Violence in Mental Health Settings (eBook)

Richard Whittington, PhD, is a senior lecturer in the School of Health Sciences, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom. He is a psychologist and researcher with a background as a mental health nurse in intensive care and general acute psychiatric settings. He has published widely on the psychological and social causes and effects of aggression in mental health care. Current projects include systematic reviews of risk assessment and interventions in forensic mental health funded by the UK NHS R&D programme. Dirk Richter, PhD, nurse (with working experience in mental health) and sociologist, currently researcher and quality manager at Westphalian Hospital in Muenster, Germany, and associate professor ('Privatdozent') at the Institute of Sociology, University of Muenster. In German, Dirk Richter has authored and edited three books on violence in health care. He has co-authored a widely spread booklet on conflict management in psychiatric settings and has written several research papers and book chapters on the topic. Dirk Richter has also published in fields such as social psychiatry, evaluation and quality management, medical philosophy, nursing science, social theory and nationalism research. His last book on the sociology of mental disorders in the era of life sciences has been published in 2003(in German).

About the Editors 5
Contributors 7
Contents 11
Introduction 17
I MEASUREMENT AND EPIDEMIOLOGY 25
1 Assessing Aggression of Psychiatric Patients: Methods of Measurement and Its Prevalence 27
II THE PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIOLOGY OF THE VIOLENT INCIDENT 41
2 Psychological Theories of Aggression: Principles and Application to Practice 43
3 From the Individual to the Interpersonal: Environment and Interaction in the Escalation of Violence in Mental Health Settings 63
4 Users’ Perceptions and Views on Violence and Coercion in Mental Health 85
III PREDICTION AND MANAGEMENT 110
5 Diversity and Consistency in the Legal Management of Involuntary Admission and Treatment Across Europe 111
6 Prediction of Violence in Inpatient Settings 127
7 Nonphysical Conflict Management and Deescalation 141
8 Coercive Measures in the Management of Imminent Violence: Restraint, Seclusion and Enhanced Observation 161
9 The Pharmacological Management of Aggression 189
IV IMPROVING STAFF SKILLS IN HANDLING MANAGEMENT 208
10 Aggression Management Training Programs: Contents, Implementation, and Organization 209
11 The Effects of Aggression Management Training for Mental Health Care and Disability Care Staff: A Systematic Review 227
V THE ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT 245
12 Locating Training Within a Strategic Organizational Response to Aggression and Violence 247
13 Safety and Security in Psychiatric Clinical Environments 269
14 Ward Culture and Atmosphere 289
VI CONSEQUENCES: HANDLING THE AFTERMATH 309
15 Psychological Responses Following Exposure to Violence 311
VII CONCLUSIONS 336
Toward an Evidence-Based Approach in the Management of Violence in Mental Health Settings 337
Index 347

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