Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures with Nursing Diagnoses

Contents

Preface vii

Acknowledgments ix

Reviewers x

 

Part I Laboratory Tests 001

Chapter 1 USING LABORATORY DATA 002

Chapter 2 HEMATOLOGY TESTS 025

Chapter 3 ROUTINE URINALYSIS AND OTHER URINE TESTS 064

Chapter 4 RENAL FUNCTION TESTS 090

Chapter 5 FOUR COMMONLY MEASURED ELECTROLYTES 111

Chapter 6 ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES AND RELATED TESTS 138

Chapter 7 THREE LESS COMMONLY MEASURED ELECTROLYTES 170

Chapter 8 TESTS TO MEASURE THE METABOLISM OF GLUCOSE AND OTHER SUGARS 193

Chapter 9 TESTS TO MEASURE LIPID METABOLISM AND OTHER CARDIAC RISK FACTORS 225

Chapter 10 TESTS RELATED TO SERUM PROTEIN LEVELS, TUMOR MARKERS, AND CANCER GENOMICS 246

Chapter 11 TESTS TO MEASURE THE METABOLISM OF BILIRUBIN 278

Chapter 12 TESTS TO MEASURE ENZYMES AND CARDIAC MARKERS 295

Chapter 13 COAGULATION TESTS AND TESTS TO DETECT OCCULT BLOOD 324

Chapter 14 SEROLOGIC TESTS, IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY, MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 363

Chapter 15 ENDOCRINE TESTS 412

Chapter 16 CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY TESTS AND RAPID TESTS FOR INFECTIONS 457

Chapter 17 THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING AND TOXICOLOGY SCREENS 495

Chapter 18 TESTS PERFORMED IN PREGNANCY, THE NEWBORN PERIOD, AND FOR GENETIC SCREENING 525

 



PART II Case Studies 555

Chapter 19 PRACTICE INTERPRETATION OF LABORATORY DATA 556

 

PART III Diagnostic Procedures 565

Chapter 20 DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGIC TESTS 566

Chapter 21 BODY SCANS: CT, MRI AND OTHERS 599

Chapter 22 NUCLEAR SCANS: DIAGNOSTIC TESTS WITH RADIONUCLIDES OR RADIOISOTOPES 621

Chapter 23 DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY 647

Chapter 24 COMMON NONINVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 668

Chapter 25 COMMON INVASIVE TESTS 691

Chapter 26 STRESS TESTS, CARDIAC CATHETERIZATIONS, ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES, AND SYNCOPE TESTS 718

Chapter 27 ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES 735

Chapter 28 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES RELATED TO CHILDBEARING YEARS 751

Appendix A REFERENCE VALUES FOR NEWBORNS AND CHILDREN COMPARED WITH ADULT VALUES 775

Appendix B POSSIBLE ALTERATIONS IN REFERENCE VALUES FOR THE AGED 778

Appendix C ALTERED REFERENCE VALUES FOR COMMON LABORATORY TESTS IN NORMAL PREGNANCIES 780

Appendix D UNITS OF MEASURE 782

Appendix E ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR PART I (LABORATORY TESTS) 784

Appendix F ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS FOR PART III (DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES) 786

Appendix G SI CONVERSION FACTORS 787

Appendix H DIAGRAMS OF LABORATORY RESULTS 791

Index 793