Dynamic Surface Tensiometry in Medicine (eBook)
388 Seiten
Elsevier Science (Verlag)
978-0-08-053059-8 (ISBN)
Pulmonary medicine, especially neonatology, has systematically used interfacial tensiometry for studying pulmonary surfactant. In this particular area, significant progress was achieved in the treatment of diseases related to alterations of the lung surfactant system. We believe that, similar to the progress in pulmonary medicine attributed to surface chemical studies of lung surfactant, progress in other medical branches could be expected through studies of interfacial characteristics of other human biological liquids.
For several years the authors of this book have been engaged in studies aimed at the improvement of the maximum bubble pressure method, resulting in the development of computer controlled tensiometers which are capable of measuring dynamic surface tensions within a wide range of surface lifetime. In addition to the measurement techniques, a correct interpretation and analysis of the tensiometric data obtained is extremely important. The kinetic theory of adsorption from solutions, and the theory of equilibrium adsorption layers of surfactant/protein mixtures provide the basis for both the choice of the most characteristic parameters of tensiograms and the analysis of the results. Some theoretical models describing the adsorption of proteins are presented in Chapter 1. The main theoretical and experimental issues related to the maximum bubble pressure technique as applied to biological liquids are presented in Chapter 2. A more detailed discussion of the differences of the various methods in use for measuring dynamic surface tension of biological fluids is provided in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 gives data from patients with kidney disease, Chapter 5 from patients with rheumatic diseases, Chapter 6 with pulmonary diseases, Chapter 7 with diseases of the central nervous system, and Chapter 8 with neoplasms.
Dynamic interface tensiometry of human biological liquids is a fascinating new method which deserves a broad use for prospective studies of various diseases.
Human biological liquids contain numerous low- and high-molecular weight surfactants. The human organism contains interfaces with enormous surfaces. The physicochemical and biochemical processes taking place at these interfaces are extremely important for the vital functions of the organism as a whole, and the interfacial properties may reflect peculiarities of age and sex, health and disease. The present book is the first attempt to systematically present the results of dynamic and equilibrium surface tensions measurements of serum and urine samples that were obtained from healthy humans of various sex and age, and to compare these results with measurements of biological liquids obtained from patients suffering from various diseases or with measurements of amniotic fluid obtained from women at various stages of pregnancy.Pulmonary medicine, especially neonatology, has systematically used interfacial tensiometry for studying pulmonary surfactant. In this particular area, significant progress was achieved in the treatment of diseases related to alterations of the lung surfactant system. We believe that, similar to the progress in pulmonary medicine attributed to surface chemical studies of lung surfactant, progress in other medical branches could be expected through studies of interfacial characteristics of other human biological liquids.For several years the authors of this book have been engaged in studies aimed at the improvement of the maximum bubble pressure method, resulting in the development of computer controlled tensiometers which are capable of measuring dynamic surface tensions within a wide range of surface lifetime. In addition to the measurement techniques, a correct interpretation and analysis of the tensiometric data obtained is extremely important. The kinetic theory of adsorption from solutions, and the theory of equilibrium adsorption layers of surfactant/protein mixtures provide the basis for both the choice of the most characteristic parameters of tensiograms and the analysis of the results. Some theoretical models describing the adsorption of proteins are presented in Chapter 1. The main theoretical and experimental issues related to the maximum bubble pressure technique as applied to biological liquids are presented in Chapter 2. A more detailed discussion of the differences of the various methods in use for measuring dynamic surface tension of biological fluids is provided in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 gives data from patients with kidney disease, Chapter 5 from patients with rheumatic diseases, Chapter 6 with pulmonary diseases, Chapter 7 with diseases of the central nervous system, and Chapter 8 with neoplasms.Dynamic interface tensiometry of human biological liquids is a fascinating new method which deserves a broad use for prospective studies of various diseases.
Cover 1
Contents 12
Preface 6
Chapter 1. Theory of protein adsorption and model experiments 16
1.1. Thermodynamics of protein adsorption at the liquid/fluid interfaces 16
1.2. Adsorption kinetics 31
1.3. Experimental studies of model biological liquids 35
1.4. Influence of additives 41
1.5. Summary 51
1.6. References 52
Chapter 2. Experimental technique and analysis of tensiograms 56
2.1. Experimental methods 56
2.2. The design of maximum bubble pressure tensiometer 58
2.3. Theory of the maximum bubble pressure method 60
2.4. Experimental technique 70
2.5. Analysis of tensiograms 74
2.6. Summary 78
2.7. References 79
Chapter 3. Dynamic interfacial tensiometry of biological liquids for healthy persons 83
3.1. Dependence of dynamic surface tension on sex and age of patients 83
3.2. Dynamic surface tension of serum and amniotic liquid for pregnant women 96
3.3. Summary 111
3.4. References 111
Chapter 4. Application of Surface Tensiometry in Nephrology 114
4.1. Glomerulonephrites 115
4.2. Primary pyelonephritis and urolithiasis 167
4.3. Diabetic nephropathy 178
4.4. Other renal diseases 190
4.5. Summary 198
4.6. References 198
Chapter 5. Surface tensiometry in rheumatology 206
5.1. Pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases 206
5.2. Systemic lupus erythematosus 210
5.3. Rheumatism 222
5.4. Sclerodermia systematica 230
5.5. Rheumatoid arthritis 231
5.6. Reiter's disease 243
5.7. Psoriasis 244
5.8. Gout 246
5.9. Osteoarthrosis 251
5.10. Effect of glucocorticoid therapy and plasmapheresis 252
5.11. Summary 256
5.12. References 256
Chapter 6. Surface tensiometry in pulmonology 260
6.1. Pathogenesis of respiratory diseases 260
6.2. Bronchitis 273
6.3. Bronchial asthma and other pulmonary diseases 279
6.4. Dust pathology of respiratory organs 284
6.5. Summary 296
6.6. References 297
Chapter 7. Surface tensiometry in neurology 301
7.1. Tensiogram parameters for diseases of the nervous system 301
7.2. Influence of the nosological form of an infection disease 312
7.3. Role of patients age and duration of a disease 313
7.4. Correlation between surface tension parameters and amount of proteins and other components 318
7.5. Role of tensiometry in therapy, diagnosis and prognosis 328
7.6. Summary 336
7.7. References 336
Chapter 8. Interfacial tensiometry in oncology 339
8.1. Pathogenesis of oncological disease 339
8.2. Serum tensiograms for different tumour localisations 343
8.3. Correlation between surface tensions and biological liquid's composition 350
8.4. Influence of radiation therapy on dynamic surface tensions 362
8.5. Effects of operative treatments 368
8.6. Summary 370
8.7. References 371
9. List of symbols 374
10. Subject Index 380
Erscheint lt. Verlag | 28.1.2000 |
---|---|
Sprache | englisch |
Themenwelt | Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie |
Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Histologie / Embryologie | |
Studium ► 1. Studienabschnitt (Vorklinik) ► Physiologie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Humanbiologie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Zoologie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Physikalische Chemie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Technische Chemie | |
Naturwissenschaften ► Physik / Astronomie ► Angewandte Physik | |
Technik ► Bauwesen | |
Technik ► Maschinenbau | |
Technik ► Umwelttechnik / Biotechnologie | |
ISBN-10 | 0-08-053059-1 / 0080530591 |
ISBN-13 | 978-0-08-053059-8 / 9780080530598 |
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