Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning (eBook)

Volume editor William R. King is the University Professor of Business Administration at the Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business and College of Business Administration, University of Pittsburgh.  He was the founding president of the Association for Information Systems (AIS) and a past president of The Institute of Management Sciences (TIMS) (1989–90), an international professional society with 8,000 members, which he guided to merge with the Operations Research Society of America to form INFORMS. He has twice served as chair of ICIS—the annual International Conference on Information Systems (1988; 2005), has served as editor-in-chief of the Management Information Systems Quarterly, the primary journal in the field of information systems, and was the key figure in the founding of a new journal, Information Systems Research.

Table of Contents 6
Preface 8
Contributors 9
Basic Concepts of Knowledge Management 12
Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning 13
1 The Basics of Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning 13
2 Organizational Learning 15
3 Knowledge Management in Organizations 16
4 The Future of KM 20
5 Conclusion 21
References 22
Knowledge Management or the Management of Knowledge? 24
1 Introduction 24
2 What is Knowledge? 25
3 Knowledge Management 27
4 The Management of Knowledge 28
5 Information and Communication Technology 32
6 Conclusion 32
References 33
From Tacit Knowledge to Organizational Knowledge for Successful KM 35
1 Introduction 35
2 Knowledge Management Concepts 36
3 Proposed Model 39
4 Discussion 45
5 Conclusion 46
References 46
Organizational Routines as Mechanisms for Knowledge Creation, Utilization, and Storage 48
1 Introduction 48
2 The Nature of Routines in Organizations 49
3 Managing Organizational Routines 55
4 Conclusion 63
References 64
Toward a Maturity Model for Knowledge Management Systems Integration 66
1 Introduction 66
2 Background 67
3 The Target Organization and Development Stages 71
4 Knowledge Management Systems Integration Maturity Model ( KMSI- MM) 74
5 Related Work 79
6 Discussion 81
7 Future Research 82
8 Conclusions 82
References 83
Knowledge Management Issues 86
Knowledge Diffusion in Contemporary R& D Groups: Re- examining the Role of the Technological Gatekeeper
1 Introduction 87
2 The Technological Gatekeeper Defined 88
3 The Impact of ICT on the Gatekeeping Processes 90
4 Research Setting and Methods 93
5 Findings 94
6 Discussion 96
7 Conclusion 98
References 99
Managing Asymmetries in Transferring Tacit Knowledge 101
1 Introduction 101
2 What is Tacit Knowledge? 102
3 Dimensions of “Ease of Transfer” and “Motivation to Transfer” 103
4 Practical Orientations in Managing Tacit Knowledge Transfer 107
5 Conclusion: Implications for Practitioners and Academics 113
References 113
Information Technology as an Enabler of Knowledge Management: An Empirical Analysis 116
1 Introduction 116
2 Knowledge Management 117
3 IT Competency 118
4 Theoretical Model and Hypotheses 119
5 Methodology 121
6 Analysis and Results 123
7 Discussion 128
8 Conclusions, Limitations, and Future Lines of Research 129
9 Appendix: Measurement Scale Items 130
References 131
Knowledge Management in Business Intelligence 135
1 Introduction 135
2 KM & BI Background
3 The BI Product 137
4 KM and BI: Knowledge Creation and Organizational Learning 138
5 Knowledge Transfer: Sharing BI in the Enterprise 140
6 BI, Culture, and Sensemaking 142
7 Integrating BI and KM: Knowledge Exchange Protocols 143
8 Conclusion 145
References 146
Antecedents of Procedural Governance in Knowledge- Sharing Alliances 148
1 Introduction 148
2 Sharing Knowledge: Creating Value Through Alliances 150
3 The Importance of Procedural Governance for Knowledge Sharing 152
4 Antecedents of Procedural Governance 155
5 Conclusion: The Interaction of Organizational and Individual Level Antecedents 159
References 161
Enterprise-Wide Management of Intellectual Property 165
1 Introduction 165
2 IP and Global Forces 166
3 IP Roles in Enterprises and Economies 166
4 IP and Patent Law 167
5 IP’s Legal Definition 168
6 Intellectual Property and “Ordinary Inventions” 168
7 Creativity 169
8 Information Technology and Intellectual Property 170
9 Fostering Creativity in an Enterprise 171
10 Implementing Enterprise-Wide IP Architecture 172
11 Enterprise Creation of IP 173
12 IP and Unique Knowledge Procedures 174
13 IP Integration and Risks 174
14 IP as a Profit Center 175
15 Setting Strategic IP Objectives 176
16 Conclusion 177
References 177
Knowledge Management Applications 180
Virtual Worlds as Platforms for Communities of Practice 181
1 Introduction 181
2 Virtual Worlds: Characteristics and Affordances 182
3 Communities of Practice 188
4 Virtual Worlds as Platforms for Communities of Practice 190
5 Discussion 191
References 193
Open Innovation Through Online Communities 198
1 Introduction 198
2 End User Innovation 200
3 Generating Value from User Innovation Communities 205
4 Following the Leaders 206
5 Questions for MIS Researchers 208
6 Conclusion 210
References 211
Knowledge Networking to Overcome the Digital Divide 213
1 Introduction 213
2 Knowledge Networking 214
3 Overcoming the Digital Divide 216
4 Methodology 220
5 Results and Analysis 221
6 Knowledge Activation 221
7 Information Literacy 222
8 Knowledge Networking of Talent Pools 223
9 Knowledge Networking for Development 225
10 A Knowledge Networking Model 228
11 Implications for Knowledge Networking 229
12 Conclusions 230
References 230
Measurement and Evaluation in KM and OL 233
Evaluating KMS Effectiveness for Decision Support: Preliminary Results 234
1 Introduction 234
2 Literature Review 235
3 KMS Description 236
4 KMS Evaluation 239
5 Results and Discussion 241
6 Conclusion 245
References 246
Valuing Knowledge Within Virtual CoPs: The Quest for Meaningful Indicators 249
1 Introduction 249
2 Knowledge and Learning Within CoPs 250
3 Challenging Knowledge Value Measurement Issues 251
4 Towards a Knowledge Value Model for Virtual CoPs 252
5 The Potential Value of Knowledge 255
6 The Effective Value of Knowledge 262
7 The Value of the Knowledge Base 265
8 Adjustments for Knowledge Measures 269
9 Discussion 271
10 Conclusion 272
References 272
Organizational Knowledge, Cognitively Plausible Actors, and Multi- Actor Systems 274
1 Introduction and Research Questions 275
2 Issues in Organizational Knowledge and Knowledge Management 276
3 Information, Knowledge, Cognition, and Human Actors 281
4 Knowledge Carriers, Various Kinds of Actors, and Coordination Mechanisms 283
5 Conclusions and Future Directions 291
References 292
”Organizational Learning” 295
On Using Organizational Knowledge Capabilities to Assist Organizational Learning 296
1 Introduction 296
2 Research Background 297
3 Conceptual Framework and Development of Research Propositions 302
4 Summary and Recommendations for Further Study 308
Reference 310
Organizational Learning and Performance in Two National Cultures: A Multi- group Structural Equation Modeling Approach 313
1 Introduction 313
2 Theoretical Framework 315
3 Research Hypotheses and Model 318
4 Method 323
5 Results 329
6 Discussion 349
7 Conclusion and Implications 351
Appendix A: Country profiles 352
References 353
Sustainability, Learning, Adaptation, and Knowledge Processing 360
1 Introduction 360
2 A Framework for Dynamics, Sustainability, Knowledge, and Innovation 361
3 Knowledge Management: Making Adaptation and Sustainability Operational 365
4 Change, Sustainability, Adaptation, and Social Capital in Organizations 367
5 Conclusions and Future Directions 372
References 374
Index 376