Geriatric Clinical Advisor

SECTION I DISEASES AND DISORDERS Abuse, elder, Alcoholism, Amyloidosis, Amytrophic lateral sclerosis, Anemia, iron deficiency, Anemia, pernicious, Aneurysm, abdominal aorta, Angina pectoris, Anxiety (generalized anxiety disorder), Aortic dissection, Aortic regurgitation, Aortic stenosis, Arthritis, rheumatoid, Aseptic necrosis, Asthma, Atrial fibrillation, Barrett's esophagus, Basal cell carcinoma, Bell's palsy, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Bladder cancer, Breast cancer, Bursitis, Bursitis, anserine, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Cataracts, Cellulitis, Cholelithiasis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cirrhosis, Colorectal cancer, Conjunctivitis, Constipation, Delirium, Dementia, Depressive disorder, major, Diabetes mellitus, Diverticular disease, Dupuytren's contracture, Dysphagia, Dystonia, Endometrial cancer, Erectile dysfunction, Esophageal tumors, Essential tremor, Failure to thrive, Falls, Femoral neck fracture, Fibromyalgia, Gastric cancer, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Giant cell arteritis, Glaucoma, chronic open-angle, Glaucoma, primary closed-angle, Gout, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Heat exhaustion and heat stroke, Heart failure, congestive, Heart failure, diastolic, Hematuria, Hemorrhoids, Herpes zoster, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypersmolar coma, Hyperparathyroidism, Hypertension, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Incontinence, fecal, Incontinence, urinary, Influenza, Insomnia, Irritable bowel syndrome, Laryngeal carcinoma, Leukemia, chronic lymphocytic, Lichen sclerosus, Lumbar disc syndromes, Lung neoplasms, primary, Lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's, Macular degeneration, Meniere's disease, Menopause, Mitral regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, Mitral valve prolapse, Multiple myeloma, Myelodysplastic syndromes, Myocardial infarction, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Obesity, Onychomycosis, Osteoarthritis, Osteomyelitis, Osteoporosis, Ovarian cancer, Paget's disease of the bone, Pancreatic cancer (exocrine), Parkinson's disease, Peptic ulcer disease, Peripheral arterial disease, Peripheral nerve dysfunction, Plantar fasciitis, Pneumonia, aspiration, Pneumonia, bacterial, Polymyalgia rheumatica, Prostate cancer, Prostatitis, Pseudogout, Pseudomembranous colitis, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary hypertension, Renal cell adenocarcinoma, Renal failure, acute, Renal failure, chronic, Restless legs syndrome, Rhinosinusitis, allergic, Rotator cuff syndrome, Scabies, Seizure disorders, Sexual dysfunction, Sick sinus syndrome, Sjorgren's syndrome, Sleep apnea, obstructive, Spinal stenosis, Squamous cell carcinoma, Stasis dermatitis, Stroke, Subdural hematoma, Syncope, Tardive dyskinesia, Tarsal tunnel syndrome, Tendinitis, bicipital, Thrombophlebitis, superficial, Thrombosis, deep vein, Thyroid nodule, Tinea corporis, Tinea pedis, Tinnitus, Transient ischemic attack, Trigeminal neuralgia, Trigger finger (digital stenosing tenosynovitis), Trocharnteric bursitis, Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Urinary tract infection, Urolithiasis, Urticaria, Uterine prolapse (pelvic organ prolapse), Vision loss, Vulvar cancer, Vulvovaginitis, estrogen deficient, Wounds SECTION II DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Abdominal distension, Abdominal pain, diffuse, Abdominal pain, epigastric,Abdominal pain, left lower quadrant, Abdominal pain, left upper quadrant, Abdominal pain, periumbilical, Abdominal pain, right lower quadrant, Abdominal pain, right upper quadrant, Abdominal pain, suprapubic, Aches and pains, diffuse, Acidosis, metabolic, Acidosis, respiratory, Acute scrotum, Adnexal mass, Adrenal masses, Adynamic ileus, Alkalosis, metabolic, Alkalosis, respiratory, Alveolar consolidation, Amnesia, Anal incontinence, Anaphylaxis, Anemia, drug-induced, Anemia, low reticulocyte count, Anemia, megaloblastic, Aneurysms, thoracic aorta, Arterial occlusion, Arthritis, monoarticular and oligoarticular, Arthritis, polyarticular, Ascites, Ataxia, Back pain, Bleeding, lower GI, Bleeding, upper GI, Blindness, geriatric age, Bone lesions, preferential site of origin, Brachycardia, sinus, Breast mass, Breath odor, Bullous diseases, Calcification on chest x-ray, Cardiac arrest, nontraumatic, Cardiac enlargement, Cardiac murmurs, Cavitary lesion on chest x-ray, Cerebrovascular disease, ischemic, Chest pain (nonpleuritic), Chest pain (pleuritic), Cholestasis, Clubbing, Constipation, Cough, Cyanosis, Delirium, Diplopia, binocular, Dyspareunia, Dysphagia, Dyspnea, Dysuria, Edema, generalized, Edema, leg, unilateral, Edema of lower extremities, Epilepsy, Epistaxis, Erectile dysfunction, organic, Eye pain, Facial pain, Facial paralysis, Failure to thrive, Fatigue, Fatty liver, Flatulence and bloating, Gait abnormality, Goiter, Gynecomastia, Halitosis, Headache, Hearing loss, acute, Heartburn and indigestion, Heel pain, plantar, Hematuria, Hemiparesis/hemiplegia, Hemoptysis, Hiccups, Hoarseness, Hypercalcemia, Hyperhidrosis, Hyperkalemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypocapnia, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia, Hypotension, postural, Impotence, Insomnia, Intestinal pseudoobstruction, Ischemic colitis, nonocclusive, Joint pain, anterior hip, medial thigh, knee, Joint pain, hip, lateral thigh, Joint pain, posterior hips, thigh, buttocks, Joint swelling, Knee pain, Leg cramps, nocturnal, Leg pain with exercise, Leg ulcers, Lymphadenopathy, Mediastinal masses or widening on chest x-ray, Mesenteric ischemia, nonocclusive, Metastatic neoplasms, Mononeuropathy, Muscle weakness, Muscle weakness, lower motor neuron versus upper motor neuron, Myocardial ischemia, Nausea and vomitit, Neck mass, Neck pain, Neurogenic bladder, Neurologic deficit, focal, Neurologic deficit, multifocal, Neuropathies, painful, Nystagmus, Ophthalmoplegia, Palpitations, Pancytopenia, Paraneoplastic syndromes, endocrine, Paraneoplastic syndromes, nonendocrine, Paresthesias, Pelvic mass, Pericardial effusion, Pleural effusions, Polyneuropathy, Polyneuropathy, drug-induced, Polyneuropathy, symmetric, Polyuria, Portal hypertension, Postmenopausal bleeding, Pruritus, Pulmonary lesions, Pulmonary nodule, solitary, Purpura, QT interval prolongation, Rectal Pain, Red eye,Renal failure, intrinsic or parenchymal causes, Renal failure, postrenal causes, Renal failure, prerenal causes, Respiratory failure, hypoventilatory, Scrotal pain, Scrotal swelling, Seizure, Sexually transmitted diseases, anorectal region, Shoulder pain, Shoulder pain by location, Small bowel obstruction, Splenomegaly, Steatohepatitis, Stroke, Tardive dyskinesia, Taste and smell loss, Tendinopathy, Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytosis, Tremor, Urinary retention, acute, Urine, red, Uropathy, obstructive, Vertigo, Vision loss, acute, painful, Vision loss, acute, painless, Vision loss, chronic, progressive, Vision loss, monocular, transient, Volume depletion, Volume excess, Vomiting, Vulvar lesions, Weight gain, Weight loss, Wheezing, Xerostomia, SECTION III CLINICAL ALGORITHMS Abuse, geriatric, Acidosis, metabolic, Alcoholism, Alkalosis, metabolic, Anemia, Anemia, macrocytic, Anemia, icrocytic, Anemia, with reticulocytosis, Anorexia, Arthralgia limited to one or few joints, Ascites, Asthma, home management, Back pain, Bleeding, gastrointestinal, Bradycardia, Breast, radiologic evaluation, Breast, routine screen or palpable mass evaluation, Cardiomegaly on chest x-ray, Cerebral ischemia, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Constipation, Cough, Cyanosis, Delirium, geriatric patient, Dementia, Depression, Diarrhea, acute, Diarrhea, chronic, Dyspepsia, Dysphagia, Dyspnea, acute, Dyspnea, chronic, Edema, generalized, Edema, regional, Fatigue, Fecal Incontinence, Fever of undetermined origin, Fracture, bone, Goiter evaluation and management, Gout, Gynecomastia, Hearing loss, Heartburn, Hematuria, asymptomatic, Herpes zoster/postherpetic neuralgia, Hepatitis, viral, Hepatomegaly, Hypercalcemia, Hyperkalemia, diagnostic approach, Hyperkalemia, evaluation and treatment, Hypernatremia, Hypertension, secondary causes, Hyperthyroidism, Hypocalcemia, Hypogonadism, Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Hypophosphatemia, Hypotension, Hypothyroidism, Jaundice and hepatobiliary disease, Joint effusion, Joint swelling, Leg ulcer, Liver function test elevations, Lymphadenopathy, axillary, Lymphadenopathy, cervical, Lymphadenopathy, generalized, Malabsorption, suspected, Multiple myeloma, Murmur, diastolic, Murmur, systolic, Muscle cramps and aches, Muscle weakness, Myelodysplastic syndromes, Myocardial ischemia, suspected, Nephrolithiasis, Neutropenia, Nutritional Support, Pain control, Pancreatic mass, Parkinson's disease, Pelvic mass, Peripheral neuropathy, Pleural space fluid, Preoperative evalution, patient with coronary heart disease, Prostatic hyperplasia benign, Prostate cancer, Proteinuria, Pruritus, generalized, Pulmonary embolism, Pumonary nodule, Red eye, acute, Renal failure, acute, Renal mass, Respiratory distress, Rhinorrhea, Sexual dysfunction, Sjorgren's syndrome, Sleep disorders, Splenomegaly, Spondylosis, cervical, Stroke, Syncope, Tachycardia, narrow complex, Tachycardia, wide complex, Testicular mass, Thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytosis, Thyroid nodule, Thyroid testing, Transient ischemic attacks, Unconscious patient, Ureteral calculi, Urinary tract infection, Urinary tract obstruction, Urticaria, Vaginal prolapse, Vertigo, Vulvar cancer, Weight gain, Weight loss, involuntary, SECTION IV LABORATORY TESTS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS Acetylcholine receptor (AchR) antibody, Acid-base reference values, Acid phosphatase (serum), Alanine minotransferase (ALT, SGPT), Albumin (serum), Aldolase (serum),Aldosterone, Alkaline phosphatase (serum), Ammonia (serum), Amylase (serum), Anion gap, Anticardiolipin antibody (ACA), Anti-DNA, Antimitochondrial antibody, Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), Antinuclear antibody (ANA), Antistreptolysin O tier (Streptozyme, ASLO titer), Arterial blood gases, Arthrocentesis fluid, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST, SGOT), B-type natriuretic peptide, Bilirubin, direct (conjugated bilirubin), Bilirubin, indirect (unconjugated bilirubin), ilirubin, total, Bleeding time (modified Ivy method), Calcium (serum), Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Carotene (serum), Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), Ceruloplasmin (serum), Cholesterol, total, Circulating anticoagulant (lupus anticoagulant), Clostridium difficile toxin assay (stool), Coagulation factors, Complement, Complete blood count (CBC), Coombs, direct, Coombs, indirect, Copper (serum) Cortisol, plasma, C-peptide, C-reactive protein ,C-reactive protein, high sensitivity ,Creatine kinase (CK, CPK) , Creatine kinase isoenzymes, Creatinine (serum) ,Creatinine clearance, Cryoglobulins (serum), D-Dimer, d-Xylose absorption, d-Xylose absorption test, Endomysial antibodies, Epstein-Barr virus serology, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Erythropoietin (EP), Estradiol (serum), Estrogen, Ethanol (blood), Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA complex, anti-RNP antibody, anti-Sm, Anti-Smith), Fecal fat, quantitative (72-hr collection), Ferritin (serum), ?-1 Fetoprotein, Folate (folic acid), Free thyroxine index, Glucose, fasting, Glucose, postprandial, Glucose tolerance test, ?-Glutamyl transferase (GGT), Glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin (HbA1c), Ham test (acid serum test), Haptoglobin (serum), Heliocobacter pylori (serology, stool antigen), Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, Hemoglobin electrophoresis, Hepatitis A antibody, Hepatitis A viral infection, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B viral infection, Hepatitis C viral infection, High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, Immunoglobulins, International normalized ratio (INR), Iron-binding capacity, total (TIBC), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes, Legionella titer, Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase, Lipase, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Lyme disease antibody titer, Magnesium (serum), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), 5'-Nucleotidase, Osmolality (serum), Paracentesis fluid, Partial thromboplastin time (PTT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), PH, blood, Phosphate (serum), Platelet count, Potassium (serum), Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Protein (serum), Protein electrophoresis (serum), Prothrombin time (PT), Protoporphyrin (free erythrocyte), Red blood cell (RBC) count, Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), Red blood cell morphology, Reticulocyte count, Rheumatoid factor, Smooth muscle antibody, Sodium (serum), Synovial fluid analysis, T3 (triiodothyronine), T3 resin uptake (T3 RU), T4, Serum T4, and free (free thyroxine), T4, free (free thyroxine), Testosterone (total testosterone), Thoracentesis fluid, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Thyroxine, Transferrin, Triglycerides, Troponins, serum, Tuberculin test (PPD), markers, Urea nitrogen, blood (BUN), Uric acid (serum), Urinalysis, Urine 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (urine 5-HIAA), Urine vanillymandelic acid (VMA), VDRL, Vitamin B12 SECTION V. CLINICAL PREVENTIVE SERVICES Part A The Periodic Health Examination, Table 5-1 Ages 65 and older Part B Immunizations and Chemoprophylaxis, Immunizations for adults (Table 5-2A Recommended adult immunization schedule-United States, Table 5-2B Recommended adult immunization schedule for adults with medical conditions-United States, Table 5-3 Immunizing agents and immunization schedules for health-care workers, Table 5-4 Recommendations for persons with medical conditions requiring special vaccination considerations), Administration of vaccines and immune globulins (Table 5-5A Guidelines for spacing live and inactivated antigens, Table 5-5B Guidelines for administering antibody- containing products and vaccines, Table 5-6 Suggested intervals between administration of antibody-containing products for different indications and measles-containing vaccine and varicella vaccine, Table 5-7 Guide to contraindications and precautions to commonly used vaccines, Table 5-8 Vaccinations for international travel, Table 5-9 Recommended doses of currently licensed hepatitis B vaccines), Endocarditis prophylaxis (Box 5-1 Cardiac conditions associated with endocarditis, Box 5-2 Dental procedures and endocarditis prophylaxis, Box 5-3 Other procedures and endocarditis prophylaxis, Table 5-10 Prophylactic regimens for dental, oral, respiratory tract, or esophageal procedures, Table 5-11 Prophylactic regimens or genitourinary/gastrointestinal (excluding esophageal) procedures, Table 5-12 Recommended daily dosage of influenza antiviral medications for treatment and prophylaxis Postexposure prophylaxis to hepatitis B and HIV, Table 5-13 Recommended postexposure prophylaxis for exposure to hepatitis B virus, Table 5-14 Recommended HIV postexposure prophylaxis for percutaneous injuries, Table 5-15 Recommended HIV postexposure prophylaxis for mucous membrane exposures and nonintact skin exposures, Box 5-4 Situations for which expert consultation for HIV postexposure prophylaxis is advised, Box 5-5 Occupational exposure management resources, Box 5-6 Management of occupational blood exposures, Box 5-7 Basic and expanded HIV postexposure prophylaxis regimens) Part C Discontinuation considerations (Table 5-16 Discontinuation considerations in preventive health screening) Appendix 1. SYSTEMS OF GERIATRIC CARE Appendix 2: TOOLS OF GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT