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Arthropod Cell Cultures and Their Application to the Study of Viruses
Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
978-3-540-05451-1 (ISBN)
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In 1956, EARL left the Navy to attend George Washington University, where he earned an M. S. degree in 1958 and a Ph. D. degree in 1963.
1 The Culture of Cells from Insects and Ticks.- I. Cultivation of Dipteran Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Established Dipteran Cell Lines.- C. Primary Cultures from Three Additional Dipteran Species.- 1. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. salinarius.- 2. Glossina morsitans.- D. General Discussion.- 1. Origin of Cells in Culture.- 2. Culture Media and Cell Nutrition.- II. Culture of Cells of the Flesh Fly, Sarcophaga bullata.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- III. Establishment and Characterization of Two New Cell Lines (CP-1268 and CP-169) from the Codling Moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (with a Review of Culture of Cells and Tissues from Lepidoptera).- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Discussion.- 1. Growth of the Primary Culture.- 2. Morphology.- 3. Growth Characteristics.- 4. Chromosome Analysis.- IV. A Cell Line Isolated from Hemocytes of Samia cynthia Pupae.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion and Conclusions.- V. Present Status of Tick Tissue Culture.- 2 Analysis of Cells from Established Insect Cell Lines.- I. Introduction.- II. Morphological and Cultural Characteristics of Culiseta inornata and Aedes vexans Mosquito Cell Lines.- III. Antigenic Relationships of Mosquito Cell Lines as Determined by Immunodiffusion Techniques.- IV. Characterization and Identification of Insect Cell Cultures.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- Insect Tissue Cultures.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Preparation of Antisera.- Isoenzyme Techniques.- Sterility Tests.- C. Results.- Microbial Sterility Studies.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Agar Gel Immunodiffusion.- Isoenzyme Analysis.- D. Discussion.- V. Cytogenetic Studies on Cells in Culture from the Class Insecta.- A. Materials and Methods.- B. Results.- 3 Physiology of Cultivated Arthropod Cells.- I. Introduction.- II. Drosophila Neuron Differentiation in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Observations on Living Cells.- C. Observations on Fixed Material.- D. Conclusions.- III. Cultivation of Insect Endocrine Glands in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Prothoracic Glands.- 2. Corpus Allatum-Cardiacum Complex.- 3. Brain-Corpus Cardiacum Complex.- D. Discussion.- IV. Production of Human-Mosquito Somatic Cell Hybrids and their Response to Virus Infection.- A. Introduction.- B. The Production of Interphylum Hybrids: Cultural Morphology and Evidence of Hybrid Production.- C. Virus Infection of Interphylum Hybrids.- V. The Uptake of Free and Serum-Bound Sterols by Insect Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Sterol Uptake by Insect Cells.- 1. Sterol Content of the Medium.- 2. Uptake of Serum Sterols by Insect Cells.- 3. Uptake of 4?14C-Labeled Cholesterol.- C. Discussion.- VI. Comparative Lipid Analysis of Aedes aegypti and Monkey Kidney Cells (MK-2) Cultivated in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- VII. Studies Attempting to Elucidate the in Vivo Function(s) of Grace's Antheraea eucalypti Cell Strains.- VIII. The Effects of Insecticides on Insect Cells Grown in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Effect of Insecticides on Insect Cells.- 2. Relative Susceptibilities of Cells and Mosquito Larvae.- D. Discussion 1ll.- 4 Arthropod Tissue Culture in the Study of Arboviruses and Rickettsiae: A Review.- A. Arbovirus Studies.- 1. Primary Arthropod Tissue and Cell Cultures.- 2. The Antheraea eucalypti Cell Line.- 3. Mosquito Cell Lines.- B. Rickettsial Studies.- C. Concluding Remarks.- 5 Propagation of Arboviruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- I. Growth of Arboviruses in Aedes albopictus and A. aegypti Cell Lines.- A. Susceptibility of Mosquito Cell Lines to Viruses.- B. Growth of Arboviruses in Mosquito Cell Lines.- C. Cytopathic Effect.- D. Primary Isolation of Arboviruses.- E. Carrier Cultures.- II. Multiplication of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong Viruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Conclusion.- III. Growth Studies of California Encephalitis Virus in Two Aedes Mosquito Cell Line Cultures.- 6 Growth of Arboviruses in Arthropod Cell Cultures: Comparative Studies.- I. Preliminary Observations on Growth of Arboviruses in a Newly Established Line of Mosquito Cell (Culex quinquefasciatusSay).- A. Establishment and Characterization of the Cell Line.- B. Susceptibility to Infection with Arboviruses.- II. Attempts to Grow Tacaribe and Junin Viruses in Grace'1 The Culture of Cells from Insects and Ticks.- I. Cultivation of Dipteran Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Established Dipteran Cell Lines.- C. Primary Cultures from Three Additional Dipteran Species.- 1. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. salinarius.- 2. Glossina morsitans.- D. General Discussion.- 1. Origin of Cells in Culture.- 2. Culture Media and Cell Nutrition.- II. Culture of Cells of the Flesh Fly, Sarcophaga bullata.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- III. Establishment and Characterization of Two New Cell Lines (CP-1268 and CP-169) from the Codling Moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (with a Review of Culture of Cells and Tissues from Lepidoptera).- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Discussion.- 1. Growth of the Primary Culture.- 2. Morphology.- 3. Growth Characteristics.- 4. Chromosome Analysis.- IV. A Cell Line Isolated from Hemocytes of Samia cynthia Pupae.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion and Conclusions.- V. Present Status of Tick Tissue Culture.- 2 Analysis of Cells from Established Insect Cell Lines.- I. Introduction.- II. Morphological and Cultural Characteristics of Culiseta inornata and Aedes vexans Mosquito Cell Lines.- III. Antigenic Relationships of Mosquito Cell Lines as Determined by Immunodiffusion Techniques.- IV. Characterization and Identification of Insect Cell Cultures.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- Insect Tissue Cultures.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Preparation of Antisera.- Isoenzyme Techniques.- Sterility Tests.- C. Results.- Microbial Sterility Studies.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Agar Gel Immunodiffusion.- Isoenzyme Analysis.- D. Discussion.- V. Cytogenetic Studies on Cells in Culture from the Class Insecta.- A. Materials and Methods.- B. Results.- 3 Physiology of Cultivated Arthropod Cells.- I. Introduction.- II. Drosophila Neuron Differentiation in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Observations on Living Cells.- C. Observations on Fixed Material.- D. Conclusions.- III. Cultivation of Insect Endocrine Glands in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Prothoracic Glands.- 2. Corpus Allatum-Cardiacum Complex.- 3. Brain-Corpus Cardiacum Complex.- D. Discussion.- IV. Production of Human-Mosquito Somatic Cell Hybrids and their Response to Virus Infection.- A. Introduction.- B. The Production of Interphylum Hybrids: Cultural Morphology and Evidence of Hybrid Production.- C. Virus Infection of Interphylum Hybrids.- V. The Uptake of Free and Serum-Bound Sterols by Insect Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Sterol Uptake by Insect Cells.- 1. Sterol Content of the Medium.- 2. Uptake of Serum Sterols by Insect Cells.- 3. Uptake of 4?14C-Labeled Cholesterol.- C. Discussion.- VI. Comparative Lipid Analysis of Aedes aegypti and Monkey Kidney Cells (MK-2) Cultivated in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- VII. Studies Attempting to Elucidate the in Vivo Function(s) of Grace's Antheraea eucalypti Cell Strains.- VIII. The Effects of Insecticides on Insect Cells Grown in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Effect of Insecticides on Insect Cells.- 2. Relative Susceptibilities of Cells and Mosquito Larvae.- D. Discussion 1ll.- 4 Arthropod Tissue Culture in the Study of Arboviruses and Rickettsiae: A Review.- A. Arbovirus Studies.- 1. Primary Arthropod Tissue and Cell Cultures.- 2. The Antheraea eucalypti Cell Line.- 3. Mosquito Cell Lines.- B. Rickettsial Studies.- C. Concluding Remarks.- 5 Propagation of Arboviruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- I. Growth of Arboviruses in Aedes albopictus and A. aegypti Cell Lines.- A. Susceptibility of Mosquito Cell Lines to Viruses.- B. Growth of Arboviruses in Mosquito Cell Lines.- C. Cytopathic Effect.- D. Primary Isolation of Arboviruses.- E. Carrier Cultures.- II. Multiplication of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong Viruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Conclusion.- III. Growth Studies of California Encephalitis Virus in Two Aedes Mosquito Cell Line Cultures.- 6 Growth of Arboviruses in Arthropod Cell Cultures: Comparative Studies.- I. Preliminary Observations on Growth of Arboviruses in a Newly Established Line of Mosquito Cell (Culex quinquefasciatusSay).- A. Establishment and Characterization of the Cell Line.- B. Susceptibility to Infection with Arboviruses.- II. Attempts to Grow Tacaribe and Junin Viruses in Grace'1 The Culture of Cells from Insects and Ticks.- I. Cultivation of Dipteran Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Established Dipteran Cell Lines.- C. Primary Cultures from Three Additional Dipteran Species.- 1. Culex tritaeniorhynchus, C. salinarius.- 2. Glossina morsitans.- D. General Discussion.- 1. Origin of Cells in Culture.- 2. Culture Media and Cell Nutrition.- II. Culture of Cells of the Flesh Fly, Sarcophaga bullata.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- III. Establishment and Characterization of Two New Cell Lines (CP-1268 and CP-169) from the Codling Moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (with a Review of Culture of Cells and Tissues from Lepidoptera).- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Discussion.- 1. Growth of the Primary Culture.- 2. Morphology.- 3. Growth Characteristics.- 4. Chromosome Analysis.- IV. A Cell Line Isolated from Hemocytes of Samia cynthia Pupae.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion and Conclusions.- V. Present Status of Tick Tissue Culture.- 2 Analysis of Cells from Established Insect Cell Lines.- I. Introduction.- II. Morphological and Cultural Characteristics of Culiseta inornata and Aedes vexans Mosquito Cell Lines.- III. Antigenic Relationships of Mosquito Cell Lines as Determined by Immunodiffusion Techniques.- IV. Characterization and Identification of Insect Cell Cultures.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- Insect Tissue Cultures.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Preparation of Antisera.- Isoenzyme Techniques.- Sterility Tests.- C. Results.- Microbial Sterility Studies.- Frozen Storage of Cells.- Agar Gel Immunodiffusion.- Isoenzyme Analysis.- D. Discussion.- V. Cytogenetic Studies on Cells in Culture from the Class Insecta.- A. Materials and Methods.- B. Results.- 3 Physiology of Cultivated Arthropod Cells.- I. Introduction.- II. Drosophila Neuron Differentiation in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Observations on Living Cells.- C. Observations on Fixed Material.- D. Conclusions.- III. Cultivation of Insect Endocrine Glands in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Prothoracic Glands.- 2. Corpus Allatum-Cardiacum Complex.- 3. Brain-Corpus Cardiacum Complex.- D. Discussion.- IV. Production of Human-Mosquito Somatic Cell Hybrids and their Response to Virus Infection.- A. Introduction.- B. The Production of Interphylum Hybrids: Cultural Morphology and Evidence of Hybrid Production.- C. Virus Infection of Interphylum Hybrids.- V. The Uptake of Free and Serum-Bound Sterols by Insect Cells in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Sterol Uptake by Insect Cells.- 1. Sterol Content of the Medium.- 2. Uptake of Serum Sterols by Insect Cells.- 3. Uptake of 4?14C-Labeled Cholesterol.- C. Discussion.- VI. Comparative Lipid Analysis of Aedes aegypti and Monkey Kidney Cells (MK-2) Cultivated in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods.- C. Results.- D. Discussion.- VII. Studies Attempting to Elucidate the in Vivo Function(s) of Grace's Antheraea eucalypti Cell Strains.- VIII. The Effects of Insecticides on Insect Cells Grown in Vitro.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results.- 1. Effect of Insecticides on Insect Cells.- 2. Relative Susceptibilities of Cells and Mosquito Larvae.- D. Discussion 1ll.- 4 Arthropod Tissue Culture in the Study of Arboviruses and Rickettsiae: A Review.- A. Arbovirus Studies.- 1. Primary Arthropod Tissue and Cell Cultures.- 2. The Antheraea eucalypti Cell Line.- 3. Mosquito Cell Lines.- B. Rickettsial Studies.- C. Concluding Remarks.- 5 Propagation of Arboviruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- I. Growth of Arboviruses in Aedes albopictus and A. aegypti Cell Lines.- A. Susceptibility of Mosquito Cell Lines to Viruses.- B. Growth of Arboviruses in Mosquito Cell Lines.- C. Cytopathic Effect.- D. Primary Isolation of Arboviruses.- E. Carrier Cultures.- II. Multiplication of Chikungunya and O'nyong-nyong Viruses in Singh's Aedes Cell Lines.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Conclusion.- III. Growth Studies of California Encephalitis Virus in Two Aedes Mosquito Cell Line Cultures.- 6 Growth of Arboviruses in Arthropod Cell Cultures: Comparative Studies.- I. Preliminary Observations on Growth of Arboviruses in a Newly Established Line of Mosquito Cell (Culex quinquefasciatusSay).- A. Establishment and Characterization of the Cell Line.- B. Susceptibility to Infection with Arboviruses.- II. Attempts to Grow Tacaribe and Junin Viruses in Grace's Continuous Line of Moth Cells.- William D. Hann and Robertson B. Clarke.- III. A Comparative Study of the Viral Susceptibility of Monolayer and Suspended Mosquito Cell Lines.- 7 Growth of Viruses in Arthropod Cell Cultures: Applications.- I. Attenuation of Semliki Forest (SF) Virus in Continuously Cultured Aedes aegypti Mosquito Cells (Peleg) as a Step in Production of Vaccines.- II. Cultivation of Oncogenic Viruses in Mosquito Cells in Vitro.- A. Materials and Methods.- B. Results.- III. RNA of Uninfected and Sindbis Virus-Infected Aedes albopictus Cells.- A. Properties of RNA Extracted from A. albopictus Cells.- B. Properties of Sindbis Virus-specific RNA Extracted from Infected A. albopictus Cells.- 8 Homoptera Cell Culture and Its Application to the Study of Plant Pathogens.- II. In Vitro Cultivation.- A. Early Work.- B. Primary Culture of Leaf hopper.- C. Establishment of Leaf hopper Cell Lines.- D. Growth of Leaf hopper Cells.- E. Primary Culture of Aphids and Planthoppers.- III. Application to the Study of Plant Pathogens.- A. Aster Yellow.- B. Rice Dwarf.- C. Wound Tumor.- D. Potato Yellow Dwarf.- E. Sowthistle Yellow Vein.- F. Animal and Insect Viruses in Leafhopper Cell Cultures.- 9 Lepidoptera Cell Culture and Its Application to the Study of Plant Viruses and Animal Parasites.- I. Cultivation of Gypsy Moth Hemocytes.- A. Preparation and Observation of Primary Cultures.- B. Subculturing of Cells.- C. Viral Infection of Primary Cultures.- II. Growth of a Microsporidian Parasite in Cultured Cells of Tent Caterpillars (Malacosoma).- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Discussion.- III. Drosophila Cells in Vitro: Behavior and Utilization for Genetic Purpose.- A. Introduction.- B. Materials and Methods.- C. Results and Discussion.- 10 Drosophila Cell Culture and Its Application for the Study of Genetics and Virology.- I. Drosophila Cells in Vitro: Behavior and Utilization for Genetic Purpose.- A. Short Term Cultures.- B. Long Term Cultures.- C. Conclusion.- II. Established Diploid Cell Lines of Drosophila melanogaster as Potential Material for the Study of Genetics of Somatic Cells.- A. Isolation of Clones.- B. Selection of Suitable Genetic Markers.- C. Cell Fusion.- D. Somatic Pairing and Crossing Over.- E. Conclusion 22.- III. Arbovirus Multiplication in an Established Diploid Cell Line of Drosophila melanogaster.- A. Materials and Methods.- B. Experimental Results.- IV. Sigma Virus Multiplication in Drosophila Cell Lines of Different Genotypes.- A. Short Term Multiplication.- B. Long Term Infection.- C. Infection of Refractory Cell Lines of Drosophila.- D. Conclusion.- V. The SR Condition in Drosophila bifasciata: In Vivo and in Vitro Growth.- A. Methods.- B. Results and Discussion.- 11 New Opportunities in Biological Research Offered by Arthropod Cell Cultures.- I. Some Speculations on the Possible Role of Arthropods in the Evolution of Arboviruses.- II. Future Possibilities of Arthropod Cell Culture in Parasitology and in Developmental Biology.- References.- Author Index.
Reihe/Serie | Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ; 55 |
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Zusatzinfo | biography |
Verlagsort | Berlin |
Sprache | englisch |
Gewicht | 760 g |
Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie |
Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Evolution | |
ISBN-10 | 3-540-05451-0 / 3540054510 |
ISBN-13 | 978-3-540-05451-1 / 9783540054511 |
Zustand | Neuware |
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