The Plant Viruses

1 Polyhedral Plant Viruses with Monopartite RNA Genomes: Introduction and Summary of Important Properties.- 2 Tombusviruses.- I. Introduction.- II. Diseases, Host Ranges, and Geographical Distribution.- A. General Features.- B. Diseases.- III. Transmission, Ecology, and Control.- A. Transmission.- B. Ecology.- C. Control.- IV. Purification.- V. Properties of Virus Particles.- A. Particle Morphology.- B. Sedimentation.- C. Electrophoretic Properties.- D. Coat Protein Subunits.- E. Structure of Virus Particles.- VI. Serology and Immunochemistry.- A. General Features.- B. Serology in Virus Identification.- C. Serology in Virus Classification.- D. Immunochemical Studies.- VII. Genome Properties and Replication.- A. Structure of Genomic RNA.- B. Expression of the Genome.- C. Viral Replication.- VIII. Relations with Cells and Tissues.- A. General Cytology of Infected Cells.- B. Appearance and Intracellular Distribution of Virus Particles.- C. Inclusion Bodies.- IX. Satellites.- X. Recent Developments.- References.- 3 Carnation Mottle Virus and Viruses with Similar Properties.- I. Introduction.- II. Geographical Distribution, Host Range, and Transmission.- A. Diseases of Ornamental Crops.- B. Diseases of Cucurbits.- C. Diseases of Legumes.- D. Viruses of Other Hosts.- III. Purification.- IV. Properties of the Virus Particles.- A. Particle Morphology.- B. Physical and Chemical Properties.- C. Virus Particle Structure.- V. Serological Properties.- VI. Genome Properties and Replication.- A. Genome Structure.- B. Regulation and Expression of the Genome.- C. Viral Replication.- VII. Cytopathology.- VIII. Satellites.- IX. Conclusions.- X. Recent Developments.- References.- 4 The Sobemovirus Group.- I. Introduction.- II. The Viruses and Diseases.- A. Southern Bean Mosaic Virus.- B. Blueberry Shoestring Virus.- C. Cocksfoot Mottle Virus.- D. Lucerne Transient Streak Virus.- E. Rice Yellow Mottle Virus.- F. Solanum Nodiflorum Mottle Virus.- G. Sowbane Mosaic Virus.- H. Subterranean Clover Mottle Virus.- I. Turnip Rosette Virus.- J. Velvet Tobacco Mottle Virus.- K. Cocksfoot Mild Mosaic Virus.- L. Cynosurus Mottle Virus.- M. Ginger Chlorotic Fleck Virus.- N. Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus.- O. Olive Latent Virus-L.- P. Panicum Mosaic Virus.- III. Transmission.- IV. Purification.- V. Particle Properties.- A. Size and Shape of Particles.- B. Sedimentation.- C. Isopycnic Banding.- D. Composition of Particles.- E. Coat Proteins.- F. Capsid Stabilization and Structure.- VI. Serology.- VII. Genome Properties, Expression, and Replication.- A. Virion RNA.- B. Nucleic Acid Homologies.- C. Replication and Expression.- VIII. Cytopathology.- IX. Conclusions.- References.- 5 Tobacco Necrosis, Satellite Tobacco Necrosis, and Related Viruses.- I. Introduction.- II. Geographical Distribution, Host Range, Diseases, and Epidemiology.- III. Transmission.- IV. Purification and Separation of TNV and TNSV.- V. Properties of the Virions, Their RNAs, and Their Coat Proteins.- VI. Serology of TNV and TNSV.- VII. Translation and Replication of the Genomes of TNV and TNSV.- VIII. Cytopathology.- IX. Other Necroviruses.- X. Conclusions.- References.- 6 Tymoviruses.- I. Introduction.- II. Geographical Distribution, Host Ranges, Diseases, and Symptomatology.- III. Transmission, Epidemiology, and Control.- IV. Purification.- A. General Procedures.- B. Diversity of Purification Products.- V. Properties and Constituents of Particles.- A. The RNAs.- B. The Capsid Protein.- C. Polyamines.- D. Structure of the Capsids of TYMV.- E. Protein-RNA Interactions inside TYMV.- F. Formation and Properties of Artificial Capsids.- G. Stability and Structure of Tymoviruses Other than TYMV.- H. Decapsidation of TYMV.- VI. Serology and Immunochemistry.- VII. Genome Properties and Replication.- A. In vitro Messenger Properties of TYMV RNAs.- B. tRNA-like Structure at the 3’-OH Extremity of TYMV RNA.- C. Replication.- VIII. Relations with Cells.- A. Cellular Symptomatology.- B. Modifications in Protoplasts infected by TYMV.- IX. Conclusions.- References.- 7 Maize Rayado Fino and Related Viruses.- I. Introduction.- II. Geographical Distribution, Host Range, and Diseases.- A. Geographical Distribution.- B. Host Range and Symptomatology.- III. Transmission, Epidemiology, and Control.- A. Transmission.- B. Epidemiology.- C. Control.- IV. Purification.- A. Purification of the Viruses.- B. Purification of RNA.- V. Particle Properties.- A. Physicochemical Properties.- B. Capsid Protein Studies.- C. Electron Microscopy Studies of Isolated Particles.- D. Capsid Structure of MRFV.- VI. Serology and Immunochemistry.- A. Gel Double-Immunodiffusion Tests.- B. Blot Transfers and Immunological Detection of Viral Proteins.- VII. Genome Properties.- A. Properties of the RNA.- B. In vitro Expression of MRFV-RNA.- VIII. Relations with Cells and Tissues.- A. In Plant Hosts.- B. In Insect Hosts.- IX. Evolutionary Considerations.- References.- 8 Luteoviruses.- I. Introduction.- II. Taxonomy and Properties of Individual Viruses.- A. Beet Western Yellows Virus.- B. Rice Giallume Virus.- C. Carrot Red Leaf Virus.- D. Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus.- E. Bean Leaf Roll Virus.- F. Soybean Dwarf Virus.- G. Potato Leaf Roll Virus.- H. Tomato Yellow Top Virus.- I. Tobacco Necrotic Dwarf Virus.- J. Solanum Yellows Virus.- K. Groundnut Rosette Assistor Virus.- L. Strawberry Mild Yellow-Edge Virus.- M. Banana Bunchy Top Virus.- III. Transmission and Control.- IV. Purification.- V. Particle Properties.- VI. Serology.- VII. Genome Properties and Replication.- VIII. Cytopathology.- IX. Conclusions.- References.- 9 Maize Chlorotic Dwarf and Related Viruses.- I. Introduction and History.- II. Geographical Distribution, Diseases, and Host Ranges.- A. Geographical Distribution.- B. Main Diseases.- C. Host Range.- D. Losses.- III. Transmission, Epidemiology, and Control.- A. Transmission.- B. Epidemiology.- C. Control.- IV. Purification.- V. Particle Properties.- VI. Serology and Immunochemistry.- VII. Genome Properties and Replication.- VIII. Relations with Cells and Tissues.- References.- 10 Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus, Type Member of a Proposed New Plant Virus Group, and a Possible Second Member, Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- I. Introduction.- II. Hosts, Diseases, and Geographical Distribution.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- III. Transmission, Epidemiology and Control.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- IV. Purification.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- V. Particle Properties.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- VI. Serology.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- VII. Genome Properties.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- VIII. Relations with Cells and Tissues.- A. Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus.- B. Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- IX. Possible Affinities of Parsnip Yellow Fleck Virus and Dandelion Yellow Mosaic Virus.- References.