Crisis, Trauma, and Disaster

Linda Lutisha Black Ed. D. is a professor of counselor education at the University of Northern Colorado. In her 19 years at UNC, Linda has served as Associate Provost & Graduate Dean and AVP for Research and Sponsored Programs. As a licensed professional counselor, she has 28 years of clinical mental health experience and is a member of the Colorado Crisis Education and Response Network. Linda and Kay live on the high plains of Colorado with Harper and Olive and a host of great friends. Stephen V. Flynn, Ph.D., LPC, LMFT-S, NCC, ACS, is an associate professor of counselor education and is a research fellow in the Center of Research and Innovation at Plymouth State University, Plymouth, NH.  He teaches clinical, research, and writing courses for the Counselor Education, Marriage and Family Therapy, and Educational Leadership graduate programs at Plymouth State University. He is a licensed professional counselor (CO, SD), licensed marriage and family therapist (CO, NH), national certified counselor, approved clinical supervisor, American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Clinical Fellow, and an AAMFT Approved supervisor. He has taught graduate crisis counseling courses and he has provided crisis intervention training to diverse groups such as school personnel. He has conducted crisis, trauma, disaster-based counseling with survivors and families recovering from numerous clinical issues. Stephen enjoys spending time with his family and is an outdoor enthusiast.

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
1. The Context of Caring
Organization of the Text
Many Kinds of Helpers
Educating Clinicians
The Counselor’s Toolkit
Spectrum of Crisis, Trauma, and Disaster
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
2. History and Theoretical Foundations of Crisis and Crisis Counseling
Crisis Counseling Within a Mental Health Context
The History and Theories of Crisis Counseling
Classifying Crisis and Crisis Events
Models of Crisis Counseling
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
3. Caring for Those Affected by Crisis
Knowledge, Skill(s), Awareness, Techniques, and Resources
Skills
Assessment and Case Conceptualization
Holistic Conceptualization of Client Concerns
Evaluation of Vulnerabilities
Evaluation of Resiliencies
Evaluation of Protective Factors
Acute and Short-Term Treatment Planning
Client Directed Empowerment and Holistic Healing
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
4. History and Theoretical Foundations of Trauma
Lions and Tigers and Bears, Oh My! Differentiating Trauma From Crisis and Disaster
Defining Trauma
A Brief History of Trauma and Trauma-Informed Counseling
Models of Trauma Treatment
Children
Adolescents
Adults
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
5. Caring for Those Affected by Trauma
The Counselor’s Toolkit
Knowledge
Skills and Techniques
Adult Trauma
Adjuncts to Treatment
General and Advanced Skills and Awareness
Treating Trauma via Group Process
Community Culture
Assessment and Case Conceptualization
History of Multiple Traumas
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
6. Disasters
Defining Disaster
History and Emerging Theories of Disaster Mental Health and Disaster Responding
The Development of DMH Theories and Models
Disaster in Context
Individual and Community Responses
Ecological, Systemic, and Contextual Model of Individual In- and With-Community Response
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
7. Caring for Those Affected by Disaster
The Counselor’s Toolkit
Knowledge
Early and Mid-Stage Disaster Mental Health Interventions
In-Depth Disaster Mental Health Interventions
Treatment Considerations for Children and Adolescents
Assessments in Disaster Mental Health
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
8. Caring for Those Who Care
The Counselor’s Toolkit
Finding Balance
Burnout, Impairment, Compassion Fatigue, Secondary and Vicarious Trauma
Vulnerabilities to Secondary Traumatic Stress and Vicarious Trauma
Clinician’s Orientation to Helping
Responding to Crisis, Trauma, and Disaster
The Role of Personal and Professional Boundaries
Summary
Extended Learning Exercises
Additional Resources
9. Emerging Trends
Trends in Clinical Training
Summary
References
Index