Abbreviations

AAA

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

ABC

Airway, breathing, circulation

ABG

Arterial blood gas

ABPA

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

ABPM

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

ACE

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme

ACh

Acetylcholine

AChR

Acetylcholine receptor

ACR

Albumin: creatinine ratio

ACS

Acute coronary syndrome

ACTH

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

ADLs

Activities of daily living

ADPKD

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

ADRT

Advanced decisions to refuse treatment

AF

Atrial fibrillation

AFB

Acid‐fast bacillus

AFP

Alpha‐fetoprotein

AICD

Automated implantable cardiac defibrillator

AIDP

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

AIH

Autoimmune hepatitis

A(I)NOCA

Angina (ischaemia) non‐obstructive coronary artery

AKI

Acute kidney injury

ALP

Alkaline phosphatase

AMD

Age‐related macular degeneration

ANA

Anti‐nuclear antibody

APS

Anti‐phospholipid syndrome

AR

Aortic regurgitation

ARB

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

ARNI

Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor

ARVD

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia

AS

Aortic stenosis

5‐ASA

5‐Aminosalicylic acid

ASD

Atrial septal defect

ASOT

Anti‐streptolysin O titre

ATP

Anti‐tachycardia pacing

AV

Arteriovenous

AVN

Atrioventricular node

AVR

Aortic valve replacement

AVSD

Atrioventricular septal defect

AXR

Abdominal X‐ray

BAV

Balloon aortic valvuloplasty

BFT

Bone function test

BIPAP

Bi‐level positive airway pressure

BiV

Biventricular

BM

Boehringer Mannheim (glucose)

BMI

Body mass index

BNF

British National Formulary

BNP

Brain natriuretic peptide

BP

Blood pressure

BPA

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty

BPPV

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

BSO

Bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy

BT shunt

Blalock–Taussig shunt

CA

Carcinoma

CABG

Coronary artery bypass graft

CAD

Coronary artery disease

CAP

Community‐acquired pneumonia

CAPD

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

CCB

Calcium channel blocker

CCF

Congestive cardiac failure

CCP

Cyclic citrullinated peptide

CF

Cystic fibrosis

CFA

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis

CFTR

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

CGM

Continuous glucose monitor

CGRP

Calcitonin gene‐related peptide

CIDP

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

CK

Creatine kinase

CKD

Chronic kidney disease

CLD

Chronic liver disease

CMD

Coronary microcirculatory dysfunction

CML

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

CMR

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance

CMV

Cytomegalovirus

CNS

Central nervous system

CoA

Coarctation of aorta

COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COMT

Catechol‐o‐methyl transferase

CPET

Cardiopulmonary exercise test

CRP

C‐reactive protein

CRT

Cardiac resynchronization therapy

CRT‐D

Cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator

CSF

Cerebrospinal fluid

CT

Computed tomography

CTCA

CT coronary angiography

CTEPH

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

CTPA

CT pulmonary angiography

CV

Cardiovascular

CVA

Cerebrovascular accident

CVID

Common variable immunodeficiency

CVS

Cardiovascular system

CXR

Chest X‐ray (radiograph)

DBD

Donation after brain death

DBP

Diastolic blood pressure

DCD

Donation after cardiac death

DIOS

Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome

DIPJ

Distal interphalangeal joint

DKA

Diabetic ketoacidosis

DM

Diabetes mellitus

DM1

Dystrophia myotonica type 1

DM2

Dystrophia myotonica type 2

DMARD

Disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drug

DNA‐CPR

Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation

DNAR

Do not attempt resuscitation

DNase

Deoxyribonucleic acid hydrolytic enzyme

DOAC

Direct oral anticoagulant

D&V

Diarrhoea and vomiting

DVLA

Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency

DVT

Deep vein thrombosis

eGFR

Estimated glomerular filtration rate

EBUS

Endobronchial ultrasound

EBV

Epstein–Barr virus

EC

Ejection click

ECG

Electrocardiogram

ECHO

Echocardiogram

EEG

Electroencephalogram

EF

Ejection fraction

EMG

Electromyogram

EP

Electrophysiology

ERA

Endothelin receptor antagonist

ERCP

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

ESM

Ejection systolic murmur

ESR

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

EtOH

Ethanol

ETT

Exercise treadmill test

EVAR

Endovascular aortic repair

FBC

Full blood count

FEV1

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second

FFP

Fresh frozen plasma

FH

Family history

FSGS

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

FSH

Follicle‐stimulating hormone

FSHD

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

FTA

Fluorescent treponema antibodies

FVC

Forced vital capacity

GA

General anaesthetic

GBS

Guillain–Barré syndrome

GCS

Glasgow Coma Scale

GEP

Gastro‐entero‐pancreatic

GGT

Gamma‐glutamyl transferase

GH

Growth hormone

GI

Gastrointestinal

GLP‐1

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1

GMP

Good medical practice

GnRH

Gonadotropin‐releasing hormone

GORD

Gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease

Gp

Glycoprotein

GRACE

Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events

GTN

Glyceryl trinitrate

Hb

Haemoglobin

HBPM

Home blood pressure monitoring

HBV

Hepatitis B virus

HCC

Hepatocellular carcinoma

HCG

Human chorionic gonadotrophin

HCM

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

HCV

Hepatitis C virus

HDU

High‐dependency unit

HF

Heart failure

HGV

Heavy goods vehicle

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus

HLA

Human lymphocyte antigen

HOCM

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

HR

Heart rate

HRT

Hormone replacement therapy

HSMN

Hereditary sensory motor neuropathy

HSV

Herpes simplex virus

5‐HT

5‐hydroxytryptamine

IABP

Intra‐aortic balloon pump

IBD

Inflammatory bowel disease

ICD

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

IDDM

Insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus

IGF

Insulin‐like growth factor

IHD

Ischaemic heart disease

ILD

Interstitial lung disease

INR

International normalized ratio

IPF

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

IRMA

Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities

ITP

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

ITU

Intensive therapy unit

IV

Intravenous

IVC

Inferior vena cava

IVDA

Intravenous drug abuse

JVP

Jugular venous pressure

KCO

Transfer coefficient

LA

Left atrial

LAA

Left atrial appendage

LAAO

Left atrial appendage occlusion

LACS

Lacunar anterior circulation stroke

LAD

Left axis deviation

LDH

Lactate dehydrogenase

LEMS

Lambert–Eaton myasthenic...