Osseointegration and Dental Implants

Dr. Asbjorn Jokstad is Professor and Head of Prosthodontics at the University of Toronto and the Nobel Biocare Chair in Prosthodontics.

Foreword ix Preface xi

Contributing Authors xiii

Introduction xix
Asbjorn Jokstad

1 Implant Dentistry: A Technology Assessment 3

How Many Implant Systems Do We Have and Are They Documented? 3
Asbjorn Jokstad

What Have We Learned from Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials on Oral Implants? 9
Marco Esposito, Maria Gabriella Grusovin, Paul Coulthard, and Helen Worthington

Systematic Reviews of Survival and Complication Rates of Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses and Single Crowns 14
Bjarni Elvar Pætursson

2 Comprehensive Treatment Planning for Complete Arch Restorations 27

Treatment of the Edentulous Maxilla and Mandible with Implant-Retained Overdentures 27
David A. Felton

Key Implant Positions and Implant Number: A Biomechanical Rationale 32
Carl E. Misch

Treatment Alternatives for the Terminal Dentition Patient 35
Luca Cordaro

3 Comprehensive Treatment Planning for the Patient with Complex Treatment Needs 43

The Challenging Patient with Facial Deformities, Rare Disorders, or Old Age 43
Birgitta Bergendal, James D. Anderson, and Frauke Müller

4 Comprehensive Treatment Planning for the Patient with Oral or Systemic Inflammation 63

The Efficacy of Osseointegrated Dental Implants for Periodontally Compromised Patients 63
Myron Nevins and David M. Kim

Profiles and Treatment Options for Refractory Patients in a Periodontal Practice 70
Øystein Fardal and Gerard J. Linden

Systemic Implications of Periimplant Infl ammation: Mimicry of the Periodontitis-Systemic Disease Model? 74
Howard C. Tenenbaum, Michael Glogauer, Michael Landzberg, and Michael Goldberg

5 Surgery Phase Planning 85

Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Utilizing CT Scan Technology for Improving Surgical and Restorative Implant Reconstruction: Tools of Empowerment 85
Scott D. Ganz

Immediate Implants in Infected Sites: Contraindications Reconsidered 95
Jay R. Beagle

Image-Based Implant Therapy: Current Status and Future Perspectives 101
Homah Zadeh

6 Pre-implant Surgical Interventions 117

Horizontal and Vertical Bone Regeneration in the Maxilla and Mandible 117
Burton Langer

Pre-implant Surgical Interventions Tissue-Engineering Solutions 125
E. Todd Scheyer

Guided Bone Regeneration with or without Bone Grafts: From Experimental Studies to Clinical Application 129
Nikolaos Donos

7 Pre-implant Surgical Augmentation Interventions 141

Hard-Tissue Augmentation to Osseointegrate Implants 141
Friedrich W. Neukam, Emeka Nkenke, and Rainer Lutz

Onlay and Inlay Grafting in Implant Rehabilitation: Clinical Aspects 148
Karl-Erik Kahnberg

Is Autogenous Bone Still the "Gold Standard" for Grafting? Current Opinion on the Use of Autograft in Implant Dentistry 152
Craig M. Misch

8 Pre-implant Surgical Interventions with Focus on the Maxilla 167

Evolution of the Sinus Augmentation Procedure: 1982, 2008, and Beyond 167
Stephen S. Wallace and Stuart J. Froum

Bone Augmentation in the Severely Resorbed Maxilla 175
Lars Rasmusson

9 Biomaterials and Substances for Site Optimizing 183

Alveolar Augmentation: Past, Present, and Future 183
Ulf M.E. Wikesjö, Massimo Simion, and Michael S. Reddy

10 Implant Surgery Interventions 197

Three-Dimensional Reverse Tissue Engineering for Optimal Dental Implant Reconstruction 197
Michael A. Pikos and Albert H. Mattia

11 The Implant and Biological Response 205

The Healing Bone-Implant Interface: Role of Micromotion and Related Strain Levels in Tissue 205
John B. Brunski, Jennifer A. Currey, Jill A. Helms, Philipp Leucht, Antonio Nanci, and Rima Wazen

12 The Implant Surface and Biological Response 213

The Changing Interface 213
John E. Davies, Peter Schüpbach, and Lyndon Cooper

13 The Implant Design and Biological Response 225

Influences of Implant Design and Surface Properties on Osseointegration and Implant Stability 225
Jan Gottlow

Implant Surface Design and Local Stress Fields—Effects on Peri-implant Bone Formation and Retention with "Short" Porous-Surfaced Implants 230
Robert M. Pilliar

14 Loading Protocols and Biological Response 239
Peter K. Moy, Georgios E. Romanos, and Mario Roccuzzo

15 Restorative Phase Treatment Planning 255

Integration of Biological Principles to Achieve Stable Aesthetics 255
Clark M. Stanford

Changing Rationales: Connecting Teeth with Implants by a Suprastructure 260
Paul Weigl

16 Restorative Phase Treatment Planning Using Shortened Clinical Protocols 269

Stability of Implant-Abutment Connections 269
Thomas D. Taylor

Shortened Clinical Protocols: The (R)evolution Is Still Ongoing 273
Roland Glauser

17 The Transmucosal Component and the Supraconstruction Revolution 279

Abutment Design and Materials Using CAD/CAM Technology 279
Steven E. Eckert

CAD/CAM in Implant Dentistry 285
Jörg-R. Strub and Siegbert Witkowski

18 The Implant Design and Clinical Outcomes 295

Contemporary Dental Implants and Clinical Performance 295
John K. Schulte and Shadi Daher

The Internal Connection: A Contributing Factor to Achieving an Aesthetic Result 302
Antonio Sanz Ruiz

19 Loading Protocols and Clinical Outcomes 311

What Have We Learned about the Influence of Loading on the Quality and Maintenance of Osseointegration? 311
Ignace Naert, Katleen Vandamme, and Joke Duyck

The Concept of Early Loading 315
Hans-Peter Weber

What Have We Learned from Clinical Trials about Early Loading of Implants? 319
Asbjorn Jokstad

20 Patient Focus on Neurophysiology 333

A Neurophysiologic Perspective on Rehabilitation with Oral Implants and Their Potential Side Effects 333
Barry J. Sessle, Iven Klineberg, and Peter Svensson

21 Patient Focus on Expected and Unexpected Outcomes 345

Dental Implant Innovations—Growing Evidence for Best Decisions 345
Kent Knoernschild

Subjective and Objective Evaluation of Implant-Supported Reconstructions for Partially Edentulous Patients 354
Klaus Gotfredsen

22 Patient Focus on Function and Quality of Life and Future Implementation 361
J. Mark Thomason, Jocelyne S. Feine, and Daniel Wismeijer

23 Dental Implants in the Habilitation of Young Patients 373
George K.B. Sándor

24 Minimum Competency for Providing Implant Prosthodontics—What Should Be the Educational Requirements? 381

Guaranteeing Treatment for Everyone: Changing Educational Criteria for "Garden Variety" Cases to Major Bone Grafts 381
Kenneth W.M. Judy

Appendix: The Toronto Osseointegration Conference Revisited, May 9–10, 2008: Program and Biographies of Speakers 385

Index 405