Science, Technology and Society in Postwar Japan

Shigeru Nakayama

Preface, 1 Introduction, Four-sector approach, Conceptual Apparatus Employed, Indistinguishability of Science and Technology Science Classified and Defined According to Assessors Academic Sector and Academic Science, Public Sector and Public Science, Private Sector and Private Science, Sponsored Science, Technocratic Science, Citizen Sector and Service Science, Two Other Criteria for Classifying Science i. Publicized Science and Privatized Science, ii. Competition Mechanism, Periodization and Structure, 2 Democracy Versus Technocracy in Science, Problematique. i Postwar Democracy and Science (late 40s to early 50s), A. Military vs. Scientists during the Occupation, B. 'Happy Marriage' of Democracy and Science: The Case of Minka, ii Changing Relationship Between and Definition of ‘Science and Democracy' 3. Changing Models of Japanese Universities 4 Expansion and Limit of Academic Science 5 High Economic Growth and Private Science 6 Weakness of National Projects- Public Science 7 Grassroots Revolt- Possibility of Service Science 8 Microelectronics Revolution 9 Competition and Cooperation Japan- USA Phase 10 Looking to the Future