Beginning Digital Image Processing (eBook)

Sebastian Montabone is a computer engineer with a master of science degree in computer vision. After publishing his thesis about human detection in unconstrained environments, he has worked in different areas such as intelligent IP cameras for automated surveillance, data mining, game development, and embedded devices. Currently, he is a software consultant and entrepreneur.

Title Page 1
Copyright Page 2
Contents at a Glance 4
Table of Contents 5
About the Author 12
About the Technical Reviewer 13
Acknowledgments 14
Introduction 15
CHAPTER 1 Digital Photography 16
Light and Photography 17
Digital Camera 20
Lens 21
Viewfinder or LCD Screen 22
Sensor 24
Storage 24
Controls 25
Creating a Photograph 26
Composition 26
Field of View 27
Composition Rules 37
Exposure 38
Shutter Speed 39
Aperture 41
Sensitivity 43
Post-Processing 44
Summary 45
CHAPTER 2 Digital Images 46
Vector Images vs. Raster Images 46
Resolution 47
Resolution for Computer Displays 47
Resolution for Printing 50
Aspect Ratio 51
Color 53
Color Depth 54
Color Spaces 55
RGB 55
CMYK 57
HSV 58
YUV 58
Lab 59
File Formats 59
JPG 59
GIF 59
PNG 60
TIFF 60
OpenEXR 60
Which Format Should You Use? 60
Starting to Use the Tools 61
Changing File Formats with Gimp 61
Changing File Formats with ImageMagick 62
Summary 62
CHAPTER 3 Geometric Transforms 63
Resizing 63
Resizing Methods 64
Resizing with Gimp 65
Resizing with ImageMagick 67
Resizing Print Size 68
Changing the Print Size with Gimp 68
Changing the Print Size with ImageMagick 69
Cropping 69
Cropping with Gimp 73
Cropping with ImageMagick 77
Rotating 77
Rotating with Gimp 77
Rotating with ImageMagick 83
Flipping 83
Flipping with Gimp 84
Flipping with ImageMagick 84
Summary 84
CHAPTER 4 Color Transforms 85
White Balance 85
Adjusting White Balance with Gimp 87
Adjusting Color Balance with Gimp 90
Brightness and Contrast 91
Hue and Saturation 95
Grayscale 99
Curves 99
Summary 110
CHAPTER 5 Filters 111
Selecting a Region 111
Rectangle Select 112
Ellipse Select Tool 113
Free Select Tool 114
Fuzzy Select Tool 115
Select By Color 116
Intelligent Scissors Select Tool 117
Adding and Removing Regions 118
Editing the Selection 118
Blur 119
Simple Blur 119
Gaussian Blur 120
Motion Blur 123
Pixelize 125
Sharpness 127
Sharpen 127
Unsharp Mask 127
Noise Reduction 131
Artistic Filters 133
Old Photo 133
Softglow 134
Summary 135
CHAPTER 6 Photo Retouching 136
Red-Eye Removal 136
Object Removal 139
Removing Objects with Gimp 140
Removing Objects with the Clone Tool 146
Removing Small Objects with the Healing Tool 149
Selective Colorization 150
Metadata 156
ExifTool 157
Reading Metadata 157
Modifying Metadata 160
Organizing Files Using Metadata 161
Summary 162
CHAPTER 7 HDR Imaging 163
Generating an HDR Image 165
Generating an HDR Image from One RAW File 165
Demosaicing with UFRaw 166
Adjusting White Balance with UFRaw 167
Generating an HDR Image from Multiple Pictures 169
Generating the HDR Image with Qtpfsgui 172
Tone Mapping 177
Tone Mapping with Qtpfsgui 177
Mantiuk 179
Fattal 181
Drago 183
Durand 185
Reinhard ’02 187
Reinhard ’05 189
Ashikhmin 191
Pattanaik 193
Summary 195
CHAPTER 8 Distortion Correction 196
Lens Distortion Correction 196
Radial Distortion 196
Barrel Distortion 196
Pincushion Distortion 197
Vignetting 198
Lens Distortion Correction with Gimp 199
Perspective Distortion Correction 205
Perspective Distortion Correction Using Gimp 207
Correcting Perspective Distortions with Shear 212
Summary 215
CHAPTER 9 Panorama Photo Stitching 216
Capturing a Panorama 216
Image Projections 219
Creating Panoramas With Hugin 220
Regular Crop 226
Crop With Filling 227
Creating More Complex Panoramas 228
Other Projections 232
Creating a Metal Sphere With Hugin 233
Creating a Little Planet With Hugin 233
Creating a Little Planet With Gimp 234
Hugin Options 236
Summary 245
CHAPTER 10 Movie Editing 246
User Interface 246
Frame Selection and Playback Options 246
Codecs and Video Formats 249
Frame Rate 250
Saving Your Project 251
Filters 251
Transform Filters 252
Color Filters 259
More Filters 261
Summary 262
CHAPTER 11 Canon Hack Development Kit 263
Installation 264
Creating the Files in Microsoft Windows 264
Creating the Files in Ubuntu 266
Asking the Camera for Its Firmware Version 266
Shooting in RAW 268
Using Zebra Mode 269
Displaying Grids 271
Changing the Exposure time 272
Bracketing mode 273
Games and More 276
Running Scripts 280
Summary 283
APPENDI X Installing the Tools 285
GIMP 285
Installing GIMP in Microsoft Windows 285
Installing GIMP in Ubuntu 285
UFRaw 285
Installing UFRaw in Microsoft Windows 285
Installing UFRaw in Ubuntu 286
Resyntheziser 286
Installing Resyntheziser in Microsoft Windows 286
Installing Resyntheziser in Ubuntu 288
Imagemagick 288
Installing Imagemagick in Microsoft Windows 288
Installing Imagemagick in Ubuntu 289
Hugin 289
Installing Hugin in Microsoft Windows 289
Installing Hugin in Ubuntu 289
Qtpfsgui 289
Installing Qtpfsgui in Microsoft Windows 289
Installing Qtpfsgui in Ubuntu 290
Avidemux 290
Installing Avidemux in Microsoft Windows 290
Installing Avidemux in Ubuntu 290
ExifTool 290
Installing ExifTool in Microsoft Windows 290
Installing ExifTool in Ubuntu 291
Index 292