Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease

Dean B. Andropoulos, MD, MHCM, Anesthesiologist-in-Chief Texas Children's Hospital; Professor, Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Vice Chair for Clinical Affairs Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Stephen Stayer, MD, Professor of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Associate Chief of Anesthesiology, Medical Directory of Perioperative Services, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Emad B. Mossad, MD, Director, Arthur S. Keats Division of Pediatric Cardiovascular Anesthesiology, Texas Children’s Hospital; Professor, Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Contributor List, vii

Preface, xi

List of Abbreviations, xiii

About the Companion Website, xix

Part I History, Education, Outcomes, and Science

1 History of Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease, 1
Viviane G. Nasr, Paul A. Hickey and Dolly D. Hansen

2 Education for Anesthesia in Patients with Congenital Cardiac Disease, 16
Sugantha Sundar, Lori Newman and James A. DiNardo

3 Quality, Outcomes, and Databases in Congenital Cardiac Anesthesia, 30
Lisa Caplan, Ehrenfried Schindler and David F. Vener

4 Development of the Cardiovascular System and Nomenclature for Congenital Heart Disease, 43
Barry D. Kussman and Wanda C. Miller-Hance

5 Physiology and Cellular Biology of the Developing Circulation, 85
Dean B. Andropoulos

6 Anesthetic Agents and Their Cardiovascular Effects, 107
Dean B. Andropoulos and Emad B. Mossad

7 Cardiopulmonary Bypass, 127
Ralph Gertler and Dean B. Andropoulos

8 Multiorgan Effects of Congenital Cardiac Surgery, 157
Gina Whitney, Suanne Daves and Brian Donahue

9 Anesthetic and Sedative Neurotoxicity in the Patient with Congenital Heart Disease, 185
Richard J. Levy, Lisa Wise-Faberowski and Dean B. Andropoulos

Part II Monitoring

10 Vascular access and monitoring, 200
Keiji Kayashima, Shoichi Uezono and Dean B. Andropoulos

11 Neurological Monitoring and Outcome, 231
Ken Brady, Chandra Ramamoorthy, R. Blaine Easley and Dean B. Andropoulos

12 Transesophageal Echocardiography in Congenital Heart Disease, 251
Annette Vegas and Wanda C. Miller-Hance

13 Coagulation, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, and Bleeding, 295
Bruce E. Miller, Nina A. Guzzetta and Glyn D. Williams

Part III Preoperative Considerations

14 Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation, 315
Emad B. Mossad, Rahul Baijal and Raj Krishnamurthy

15 Approach to the Fetus, Premature, and Full-Term Neonate, 337
Annette Y. Schure, Peter C. Laussen and Kirsten C. Odegard

16 Approach to the Adult Patient, 355
Jane Heggie and Catherine Ashes

Part IV Management

17 Hemodynamic management, 376
Mirela Bojan and Philippe Pouard

18 Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Management, 405
Santiago O. Valdes, Jeffrey J. Kim and Wanda C. Miller-Hance

19 Airway and Respiratory Management, 437
Stephen A. Stayer and Gregory B. Hammer

20 Early Tracheal Extubation and Postoperative Pain Management, 452
Alexander Mittnacht

Part V Anesthesia for Specific Lesions

21 Anesthesia for Left-to-Right Shunt Lesions, 469
Scott G. Walker

22 Anesthesia for Left–sided Obstructive Lesions, 498
James P. Spaeth and Andreas W. Loepke

23 Anesthesia for Right-sided Obstructive Lesions, 517
Michael L. Schmitz, Sana Ullah, Rahul Dasgupta and Lorraine L. Thompson

24 Anesthesia for Transposition of the Great Arteries, 543
Angus McEwan and Mariepi Manolis

25 Anesthesia for the Patient with a Single Ventricle, 568
Susan C. Nicolson, James M. Steven, Laura K. Diaz and Dean B. Andropoulos

26 Anesthesia for Miscellaneous Cardiac Lesions, 599
Ian McKenzie, Maria Markakis Zestos, Stephen A. Stayer and Dean B. Andropoulos

27 Anesthesia for Cardiac and Pulmonary Transplantation, 637
Glynn D. Williams, Chandra Ramamoorthy and Anshuman Sharma

28 Anesthesia for Pulmonary Hypertension, 662
Mark D. Twite and Robert H. Friesen

Part VI Anesthesia Outside the Cardiac Operating Room

29 Anesthesia for the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, 678
Philip Arnold and Aarti Shah

30 Anesthesia for Non-cardiac Surgery and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 706
Erin A. Gottlieb and Stephen A. Stayer

31 Cardiac Intensive Care, 721
V. Ben Sivarajan, Justin C. Yeh, Peter C. Laussen and Peter C. Laussen

32 Mechanical Support of the Circulation, 752
Adam Skinner, Stephen B. Horton, Pablo Motta and Stephen Stayer

Appendix: Texas Children’s Hospital Pediatric Cardiovascular Anesthesia Drug Sheet (April 2014), 778
Lisa A. Caplan and Erin A. Gottlieb

Index, 783