Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IX (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science IX 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 12
Preface 6
Appendix to the Preface 8
President's Address 16
SECTION 1: INAUGURAL ADDRESS 22
Chapter 1. Logic and Philosophy in the 20th Century 24
PART 1: PROOF THEORY AND CATEGORIAL LOGIC 42
Chapter 2. The Witness Function Method and Provably Recursive Functions of Peano Arithmetic 44
Chapter 3. Some Aspects of Categorical Logic 84
Chapter 4. Gentzen-Type Systems and Hilbert's Epsilon Substitution Method 106
Chapter 5. Admissible Proof Theory and Beyond 138
PART 2: MODEL THEORY, SET THEORY AND FORMAL SYSTEMS 164
Chapter 6. On the Reducibility Order between Borel Equivalence Relations 166
Chapter 7. The Core Model up to a Woodin Cardinal 172
PART 3: RECURSION THEORY AND CONSTRUCTIVISM 192
Chapter 8. Lattice Embeddings into the R. E. Degrees Preserving 194
Chapter 9. Contributions to the History of Variations of Weak Density in the n-R.E. Degrees 214
Chapter 10. Rigidity and Definability in the Noncomputable Universe 224
PART 4: LOGIC AND COMPUTER SCIENCE 252
Chapter 11. The Impact of Model Theory on Theoretical Computer Science 254
Chapter 12. A Decidable Quantified Defeasible Logic 278
PART 5: PHILOSOPHICAL LOGIC 300
Chapter 13. Non-Classical Logic and Ontological Non-Commitment, Avoiding Abstract Objects through Modal Operators 302
Chapter 14. Russellian Propositions 322
Chapter 15. Accepting Failure in Dynamic Logic 342
PART 6: METHODOLOGY 366
Chapter 16. Reliable Methods 368
Chapter 17. Taking Naturalism Seriously 398
Chapter 18. Recent Perspectives on Simplicity and Generalization 424
PART 7: PROBABILITY, INDUCTION AND DECISION THEORY 440
Chapter 19. Three Levels of Inductive Inference 442
Chapter 20. When Normal and Extensive Form Decisions Differ 466
PART 8: HISTORY OF LOGIC, METHODOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 480
Chapter 21. Andrei Markov and Mathematical Constructivism 482
Chapter 22. Contributions to the History of the Classical Truth-Definition 496
PART 9: ETHICS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 512
Chapter 23. Notes on the Value of Science 514
Chapter 24. Morality and Human Evolution 538
Chapter 25. Conceptual Issues in Ethics of Science and Technology 552
PART 10: FOUNDATIONS OF LOGIC, MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE 568
Chapter 26. A New Paradox in Type Theory 570
Chapter 27. Taking Formalism Seriously 586
Chapter 28. What is the Philosophical Basis of Intuitionistic Mathematics? 594
PART 11: FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES 610
Chapter 29. Asymptotics, Singularities and the Reduction of Theories 612
Chapter 30. Realism and Quantum Mechanics 624
Chapter 31. Some Reflections on the Structure of our Knowledge in Physics 648
PART 12: FOUNDATIONS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 672
Chapter 32. The Limits of Biology 674
PART 13: FOUNDATIONS OF COGNITIVE SCIENCE AND AI (including Computational Perspectives in Psychology) 692
Chapter 33. Cognitive Science as Reverse Engineering. Several Meanings of "Top-Down" and "Bottom-Up" 694
PART 14: FOUNDATIONS OF LINGUISTICS 706
Chapter 34. Logic and the Flow of Information 708
Chapter 35. The Ontology of Phonology 740
Chapter 36. Relational Nouns 760
PART 15: FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (including Non-Computational Psychology) 776
Chapter 37. Reducing Self-Interest and Improving the Relevance of Economic Research 778
Chapter 38. A Theory of Inferred Causation 804
Chapter 39. Building Causal Graphs from Statistical Data in the Presence of Latent Variables 828
SECTION 2: INTERSECTIONAL SYMPOSIUM: PREDICTION 846
Chapter 40. Coherent Inference and Prediction in Statistics 848
SECTION 3: INTERSECTIONAL SYMPOSIUM: CARNAP AND REICHENBACH CENTENNIAL SYMPOSIUM 860
Chapter 41. Carnap's Voluntarism 862
Chapter 42. The Limits of Vindication 882
SECTION 4: INTERSECTIONAL SYMPOSIUM: STIG KANGER MEMORIAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE LOGIC OF RIGHTS AND CHOICES 898
Chapter 43. Stig Kanger in Memoriam 900
Chapter 44. Stig Kanger's Theory of Rights 904
Chapter 45. Non-Binary Choice and Preference: 928
SECTION 5: INTERSECTIONAL SYMPOSIUM: GAME THEORY 940
Chapter 46. DeBayesing Game Theory 942
Chapter 47. Normative Validity and Meaning of von Neumann-Morgenstern Utilities 962
Contributed Papers 976
Name Index 992