dependence 349
Conclusion 350
References 351
Chapter 16. Translational Research Involving Adolescent Substance Abuse 358
Introduction 360
Ten Barriers to Translation of Research Findings Involving Adolescent Suds 361
Examples of Immediate Implications of Prevention, Assessment, or Treatment Developments Involving Adolescent Suds, as Shown in Two Federal Center Grants 364
Future Directions for Translational Research Involving Adolescent Suds 368
Acknowledgments 373
References 373
Section IV: Practice and Policy 378
Chapter 17. Dissemination of Evidence-Based Treatment into Substance Abuse Clinical Practice 380
Introduction 381
Critical Review of Research Literature 381
Immediate Implications 386
Conclusion 392
Acknowledgments 393
References 393
Chapter 18. Alcohol Screening and Intervention in Medical and Surgical Settings 396
Current State of the Science 396
Current Implications for Detection and Treatment 404
Directions for Future Translational Research 406
References 409
Chapter 19. Internet-Based Interventions for Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Substances of Abuse 416
Introduction 417
What do Internet-Based Interventions for Alcohol,Tobacco and other Drug Concerns Look Like? 417
Why Bother? Who uses the Internet and why won’t they Show up in Treatment? 423
What is the Evidence that Internet-Based Interventions Work? 424
Future Directions – What questions need answering and What might IBIs for substance abuse look like in the Future? 429
Acknowledgments and Conflict-of-Interest Statement 430
References 430
Chapter 20. Alcohol Use Among Undergraduate Students: From Brief Interventions to Behavioral Economics 434
Undergraduate Student Drinking: From Brief Interventions to Behavioral Economics 435
Alcohol use among undergraduate students 435
The use of brief Interventions to Reduce College Student Drinking 440
The Behavioral Economic Perspective 444
Final thoughts on Brief Interventions and Behavioral Economics 448
References 450
Chapter 21. Ethical and Policy Issues in the Translation of Genetic and Neuroscience Research on Addiction 456
Introduction 457
Theories of Addiction: Skeptical views and Medical Models 458
Practical Applications of Genetic and Neuroscience Research 461
Epistemic Implications of Genetic and Neuroscientific Knowledge 467
Future Directions for Addiction Policy 469
References 470
Section V: Conclusion 476
Chapter 22. Pathways to Innovation in Addiction Practice 478
Processes of Translation from Basic Science to Practice 479
An Alternate Pathway to Improved Practice 483
A Way Forward 485
References 486
Subject Index 490