The OPEN Process Framework

 Donald Firesmith is President of Firesmith Consulting where he provides high-impact consulting and training in object development. He has worked exclusively with object technology since 1984. During this time, he has fulfilled many roles including director of data processing, technical project leader, requirements engineer, architect, designer, programmer, tester, process engineer, configuration manager, data manager, quality engineer, and trainer.  The author of five books on object technology, including Documenting a Complete Java Application using OPEN, he is internationally known as an object methodologist specializing in the areas of project management, requirements engineering, system and software architecting, and testing. For the last four years he has concentrated on web development including business and technical strategy, digital branding, and website architecting.  Brian Henderson-Sellers is Director of the Centre for Object Technology  Applications & Research and Professor of Information Systems at the University of Technology, Sydney. He is author of nine books on object technology and is well-known for his work in Object Oriented methodologies and metamodelling (MOSES, COMMA and OPEN) and in Object Oriented metrics. He was recently voted number 3 in the Who's Who of Object Technology (Handbook of Object Technology, 1999, Appendix N) and, in July 2001, was awarded a DSc by the University of London for his extensive and significant contributions to object-oriented methodologies.    

 Contents  Preface xi  Part I Introduction  1  1 Processes and Process Frameworks  3  1.1 Processes in Information Technology 3  1.1.1 Software applications 4  1.1.2 Software-intensive systems 4  1.1.3 Business modeling 5  1.1.4 Component-based development (CBD) 5  1.1.5 Organizational scope 6  1.1.6 Stages in the life cycle 6  1.2 The need for process 7  1.3 What is a process? 10  1.4 From process to process framework 15  1.5 What is a process framework? 22  1.6 Specification for a process framework 26  1.6.1 Completeness 27  1.6.2 Flexibility 29  1.6.3 Rigor 30  1.6.4 Object orientation 30  1.6.5 Component-based development (CBD) 33  Summary 33  2 OPEN Process Framework Overview  37  2.1 OPEN 37  2.2 The OPEN Process Framework 43  2.2.1 Work Products 44  2.2.2 Producers 50  2.2.3 Endeavors 52  2.2.4 Work Units 52  2.2.5 Stages 55  2.2.6 Languages 58  2.3 Framework usage 59  2.4 OPEN compliance 61  Summary 61     Part II Process Components and Usage
Guidelines  63  3 Work Products  65  3.1 Classes of Work Products 65  3.1.1 Applications 66  3.1.2 Architectures 66  3.1.3 Components 68  3.1.4 Metrics 68  3.1.5 Models 69  3.1.6 Increments 71  3.1.7 Requirements 71  3.1.8 Diagrams 72  3.1.9 Documents 74  3.2 Management Set of Work Products 74  3.3 Engineering Work Products 76  Summary 83  4 Producers  85  4.1 Direct Producers 85  4.1.1 Person 85  4.1.2 Roles 85  4.1.3 Tools 91  4.2 Indirect Producers 91  4.2.1 Teams 91  4.2.2 Organizations 94  4.2.3 Endeavors 95  Summary 95  5 Work Units  97  5.1 Activities 98  5.2 Tasks 102  5.3 Techniques 108  5.4 Assertions 109  5.4.1 Pre-conditions 109  5.4.2 Post-conditions 109  5.4.3 Invariants 110  5.5 Work Performances 110 contents  # 5.5.1 Task Performances 110

 5.5.2 Work Flows 111  Summary 111  6 Stages  113  6.1 Cycles 113  6.1.1 Life Cycles 113  6.1.2 Development Cycles 114  6.1.3 Life Cycle Models 114  6.2 Phases 119  6.2.1 Initiation 119  6.2.2 Construction 119  6.2.3 Delivery 119  6.2.4 Usage 120  6.2.5 Retirement 120  6.3 Builds 120  6.4 Milestones 120  6.4.1 Management Milestones 120  6.4.2 Technical Milestones 121  6.5 A Typical Life Cycle Configuration 121  6.6 Timeboxes 122  6.7 Relationship of Stages to Work Units 122  Summary 124  7 Languages  125  7.1 Introduction 125  7.2 Natural Languages 125  7.3 Modeling Languages 127  7.3.1 Metamodel 127  7.3.2 Constraint Language 128  7.3.3 Notation 129  7.3.4 Example Modeling Languages 130  7.4 Implementation Languages 131  7.4.1 Coding Languages 131  7.4.2 Database Languages 132  7.4.3 Interface Languages 133  Summary 133  #  contentscontents  # E Work Units  241  Activities 241  Project Management 241  Project Initiation 242  Project Planning 243  Configuration Management 243  Risk Management 243  Metrics Engineering 244  Quality Engineering 245  Process Engineering 245  Environment Engineering 246  Website Development 247  Requirements Engineering 249  Architecting 250  Design 251  Component Selection 252  Build 253  Implementation 253  Integration 254  Evaluation 255  Testing 256  Deployment 257  Business Engineering 259  Reuse Engineering 260  Programme Management 261  Resource Planning 261  Training 262  Organization Assessment 263  Pre