Dietary Phosphorus

Jaime Uribarri, MD Dr. Jaime Uribarri is a physician and clinical investigator. He was born in Chile and received his medical degree from the University of Chile School of Medicine. He did all his postgraduate training in the United States. He has been in The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, since 1990, where he is currently Professor of Medicine and Director of the Renal Clinic and the Home Dialysis Program at the Mount Sinai Hospital. In parallel with his clinical activities, Dr Uribarri has been very active in clinical investigation for the past 30 years. His main areas of research have been on acid–base and fluid and electrolyte disorders, as well as nutrition in chronic kidney disease and diabetic patients. He was one of the first to bring attention to the important role of food-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in chronic diseases in humans. He has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers and written many chapters in books. He has lectured extensively on these research topics in New York City, as well as in national and international meetings. He serves as an ad hoc referee for numerous nutrition, medical, and other scientific journals, and he is an active member of several health organizations and professional associations, including The American Society of Nephrology, The American Society of Nutrition, The International Society of Nephrology, The New York Academy of Sciences, and The Maillard Society. Mona S. Calvo, PhD After earning a doctorate in Nutritional Sciences from the University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, Dr. Calvo pursued postdoctoral studies in the Endocrine Research Unit of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Recently retired from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after 28 years, her former position and title was that of Expert Regulatory Review Scientist and Research Principal Investigator at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Her current and past research interests focus on dietary influences on the hormonal regulation of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D and their impact on bone and kidney disease and other chronic diseases of public health significance. These research interests have been the topics for over 150-peer-reviewed manuscripts, book chapters, government reports/guidelines, FDA regulations, and abstracts presented at national and international meetings. She serves as an Associate Editor for Public Health Nutrition; an ad hoc referee for numerous nutrition, medical, and other scientific journals; and is a member of the Endocrine Society, American Society for Nutrition, the Nutrition Society (UK), and the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and serves as a member of the advisory board for ODIN, which seeks food-based solutions for optimal vitamin D nutrition and health through the life cycle.

Preface

Editor Bios

Contributors



Section I Health Issues Associated with Dietary Phosphorus Intake



Chapter 1 Overview of Chronic Health Risks Associated with Phosphorus Excess

Swati Mehta and Jaime Uribarri



Chapter 2 Preclinical Evidence of the Nonskeletal Adverse Health Effects of High Dietary Phosphorus

George R. Beck, Jr.



Chapter 3 Clinical and Preclinical Evidence of the Skeletal and Vascular Adverse Health Effects of High Dietary Phosphorus

Jorge B. Cannata-Andía, Pablo Román-García, Natalia Carrillo-López, and Adriana S. Dusso



Chapter 4 Associations between Phosphorus Intake and Mortality

Andrea Galassi, Denis Fouque, and Mario Cozzolino



Chapter 5 Phosphorus Intake and Whole-Body Phosphorus Homeostasis

Jaime Uribarri and Man S. Oh



Chapter 6 Endocrine Regulation of Phosphate Homeostasis

Marta Christov and Harald Jüppner



Chapter 7 Dietary Phosphorus Intake and Kidney Function

Lili Chan and Jaime Uribarri



Chapter 8 Dietary Phosphorus Intake and Cardiotoxicity

Sven-Jean Tan and Nigel D. Toussaint



Chapter 9 The Relationship between Phosphorus Intake and Blood Pressure

Melissa M. Melough and Alex R. Chang



Chapter 10 Phosphorus Intake Contribution to Dietary Acid·Base Balance and Bone Health

Tanis R. Fenton and David A. Hanley



Chapter 11 Dietary Phosphorus Regulation of Vitamin D Metabolism in the Kidneys

Adriana S. Dusso, M. Vittoria Arcidiacono, Natalia Carrillo-López, and Jorge B. Cannata-Andía



Section II Dietary Phosphorus Intake and Nutritional Needs



Chapter 12 Phosphorus: An Essential Nutrient for Bone Health Throughout Life

Jean-Philippe Bonjour



Chapter 13 Dietary Phosphate Needs in Early Life and Adolescence

Alicia M. Diaz-Thomas, Russell W. Chesney, and Craig B. Langman



Chapter 14 Overview of Phosphorus-Wasting Diseases and Need for Phosphorus Supplements

Carolyn M. Macica



Chapter 15 Phosphate and Calcium Stone Formation

Hans-Göran Tiselius



Chapter 16 Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Phosphorus Balance

Orlando M. Gutiérrez



Chapter 17 Bioavailability of Phosphorus

Suvi T. Itkonen, Heini J. Karp, and Christel J. E. Lamberg-Allardt



Chapter 18 Special Nutritional Needs of Chronic Kidney and End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: Rationale for the Use of Plant-Based Diets

Ranjani N. Moorthi and Sharon M. Moe



Section III Food and Environmental Use and Regulation of Phosphorus



Chapter 19 The Regulatory Aspects of Phosphorus Intake: Dietary Guidelines and Labeling

Mona S. Calvo and Susan J. Whiting



Chapter 20 Dietary Guidelines for Safe Levels of Phosphorus Intake in North America and Europe

Susan J. Whiting and Mona S. Calvo



Chapter 21 Phosphorus Food Additive Use in the European Union

Ray J. Winger



Chapter 22 A European Perspective: Questionable Safety of Current Phosphorus Intakes in the General Healthy and Chronic Kidney Disease Populations

Kai M. Hahn, Markus Ketteler, and Eberhard Ritz



Chapter 23 Save the P(ee)! The Challenges of Phosphorus Sustainability and Emerging Solutions

James J. Elser, Neng Ion Chan, Jessica R. Corman, and Jared Stolzfus



Chapter 24 The Effects of Changing Global Food Choices on Human Health and a Sustainable Supply of Phosphorus

Charles J. Ferro



Index