Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Blockchain Technology and Digital Twin for Smart Hospitals

Amit Kumar Tyagi, PhD, is an assistant professor at the National Institute of Fashion Technology, New Delhi, India. He obtained his doctorate in 2018. He has published more than 200 papers in refereed international journals, conferences, and books, many of which are with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint. He has filed more than 25 national and international patents in deep learning, the Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems, and computer vision. His current research focuses on next-generation machine-based communications, blockchain technology, smart and secure computing, and privacy.

Preface xix

Part 1: Basic Fundamentals and Principles 1

1 Introduction to Smart Hospital 3
R. Bhuvana, R. J. Hemalatha, S. Baskar and Krishnakumar Kosalaram

2 Wireless Medical Sensor Networks in Smart Hospitals 19
Renugadevi A. S., Jayaprakash M., Kaviya P., Kavin Raj P.N. and Jenish G.S.

3 Introduction of DNA Computing in Cryptography 39
M. Venkata Krishna Reddy, R. Ravinder Reddy, E. Padma Latha, Sirisha Alamanda and P.V.S. Srinivas

Part 2: Methods and Applications 61

4 Enhancing Diabetic Retinopathy and Glaucoma Diagnosis through Efficient Retinal Vessel Segmentation and Disease Classification 63
Asadi Srinivasulu

5 Machine Learning–Enabled Digital Twins for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Purposes 77
Neel Shah, Jayansh Nagar, Kesha Desai, Nirav Bhatt, Nikita Bhatt and Hiren Mewada

6 Blockchain as the Backbone of a Connected Ecosystem of Smart Hospitals 99
C.M. Nalayini, V. Sathya, Shruthi Arunkumar and M. Dinesh Babu

7 Blockchain for Edge Association in Digital Twin Empowered 6G Networks 123
C. Fancy, M. Anand and T. M. Sheeba

8 Blockchain for Security and Privacy in the Smart Healthcare 153
V. Karthikeyan, S. Sridhar Raj, K. Gopalakrishnan, J. Dani Reagan Vivek and Anita Antwiwaa

9 Conceptual and Empirical Evidence for the Implementation of Blockchain Technology as a Solution for Healthcare Service Providers in India 179
B.C.M. Patnaik, Ipseeta Satpathy, Rocky Dwyer, Amit Kumar Tyagi and Anish Patnaik

10 Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Things (IoTs) Platforms for IoT-Based Healthcare and Biomedical Sectors 201
Amit Kumar Tyagi

11 Electronic Health Records in a Blockchain 219
Reshma V. and Rajesh Mamilla

12 A PSO-Based Hybrid Cardiovascular Disease Prediction for Using Artificial Flora Algorithm 231
Ritu Aggarwal, Gulbir Singh and Eshaan Aggarwal

13 AI and Transfer Learning–Based Framework for Efficient Classification and Detection of Lyme Disease 245
Pramit Brata Chanda, Saikat Das, Sharanya Bhattacharya, Souhardya Biswas and Subir Kumar Sarkar

14 Framework for Gender Detection Using Facial Countenances 269
Shyla, Shalu and Mohit Dayal

Part 3: Issues and Challenges 287

15 Unveiling the Challenges and Limitations in COVID-19 Health Data Prediction with Convolutional Neural Networks: A Data Science Research Perspective 289
Asadi Srinivasulu, Piyush Agrawal, Amit Agrawal and Goddindla Sreenivasulu

Part 4: Future Opportunities 309

16 Cloud-Based Digital Twinning for Structural Health Monitoring Using Deep Learning 311
K. Renugadevi, T. Jayasankar and J. ArputhaVijaya Selvi

17 Smartphone-Based Sensors for Biomedical Applications 327
Amit Kumar Tyagi, Richa and Shabnam Kumari

18 Blockchain for Improving Security and Privacy in the Smart Sensor Network 347
Amit Kumar Tyagi and Tanuj Surve

19 Sensors and Digital Twin Application in Healthcare Facilities Management 369
Amit Kumar Tyagi

20 Integration of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) with Blockchain Technology to Improve Security and Privacy 391
Silky Pareyani, Neeta Nathani and Jagdeesh Kumar Ahirwar

21 Advancing Healthcare Diagnostics: Machine Learning–Driven Digital Twins for Precise Brain Tumor and Breast Cancer Assessment 413
J. Olalekan Awujoola, T. Aniemeka Enem, F. N. Ogwueleka, O. Abioye and E. Abidemi Awujoola

22 Digital Twin Applications in Healthcare Facilities Management 435
Kandan M., Naveen P., G. Nagarajan and S. Janagiraman

23 Ethical and Technological Convergence: AI and Blockchain in Halal Healthcare 451
md Mahfujur Rahman

Index 467