Zoonotic Tuberculosis

Charles O. Thoen, DVM, PhD, is Professor and former Chairman of the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University. He is former Chairman of the IUATLD Scientific Committee on Tuberculosis in Animals; former Chairman of the WHO Committee on Animal Tuberculosis; Former Head of the Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA; and former Research Fellow in Microbiology, Mayo Graduate School of Medicine, University of Minnesota. James H. Steele, DVM, MPH, was previously Professor Emeritus, Environmental Health, The University of Texas$en$Houston School of Public Health, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston, TX. Dr. Steele was formerly Chief Veterinary Officer, Assistant Surgeon General, U.S. Public Health Service, and Consult to United Nations agencies, WHO, Food and Agriculture Organization, PAHO, International Atomic Energy Organization, and the World Bank. John B. Kaneene, DVM, MPH, PhD, FAES, FAVES, is a University Distinguished Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health. He is the founding and current Director of the Center for Comparative Epidemiology at Michigan State University. Dr. Kaneene is a current member of the IUATLD and is a former Program Secretary and Chairperson of the zoonotic tuberculosis subcommittee of the IUATLD. Dr. Kaneene has active research on the molecular and quantitative epidemiology of zoonotic TB in several countries in Asia and Africa.

Contributors ix

Preface xv

1 Tuberculosis in animals and humans: An introduction 3
Charles O. Thoen, Philip A. LoBue, and Donald A. Enarson

2 One Health approach for preventing and controlling tuberculosis in animals and humans 9
John B. Kaneene, Bruce Kaplan, James H. Steele, and Charles O. Thoen

3 Public health significance of zoonotic tuberculosis caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex 21
Adam J. Langer and Philip A. LoBue

4 Mycobacterium bovis infection in humans and animals with an emphasis on countries in Central and South America 35
Isabel N. de Kantor, Pedro M. Torres, Eliana Roxo, Alfredo Garin, Luis A. Paredes Noack, María D. Sequeira, María Susana Imaz, Nora Morcillo, and María Alice da Silva Telles

5 Pathogenesis of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis 51
Charles O. Thoen and Raúl G. Barletta

6 Epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis 63
Julian A. Drewe, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, and John B. Kaneene

7 Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis 79
Julian A. Drewe and Noel H. Smith

8 New and current approaches for isolation, identification, and genotyping of Mycobacterium bovis 89
Suelee Robbe-Austerman and Claude Turcotte

9 Tuberculosis in animals in South Africa 99
Nick Kriek

10 Status and control of bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopia 109
Asseged Bogale, Berhanu Tameru, and Tsegaye Habtemariam

11 Distribution, public health significance, and control status of bovine tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis in Uganda 133
David Nganwa and Asseged Bogale

12 Bovine tuberculosis: Epidemiology, zoonotic transmission, activities, and challenges toward its control in Nigeria 149
Simeon I.B. Cadmus and F. Olalekan Ayanwale

13 Factors contributing to the transmission of bovine tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis and its control status in Sudan 159
Ehsan Abdalla and David Nganwa

14 Overview of bovine tuberculosis in Ghana 175
Gregory Banayah Mwinyelle and Andy Alhassan

15 Status and control of tuberculosis in animals in Pakistan 181
M. Tariq Javed

16 Zoonotic tuberculosis in humans, elephants, and other animals in Nepal 191
Mahesh Bhandari and Charles O. Thoen

17 Zoonotic tuberculosis in India 197
Rishendra Verma

18 An overview of Mycobacterium bovis infections in domestic and wild animals in Korea 203
Han Sang Yoo and Kyoungjin J. Yoon

19 Mycobacterium bovis infection and control in China 213
Aizhen Guo, Yingyu Chen, and Huanchun Chen

20 Zoonotic tuberculosis in Australia and New Zealand 221
Graham Nugent and Debra V. Cousins

21 Bovine tuberculosis eradication in the United States: A century of progress 235
Alecia Larew Naugle, Mark Schoenbaum, C. William Hench, Owen L. Henderson, and Jack Shere

22 The occurrence of M. bovis cases in U.S. cattle, 2001–2011 253
Katie Portacci, Jason Lombard, Mark Schoenbaum, Kathleen Orloski, and Mark Camacho

23 The importance of M. bovis infection in cervids on the eradication of bovine tuberculosis in the United States 263
Michael J. Gilsdorf and John B. Kaneene

24 Evaluation of antemortem diagnostic tests for detecting bovine tuberculosis infection in the United States 277
Mark Schoenbaum, María Celia Antognoli, and Kathleen Orloski

25 Canada’s bovine tuberculosis eradication program: Past and present 287
Noel Harrington, Krista Howden, and Claude Turcotte

26 Bovine tuberculosis eradication program in Mexico 291
Alejandro Perera Ortiz, José Alfredo Gutiérrez-Reyes, Estela Flores Velázquez, Guillermo Agustín Reyes Escalona, and Eli Tonatiuh Selva Hernández

27 Epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Serbia with a brief overview of the current epidemiological situation in the region 309
Dejan Krnjaic, Budimir Plavsic, and Slavoljub Stanojevic

28 The impact of an integrated wildlife and bovine tuberculosis eradication program in Ireland 323
Michael Sheridan, Margaret Good, Simon J. More, and Eamonn Gormley

29 Bovine tuberculosis eradication in France 341
María Laura Boschiroli and Jean-Jacques Bénet

30 Animal tuberculosis in Spain: A multihost system 349
Christian Gortazar and Mariana Boadella

31 Tuberculosis eradication in Italy 357
Laura Chiavacci, Alessandro Dondo, Maria Goria, Giuliana Moda, Luigi Ruocco, Patrizia Vignetta, and Simona Zoppi

32 Status of bovine tuberculosis control in countries of Central Europe and countries of the former Soviet Union 369
Ivo Pavlik

33 Zoonotic tuberculosis in nonhuman primates 383
Pat A. Frost, Paul P. Calle, Hilton Klein, and Charles O. Thoen

Index 399