Selective Nanocatalysts and Nanoscience (eBook)

Adriano Zecchina is Emeritus Professor at the University of Torino and member of Accademia delle Scienze di Torino and of Excellence NIS (Nanostructured Surfaces and Interfaces) of University of Torino. He is member of the Ownership board of PCCP and of the Editorial Board of the Chemical Society Rewiews. Professor Zecchina has been awarded with the Bourke Medal of the Faraday Society, with the Fauser Plate and the Sigillo Medal of the Italian Chemical Society. He is coauthor of about 450 papers published on international journals which have received about 125000 citatations. His research is mainly devoted to the study of ssurface properties of catalytic materials. Silvia Bordiga is Professor in Physical Chemistry at the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Torino. Her research is mainly devoted to the characterization of the physical-chemical properties of oxides, zeolites and MOFs with attention to their surface properties. She has co-authored more than 200 research and review papers in the fields of Chemistry and Material Science appeared in international journals which have received more than 5000 citations. Elena Groppo received her degree in Material Science in 2002 and the PhD in Chemistry in 2007 at the University of Torino. She is currently working in the group of Physical Chemistry at the University of Torino. Her research focuses on the characterization of intermediate species in fast chemical reactions, such as polymerizations, by appplying several spectroscopic techniques in in-situ conditions. Elena Groppo has published about 50 papers, including four review articles. She received the Award for the best Young Scientist at XVI Congress of Società Italiana Luce di Sincrotrone and was recently selected among the first five best candidates for the Gerhard Ertl Young Investigator Award.

Preface

THE STRUCTURE AND REACTIVITY OF SINGLE AND MULTIPLE SITES ON HETEROGENEOUS AND HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSTS: ANALOGIES, DIFFERENCES, AND CHALLENGES FOR CHARACTERIZATION METHODS
Introduction
Definition of Multiple- and Single-Site Centers in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis
The Characterization Methods in Heterogeneous Catalysis (Including Operando Methods)
Conclusions

SUPPORTED NANOPARTICLES AND SELECTIVE CATALYSIS. A SURFACE SCIENCE APPROACH
General Introduction
Synthesis of Supported Metal Nanoparticles
Selective Catalysis of Supported Metal Nanoparticles
Summary

WHEN DOES CATALYSIS WITH TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES TURN INTO CATALYSIS BY NANOPARTICLES
Introduction
Nanoparticles vs. Homogeneous Catalysts in C-C Bond-Forming Reactions
Nanoparticles vs. Homogeneous Catalysts in Hydrogenation Reactions
Platinum-Catalyzed Hydrosilylation
Conclusions

CAPSULES AND CAVITANDS: SYNTHETIC CATALYSTS OF NANOMETRIC DIMENSIONS
Introduction on Supramolecular Catalysis
Compartmentalization of Reactive Species in Synthetic Hosts as Supramolecular Catalysts
Conclusions
Outlook

PHOTOCATALYSTS: NANOSTRUCTURED PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIALS FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION
Principles of Overall Water Splitting Using Nanostructured Particulate Photocatalysts
Oxide Photocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Visible Light-Responsive Photocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Conclusions

CHIRAL CATALYSTS
The Origin of Enantioselectivity in Catalytic Processes: The Nanoscale of Enantioselective Catalysis
Parameters Affecting the Geometry of the Metal Environment
Case of Study (1): Bis(oxazoline)-Cu Catalysts for Cyclopropanation
Case of Study (2): Catalysts for Diels-Alder Reactions
Case of Study (3): Salen-Based Catalysts
Case of Study (4): Multifunctional Catalysis
Conclusions

SELECTIVE CATALYSTS FOR PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Overview of Petrochemical Industry and Refinery Processes
Catalysis in the Petrochemical Industry
Microporous Materials and Shape Selectivity
Selected Examples of Shape-Selective Catalysis by Zeolites/Zeotypes
Summary and Outlook

CRYSTAL ENGINEERING OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS FOR HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Introduction
Volatile Molecules Coordinated Metal Nodes Acted as Catalytic Centers
Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal Nodes Acted as Catalytic Centers
Coordinatively Unsaturated Catalytic Metal Ions Exposed in the Pores of MOFs
Guest-Accessible Catalytically Functionalized Organic Sites in Porous MOF
Nanochannel-Promoted Polymerization of Organic Substrates in Porous MOFs
Homochiral MOFs Used as Enantioselective Catalysts
Conclusions and Outlook

MECHANISM OF STEREOSPECIFIC PROPENE POLYMERIZATION PROMOTED BY METALLOCENE AND NONMETALLOCENE CATALYSTS
Introduction
Mechanism of Polymerization
Elements of Chirality
Chiral-Site Stereocontrol: Isotactic Polypropylene by Primary Propene Insertion
Chiral-Site Stereocontrol: Syndiotactic Polypropylene by Primary Propene Insertion
Chain-End Stereocontrol: Syndiotactic Polypropylene by Secondary Propene Insertion
Conclusions