Faust's Anesthesiology Review

I. Operating Room

1

Medical Gas Supply



2

Electrical Supply



3

Microshock Hazards



4

Operating Room Fires



5

Operating Room Management

II. Equipment

6

Vaporizers



7

Flowmeters and the Physics of Gas Flow



8

Carbon-Dioxide Absorption



9

Carbon-Dioxide Retention and Capnography



10

Tracheal Tubes



11

Complications of Tracheal Intubation



12

Disconnect Monitors



13

Closed-Circuit Anesthesia

III. Monitoring

14

Pulse Oximetry



15

Pulmonary Artery Catheters

16

Direct Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring



17

Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitoring



18

Depth of Anesthesia



19

Monitoring Integrity of the Neuromuscular Junction



20

Evoked Potentials

IV. Physiology

21

Oxygen Transport



22

Carbon-Dioxide Transport



23

Interpretation of Arterial Blood Gases



24

Blood Gas Temperature Correction



25

Central Regulation of Ventilation



26

Physiologic Effects of Hypercarbia and Hypocarbia



27

Surfactant and lung mechanics in health and disease



28

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Compliance and Airway Resistance



29

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation and Perfusion



30

Pulmonary Function Test Interpretation



31

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Restrictive Lung Disease



32

Measurement and Implications of the Q ?s/Q ?t



33

Cardiac Cycle: Control and Synchronicity



34

Physiologic Determinants of Cardiac Output



35

Myocardial Oxygen Supply and Demand



36

Tachyarrhythmias



37

Bradyarrhythmias



38

Oculocardiac Reflex



39

The Autonomic Nervous System



40

The Sympathetic Nervous System: Anatomy and Receptor Pharmacology



41

The Parasympathetic Nervous System: Anatomy and Receptor Pharmacology



42

Factors Affecting Cerebral Blood Flow



43

Effects of common anesthetic agents on electroencephalograms



44

Physiology of Neuromuscular Transmission



45

Renal Physiology



46

Renal Function Tests



47

Acid-Base Status



48

Electrolyte Abnormalities: Potassium, Sodium, Calcium and Magnesium



49

Hepatic Physiology and Preoperative Evaluation



50

Mechanisms of Hepatic Drug Metabolism and Excretion

V. Anatomy

51

Anatomy of the Larynx



52

Coronary Circulation and the Myocardial Conduction System



53

Transesophageal Echocardiography: Anatomic Considerations



54

Transesophageal Echocardiography: Intraoperative Uses



55

Anatomy of the Cerebral Circulation



56

Anatomy of the Posterior Fossa



57

Spinal Cord Anatomy and Blood Supply



58

Brachial Plexus Anatomy



59

Central Venous Cannulation

VI. Pharmacology

60

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Anesthesia



61

Factors Affecting Anesthetic Gas Uptake



62

Minimum Alveolar Concentration



63

The Effect of Intracardiac Shunts on Inhalation Induction



64

Inhalation Anesthetic Agents



65

Nitrous Oxide



66

Cardiovascular Effects of the Inhalation Agents







67

Central Nervous System Effects of the Inhalation Agents



68

Renal Effects of the Inhalation Agents



69

Hepatic Effects of the Inhalation Agents



70

Effects of pKa, pH, and Protein Binding



71

Thiopental



72

Propofol



73

Etomidate



74

Ketamine



75

Opioid Pharmacology



75

Opioid Pharmacology



76

Cardiovascular Effects of Opioids



77

Opioid Side Effects: Muscle Rigidity and Biliary Colic



78

Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular-blocking Agents



79

Nonrelaxant Side Effects of Neuromuscular-blocking Agents



80

Succinylcholine Side Effects



81

Prolongation of Succinylcholine Effect



82

Anticholinesterases and the Reversal of Neuromuscular-blocking Agents



83

Anticholinesterase and Anticholinergic Poisoning



84

The Pharmacology of Atropine, Scopolamine, and Glycopyrrolate



85

Benzodiazepines



86

Dexmedetomidine



87

Inotropes



88

Vasopressors



89

Sodium Nitroprusside



90

Nitroglycerin



91

Beta-adrenergic Receptor-blocking Agents



92

Calcium Channel Blockers



93

Angiotensin Receptor-blocking Agents



94

Bronchodilators



95

Sodium Bicarbonate



96

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors



97

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs



98

Antiemetic Agents



99

Diuretics

VII. Colloids and Blood Products

100

Albumin, Hetastarch, and Pentastarch

101

Type, Screen, and Crossmatch of Red Blood Cells

102

Red Blood Cell and Platelet Transfusion

103

Massive Transfusion

104

Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions

105

Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions

VIII. Preoperative and Postoperative Issues

106

Preoperative Evaluation of the Patient with Cardiac Disease for Noncardiac Operations



107

Tobacco Use in Surgical Patients



108

Obstructive Sleep Apnea



109

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting



110

Anesthesia for Drug Abusers



111

Acute and Chronic Alcoholism and Anesthesia



112

Latex Allergy



113

The Evaluation and Management of Prolonged Emergence from Anesthesia



114

Delirium in the Postanesthesia Care Unit

IX. Specialty Anesthesia A. Regional

115

Local Anesthetic Agents: Mechanism of Action



116

Local Anesthetic Agents: Pharmacology



117

Toxicity of Local Anesthetic Agents



118

Preservatives in Local Anesthetic Solutions



119

Cocaine Pharmacology



120

Multimodal Analgesia



121

Needle Blocks of the Eye



122

Spinal Anesthesia



123

Epidural Anesthesia



124

Combined Spinal-Epidural Blockade



125

Neuraxial Anesthesia and Anticoagulation



126

Paravertebral Blocks



127

Upper Extremity Blocks



128

Lower Extremity Blocks: Psoas Compartment



129

Lower Extremity Blocks: Femoral, Sciatic, Popliteal



130

Nerve Block at the Ankle

B. Neuroanesthesia

131

Cerebral Protection



132

Increased Intracranial Pressure



133

Functional Neurosurgery



134

Management of Cerebral Aneurysms



135

Anesthesia for Hypophysectomy



136

Anesthesia for the Sitting Position



137

Physiology and Treatment of Venous Air Embolism



138

Anesthesia for Patients with Epilepsy



139

Anesthesia for Carotid Endarterectomy



140

Management of Acute Spinal Cord Injury

C. Cardiac

141

Detection and Treatment of Perioperative Acute Coronary Syndromes



142

Heart Failure: Classification, Compensation, and Treatment



143

Management of End-stage Cardiomyopathy: Transplant vs. Device



144

Coronary Stents



144

Coronary Stents



145

Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass



146

Cardiopulmonary Bypass



147

Evaluation of the Coagulation System



147

Evaluation of the Coagulation System



148

Anticoagulation and Reversal for Cardiopulmonary Bypass



149

Aortic Stenosis



150

Mitral Regurgitation



151

Pacemakers



152

Automatic Internal Cardiac Defibrilators



153

Intraaortic Balloon Pump

D. Thoracic

154

Intraoperative Wheezing: Etiology and Treatment



155

Anesthesia for Laryngeal Surgery



156

Anesthesia for Bronchoscopy



157

Double-Lumen Tracheal Tubes



158

One-Lung Ventilation and Methods of Improving Oxygenation



159

Bronchopleural Fistula



160

High-Frequency Ventilation: Physics, Physiology, and Clinical Application

E. General/Urologic/ENT

161

Thermoregulation and Perioperative Hypothermia



162

The Anesthesiologist's Role in the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections



163

Anesthesia in the Patient with Extreme Obesity



164

Anesthetic Considerations for Weight-Loss Surgery



165

Anesthesia for Laproscopic Surgery



166

Anesthetic Management of the Patient Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostrate



167

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy

F. Anesthesia for in Unique Situation or for Specific Patient Populations

168

Monitored Anesthesia Care



169

Issues in Ambulatory Anesthesia

170

Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing MRI Studies



171

Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy



172

Anesthesia for Patients with Myasthenia Gravis or Myasthenic Syndrome



173

Anesthesia for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus



174

Anesthetia for Patients with Thyrotoxicosis and Thyroid Storm



175

Anesthesia for Patients with Carcinoid Tumors



175

Anesthesia for Patients with Carcinoid Tumors



176

Anesthesia for the Patient Undergoing Liver Transplantation



177

Anesthesia for Patients with Hepatocellular Disease



178

Autonomic Dysreflexia



179

Providing Anesthesia in Austere Environments

G. Obstetrics

180

Maternal Physiologic Changes in Pregnancy



181

Fetal Monitoring



182

Analgesia for Labor



183

Preterm labor : Tocolytics and Anesthetic management



184

Hypertensive Disorders During Pregnancy and Related Syndromes



185

Anesthesia for the Patient with Preeclampsia



186

Anesthesia for Cesarean Section



187

High Maternal Oxygen Concentration: Effects on the Fetus



188

Maternal Diabetes: Neonatal Effects



189

Peripartum Hemorrhage



190

Anesthesia for Tubal Ligation

H. Pediatrics

191

Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology



192

Differences Between the Infant and Adult Airway



193

Pediatric Breathing Circuits



194

Fluid Management in Infants



195

Neuromuscle-blocking Agents in Infants



196

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Relief in Children



197

Anesthetic Risks Associated with Prematurity

198

Neonatal Resuscitation



199

Meconium Aspiration and Meconium Aspiration Syndrome



200

Congenital Pediatric Airway Problems



201

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia



202

Congenital Heart Disease: Congestive Heart Failure



203

Other Neonatal Emergencies: Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula, Omphalocele



204

Pyloric Stenosis



205

Croup versus Epiglottis



206

Sickle-cell anemia: anesthetic implications



207

Anesthesia for Patients with Trisomy 21



208

Pediatric Neuromuscular Disorders



209

Anesthesia for Patients with Myotonic Dystrophy

X. Pain Medicine

210

Preemptive Analgesia and Postoperative Pain: The Transition from an Acute to a Chronic State



211

Patient-Controlled Analgesia



212

Neuraxial Opioids



213

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome



214

Postoperative Headache



215

Treatment of Cancer-Related Pain







216

Postherpetic Neuralgia



217

Epidural Steroid Injection for Low Back Pain



218

Stellate Ganglion Block



219

Lumbar Sympathetic Blockade



220

Celiac Plexus Block



221

Spinal Cord Stimulation

XI. Critical Care Medicine

222

Advanced Cardiac Life Support



223

Positive Pressure Mechanical Ventilation



224

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy



225

Nutrition Support in the Hospitalized Patient



226

Perioperative Glucose Control



227

Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome



228

Pulmonary Hypertension



229

Management of Stroke



230

Carbon-monoxide Poisoning



231

Acute Renal Failure



232

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis



233

Anesthesia for burn-injured patients



233

Anesthesia for burn-injured patients



234

Perioperative Steroids

XII. Risk Management

235

Medical Ethics



236

Medicolegal Principles: Informed Consent



237

Medicolegal Principles: Medical Negligence



238

The ASA Closed Claims Project



239

The ASA Closed Claims Project



240

Patient Safety and Quality Management



241

Management of the Difficult Airway



242

Perioperative Pulmonary Aspiration



243

Eye and Dental Complications



244

Positioning





Patient Positioning: Common Pitfalls, Neuropathies, and Other Problems



245

Patient Positioning: Common Pitfalls, Neuropathies, and Other Problems



246

Malignant Hyperthermia



247

Anaphylactic and Anaphylactoid Reactions

XIII. Practice Management

248

Licensure, Credentialing, and Privileging



249

Board Certification, Recertification, and Lifelong Learning



249

Board Certification, Recertification, and Lifelong Learning



250

Professional Liability Insurance



251

Medicolegal Principles: Anesthesia Record



252

Anesthesia Information Management Systems



253

Medical Coding and Payment Systems





Medical Coding and Payment Systems



254

Professional Citizenship and Medical Advocacy





Professional Citizenship and Medical Advocacy



255

Pay for Performance and Value-based Purchasing



256

Chemical Dependency in Anesthesia Personnel