Thermodynamics of Systems Containing Flexible-Chain Polymers (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Thermodynamics of Systems Containing Flexible-Chain Polymers 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 22
Chapter 1. Stability and Phase Separation 26
1.1 Stability conditions of the one-phase multicomponent system 26
1.2 Conditions for equilibrium and stability of the multiphase multicomponent system 45
1.3 Phase separation of regular mixtures 57
1.4 Stability and fluctuations 70
1.5 Loss of stability and phase transitions (phase separation) 75
1.6 Landau's phenomenological theory 99
1.7 Elements of statistical physics and phase transitions 117
1.8 State equation of real gas 124
Chapter summary 128
Chapter 2. Fluctuations, Light Scattering and Diffusion 132
2.1 Light scattering in matter. Main concepts and definitions 132
2.2 Light scattering in gases and vapours 172
2.3 Light scattering in one-component liquids 175
2.4 Concentration fluctuations, light scattering and diffusion in solutions 206
2.5 Correlation of the order parameter fluctuations in the critical region. Hypothesis of similarity. Hypothesis of universality 225
2.6 Lagrangian formalism of the field theory 236
Chapter summary 273
Chapter 3. Polymer+low-molecular-liquid system. Mean field approaches. Liquid-liquid phase separation 278
3.1 Binary systems 278
3.2 Polynary systems 328
3.3 Composition fluctuations, light scattering and diffusion 363
3.4 Random coil—globule transition 393
3.5 Phase equilibrium in the crosslinked polymer + low-molecular-weight liquid system 410
3.6 Improvement of Flory-Huggins' lattice theory 445
3.7 Polymer mixtures 476
3.8 Theory of corresponding states 494
3.9 Relaxational thermodynamics 504
3.10 Multiphase separation 506
Chapter summary 526
Chapter 4. Universality Principle. Scaling Ideas. Dynamics of Macromolecules 534
4.1 Conformational problem of a molecular chain 534
4.2 Lagrangian formalism of polymer theory 540
4.3 State diagram: polymer+low molecular weight liquid 548
4.4 Critical opalescence 577
4.5 Dynamic scaling 579
Chapter summary 597
Chapter 5. Methods for Renormalization Group Transformations 600
5.1 Renormalization of the conformational space of polymer chains 601
5.2 Renormalization of polymer chain conformations in momentum space 654
5.3 Hydrodynamic properties of macromolecules 670
5.4 Direct renormalization method 681
5.5 Tricritical state. Phase separation region 709
5.6 Direct evaluation of the order parameter fluctuations 755
Chapter summary 767
Chapter 6. Liquid(Solution)-Crystal Phase Separation 778
6.1 Conditions of phase equilibrium 778
6.2 Phase analysis of the system poly(vinyl alcohol) + water 783
6.3 Mixed types of phase separation 793
6.4 Phase analysis of the system poly(ethylene oxide) + water 795
Chapter summary 799
Bibliography 802
Subject index 842