Structure Formation in Solution (eBook)

Contents 5
1 Introduction 9
1.1 Macroionic Systems and the Scope of the Book 9
1.2 Principles for Structure Analysis on Macroionic Systems 11
1.3 Forces between Molecules 30
References 36
2 Effective Interactions between Macroions 1 38
2.1 Introductory Remarks 38
2.2 Mean Field Description 39
2.3 Debye-Hückel Theory of Strong Electrolytes 42
2.4 DLVO Theory 52
2.5 Summary 70
References 72
3 Dilute Solutions of Flexible and Spherical Ionic Polymers 74
3.1 Introductory Remarks 74
3.2 Scattering Study of Dilute Solutions of Ionic Polymers 81
3.3 Recent Progress and Summary 113
References 122
4 Colloidal Dispersions 125
4.1 Introductory Remarks 125
4.2 Investigation by Optical Methods 135
4.3 Investigation by Ultra-Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering ( USAXS) 167
4.4 Static and Dynamic Light Scattering, Neutron Scattering, and Dynamic X- Ray Scattering 181
4.5 Summary 194
References 199
5 Kikuchi–Kossel Line Analysis on Colloidal Crystals 202
5.1 Introductory Remarks 202
5.2 Kikuchi–Kossel Diffraction Images 203
5.3 Crystal Growth 208
5.4 Colloidal Alloy Crystals 213
5.5 Fine Structure of Kossel Lines 214
5.6 Summary 215
References 217
6 Effective Interactions between Macroions 2 219
6.1 Introductory Remarks 219
6.2 Reconstruction of a Linearized Mean Field Theory 222
6.3 Integral Representations for Free Energies of Macroionic Dispersions 248
6.4 Highly Charged Plates Immersed in an Electrolyte 257
6.5 Summary and Discussion 276
References 281
7 Viscometric Properties of Dilute Ionic Polymer Solutions and Colloidal Dispersions 283
7.1 Introductory Remarks 283
7.2 Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Flexible Ionic Polymers 283
7.3 Viscosity of Dilute Dispersions of Ionic Colloidal Particles 288
7.4 Summary 296
References 298
8 Phase Transitions by Computer Simulation 299
8.1 Introductory Remarks 299
8.2 Phase Transition of Hard-Sphere Model (Alder Transition) 300
8.3 Phase Transition by Yukawa Potential and DLVO Potential 302
8.4 Phase Transitions by Pair G-Potential 306
8.5 Summary 321
References 322
9 Further Problems of Interparticle Interaction 324
9.1 Introductory Remarks 324
9.2 Charge Density of Colloidal Particles and the DLVO Theory 325
9.3 DLVO Potential or Pair G-Potential? 325
9.4 Direct Measurements of Interparticle Potential 332
9.5 Comparison of Recent Computer Simulation with Experiments 342
9.6 Other Related Problems 343
References 346
Index 348