Netter's Physiology Flash Cards

Section 1: Cell Physiology 1-1.Membrane Proteins 1-2.Body Fluid Compartments 1-3.Measurement of fluid compartments 1-4.Starling forces across the capillary wall 1-5.Fluid Balance 1-6.Cellular Transport I: Active Transport 1-7.Cellular Transport II: Gated channels 1-8.Cellular Transport III: Solute Movement 1-9.Cellular Transport IV: Vesicular Transport 1-10.Cellular Transport V: Water Channels 1-11.Signal Transduction I: Ca2+ 1-12.Signal Transduction II: G-Protein Coupled Receptors 1-13.Signal Transduction III: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway 1-14.Signal Transduction IV: Nuclear Protein Receptors Section 2: The Nervous System and Muscle 2-1.Nernst Potential 2-2.Resting Membrane Potential 2-3.Axonal Action Potential 2-4.Neurons 2-5.Axonal conduction 2-6.Morphology of Synapses 2-7.Chemical Synaptic Transmission 2-8.Structure of the Neuromuscular Junction 2-9.Sarcoplasmic Reticulum 2-10.Excitation-Contraction Coupling 2-11.Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Relaxation 2-12.Biochemical Mechanics of Muscle Contraction 2-13.Excitation-Contraction Coupling of Smooth Muscle 2-14.Cardiac Muscle Structure 2-15.Major parts of the Central Nervous System and the Vertebral Column 2-16.Major Functions of the Hypothalamus 2-17.Somatic Component of the Peripheral Nervous System 2-18.Skin and Cutaneous Receptors 2-19.Visual Receptors 2-20.Cochlear receptors 2-21.Vestibular Receptors 2-22.Taste Receptors 2-23.Olfactory Receptors 2-24.Muscle and Joint Receptors 2-25.Spinal Reflex Pathways for Stretch, Tendon Organ, and Flexor Withdrawal Reflexes 2-26.Corticospinal Tract 2-27.Functional Subdivisions of Cerebellum 2-28.General Characteristics of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous Systems 2-29.Actions of the Autonomic Nervous System Section 3: Cardiovascular Physiology 3-1.Pressures in the Circulation 3-2.Distribution of Cardiac Output 3-3.Chambers of the Heart 3-4.Cardiac Conduction System 3-5.Action Potential of Sinoatrial (SA) Node Cells 3-6.Action Potential of Ventricular Myocytes 3-7.Arterial Pressure Wave 3-8.Pressures in the Cardiovascular System 3-9.Poiseuille's Law 3-10.Poiseuille's Law II 3-11.Cross-Sectional Area (A) and Flow Velocity (V) 3-12.Laminar and Tubulent Flow 3-13.Wall Tension 3-14.Cardiac Cycle: Atrial Pressure Curve 3-15.Cardiac Cycle: Valve Opening and Closure 3-16.Cardiac Cycle: The Electrocardiogram 3-17.Autonomic Neurotransmitters and the Cardiovascular System 3-18.Baroreceptor Reflex 3-19.Cardiac Function Curve 3-20.Force-Velocity Relationship 3-21.Pressure-Volume Relationship 3-22.Cardiac Function and Vascular Function Curves I 3-23.Cardiac Function and Vascular Function Curves II 3-24.Vascular Wall 3-25.Microcirculation 3-26.Lymphatic Flow 3-27.Local Regulation of Blood Flow 3-28.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 3-29.Coronary Blood Flow 3-30.Fetal Circulation Section 4: Respiratory Physiology 4-1.Pressures in the Pulmonary Circulation 4-2.Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance 4-3.Lung Volume and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance 4-4.Chemical and Humoral Control of Pulmonary Vascular Resistance 4-5.Intrapulmonary Airways 4-6.Ultrastructure of Airways 4-7.Lung Volumes 4-8.Respiratory Muscles 4-9.Partial Pressure of Gases in the Atmosphere 4-10.Partial Pressure of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Inspired Air, Alveolar Air and Blood 4-11.Alveolar Gas Equation 4-12.Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow 4-13.Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships 4-14.Pressure-Volume Relationships of Respiratory System 4-15.Pulmonary Compliance 4-16.Surface Forces in the Lung 4-17.Airway Flow I 4-18.Airway Flow II 4-19.Expiratory Flow-Volume Relationship 4-20.Lung Disease I 4-21.Lung Disease II 4-22.Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve I 4-23.Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve II 4-24.Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve III 4-25.Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve IV 4-26.Carbon Dioxide Transport I 4-27.Carbon Dioxide Transport II 4-28.Role of Lungs in pH Balance 4-29.Control of Respiration 4-30.Respiratory Response to Exercise Section 5: Renal Physiology 5-1.Anatomy of the Kidney 5-2.Anatomy of the Kidney: The Nephron 5-3.Anatomy of the Kidney: Nephron Populations 5-4.Anatomy of the Kidney: The Glomerulus 5-5.Glomerular Filtration 5-6.Renal Handling of Substances: Calculations 5-7.Regulation of Renal Hemodynamics I 5-8.Regulation of Renal Hemodynamics II 5-9.General Solute Handling Through the Nephron I 5-10.General Solute Handling Through the Nephron II 5-11.General Solute Handling Through the Nephron III 5-12.General Solute Handling Through the Nephron IV 5-13.Nephron Sites of Sodium Handling 5-14.Hormonal Control of Renal Sodium Reabsorption 5-15.Reabsorption of Glucose I 5-16.Reabsorption of Glucose II 5-17.Renal Bicarbonate Handling 5-18.Renal Solute Handling: Potassium Handling I 5-19.Renal Solute Handling: Potassium Handling II 5-20.Renal Calcium Handling 5-21.Renal Phosphate Handling 5-22.Interstitial Concentration Gradient 5-23.Urine Concentration 5-24.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) I 5-25.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) II 5-26.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) III 5-27.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) IV 5-28.Volume Regulation I: Integrative Response to Volume Contraction 5-29.Volume Regulation II: Integrated Response to Volume Expansion 5-30.Acid-Base I: Renal Mechanisms of Acid-Base Homeostasis 5-31.Acid-Base II: Ammonia Synthesis 5-32.Acid-Base III: Net Acid Excretion (NAE) 5-33.Acid-Base IV: Titratable Acids 5-34.Acid-Base V: Acidosis and Anion Gap 5-35.Acid-Base Imbalances I 5-36.Acid-Base Imbalances II Section 6: Gastrointestinal Physiology 6-1.GI Anatomy: Overview of the GI Tract 6-2.GI Anatomy: Enteric Nervous System 6-3.GI Anatomy: The Portal System 6-4.The Thirst Response 6-5.Autonomic Nerves in the GI Tract 6-6.Peristalsis 6-7.Electrical Potentials in the GI Tract 6-8.Control of Gastric Emptying 6-9.Motility in the Colon 6-10.General Gastrointestinal Reflexes 6-11.Saliva 6-12.Gastric Pit Cells 6-13.Parietal Cell Production of Acid 6-14.Stimulation of Gastric Acid Secretion 6-15.GI Anatomy: Ductal System for Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreatic Secretions 6-16.Major GI hormones 6-17.Anatomy of the Liver 6-18.Liver Metabolism 6-19.Bile Production and Secretion 6-20.Portal Hypertension 6-21.Stimulation of Digestive Enzymes 6-22.Carbohydrate Digestion 6-23.Carbohydrate Absorption 6-24.Protein Digestion 6-25.Protein Absorption 6-26.Lipid Digestion I: Enzymes 6-27.Lipid Digestion II: Bile and Micelle Formation 6-28.Intracellular Lipid Processing 6-29.Fluid and Electrolyte Absorption 6-30.Calcium Absorption 6-31.Vitamin B12 Absorption Section 7: Endocrine Physiology 7-1.General Principles of Hormone Binding I 7-2.General Principles of Hormone Binding II 7-3.Hypothalamus and Pituitary: Anatomy 7-4.Pituitary Gland: Anterior Pituitary Hormones 7-5.Pituitary Hormones: General Actions 7-6.Pituitary Hormones: Growth Hormone Feedback Systems 7-7.Pituitary Hormones: Male Reproductive Hormones 7-8.Pituitary Hormones: Female Reproductive Hormones 7-9.Thyroid Hormone: Control of Thyroid Hormone Synthesis 7-10.Thyroid Hormone: Synthesis 7-11.Thyroid Hormone: Intracellular Actions 7-12.Thyroid Hormone: General Systemic Actions 7-13.Adrenal Hormones: Adrenal Gland Structure 7-14.Adrenal Hormones: Adrenal Cortical Hormones 7-15.The Endocrine Pancreas: major hormones 7-16.The Endocrine Pancreas: Insulin secretion 7-17.The Endocrine Pancreas: Actions of Insulin 7-18.The Endocrine Pancreas: Actions of Glucagon 7-19.Calcium-Regulating Hormones: Vitamin D 7-20.Calcium-Regulating Hormones: Actions of Vitamin D 7-21.Calcium-Regulating Hormones: Actions of Parathyroid Hormone 7-22.Calcium-Regulating Hormones: Altered Parathyroid Secretion 7-23.Reproductive Hormones: Development of Genital Sex 7-24.Reproductive Hormones: Puberty and Secondary Sex Characteristics 7-25.Reproductive Hormones: Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle 7-26.Reproductive Hormones: Feedback Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle 7-27.Reproductive Hormones: The Testes and Spermatogenesis 7-28.Reproductive Hormones: Control of Testicular Function