Organogenesis in Development (eBook)

Cover 1
Current Topics in Developmental Biology 2
Copyright 5
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Preface 14
Chapter 1. How to Make a Heart: The Origin and Regulation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells 16
1. Introduction 17
2. The Origin of the Heart Fields and Cardiac ProgenitorCell Behavior 20
3. Markers of Cardiac Progenitors and the Distinction Between Firstand Second Heart Fields (FHF and SHF) 22
4. Cardiac Progenitor Contributions to the Cell Types of the Heart 25
5. Subdomains of the SHF 29
6. Molecular Mechanisms that Govern SHF Cell Behavior—Transcriptional Regulators and Signaling Pathways 33
7. Conclusion 44
Acknowledgments 45
References 45
Chapter 2. Vascular Development—Genetic Mechanisms and Links to Vascular Disease 58
1. Introduction 59
2. VEGF in Vascular Development 64
3. BMP in Vascular Development 68
4. Notch/Delta/Jagged in Vascular Development 70
5. Perspectives 75
Acknowledgments 77
References 77
Chapter 3. Lung Organogenesis 88
1. Introduction 89
2. Developmental Anatomy of the Lung 90
3. Molecular Embryology of the Lung 96
4. Mechanobiology of the Developing Lung 126
5. Stem/Progenitor Cell Biology of the Lung 133
6. Postnatal and Adult Lung 143
7. Conclusions 145
Acknowledgments 146
References 146
Chapter 4. Transcriptional Networks and Signaling Pathways that Govern Vertebrate Intestinal Development 174
1. Introduction 175
2. Formation of the Definitive Endoderm 177
3. The Formation and Regionalization of the Primitive Gut Tube 1654. Establishment of the Crypt–Villus Axis 180
4. Establishment of the Crypt–Villus Axis 190
5. Establishing the Stem Cell Niche and Homeostasis in the Intestinal Epithelium 194
6. Role of Intestinal Development Pathways in Cancer 200
Acknowledgments 201
References 201
Chapter 5. Kidney Development: Two Tales of Tubulogenesis 208
1. Introduction: How You Get a Kidney 209
2. The First Tale of Tubulogenesis: a Branching Tree 212
3. Tubulogenesis Via MET—Tube One Induces Tube Two 218
4. Patterning the Resulting Tubules 222
5. Moving From Structure to a Functional Filter 228
6. Disruptions to Kidney Tubulogenesis in Human Disease 232
7. Conclusion 235
Acknowledgments 236
References 236
Chapter 6. The Game Plan: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Mammalian Testis Development 246
1. Introduction 247
2. Introducing the Players: Cell Biology and Morphologyof the Gonads 248
3. Origin of Sertoli Cells 250
4. Kickoff in Testis Determination: Sry and Sertoli Cell Specification 250
5. The Goalkeeper: Sox9 and Sertoli Cell Differentiation 252
6. Forward Players: Beyond Sox9 256
7. The Sweepers: Peritubular Myoid Cells 258
8. Interplay Between PM and Other Testicular Cells 260
9. The Midfielders: Leydig Cells 260
10. The White Lines: Endothelial Cells 264
11. What All the Fuss Is About: Germ Cells 266
12. Concluding Remarks 268
Acknowledgments 269
References 269
Chapter 7. Building Pathways for Ovary Organogenesis in the Mouse Embryo 278
1. Evolution of the Hypotheses for Ovary Organogenesis in Mammals 279
2. Building the Foundation: Morphogenesis of the Ovary 281
3. Making Eggs: Establishment of the Female Germline 283
4. Determination of the Ovarian Identity: Differentiation ofGranulosa Cells 287
5. Emerging Pathways for the Establishment of Female SomaticEnvironment and Maintenance of Female Germ Cells 291
6. Conclusion and Perspectives 293
References 298
Chapter 8. Vertebrate Skeletogenesis 306
1. Introduction 307
2. Structural Organization and Advantages of the Vertebrate Skeleton 308
3. Development of Skeletogenic Cells 309
4. Development of Cartilage Anlagen 313
5. Development of Cartilage Growth Plates 315
6. Bone Development 317
7. Synovial Joint Formation 321
8. Skeleton Variation 324
9. Perspectives 325
Acknowledgments 326
References 326
Chapter 9. The Molecular Regulation of Vertebrate Limb Patterning 334
1. Introduction 335
2. The Early Limb 337
3. Patterning Along the AP Axis 340
4. Proximal–Distal Patterning and Outgrowth 343
5. Interaction Between the ZPA and the AER 347
6. Towards a Systems Biology Approach to Limb Patterning 349
Acknowledgments 350
References 350
Chapter 10. Eye Development 358
1. Introduction 359
2. Overview of Eye Development 361
3. Early Stage: The Eye Field 361
4. Lens Development 369
5. The Cornea 378
6. The Iris and the Ciliary Body 381
7. The Retina 382
8. The Optic Nerve 389
9. Conclusion and Perspectives 392
Acknowledgments 393
References 393
Index 402
Contents of Previous Volumes 424