Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory 
4 
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Chapter 1. The Formation of Ethnographic Collections: The Smithsonian Institution in the American Southwest 10
INTRODUCTION 10
PRINCIPLES OF MUSEUM COLLECTING 14
COLLECTING AT THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 17
WHY THE COLLECTIONS WERE MADE 27
EFFECTS ON NATIVE MATERIAL CULTURE INVENTORIES 40
CONCLUSION 41
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 44
APPENDIX: ACCESSIONED OBJECTS COLLECTED BY SELECTED BAE EXPEDITIONS, 1879-1904 44
REFERENCES 50
Chapter 2. Colonization of Islands by Humans: A Biogeographical Perspective 58
INTRODUCTION 58
THE WORLDWIDE HISTORY OF ISLAND COLONIZATION BY HUMANS 61
ISLAND GEOMETRICAL PROPERTIES RELEVANT TO COLONIZATION 67
COLONIZATION: ACCIDENTAL OR PURPOSEFUL? 75
COMPETITION 79
THE PHASES OF A COLONIZATION 83
ARCHAEOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PRINCIPLES 89
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 92
REFERENCES 92
Chapter 3. Shellfish Gathering and Shell Midden Archaeology 102
INTRODUCTION 102
SHELLFISH GATHERING IN PRACTICE AND THEORY 104
MOLLUSCAN EXPLOITATIVE STRATEGIES 126
ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AND INTERPRETATION OF SHELL MIDDENS 147
SHELL MIDDEN ZOOARCHAEOLOGY 162
CONCLUSIONS 179
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 180
REFERENCES 180
Chapter 4. Formation Processes of the Archaeobotanical Record 220
INTRODUCTION 220
PRESERVATION ENVIRONMENTS 222
PRESERVATION BY CARBONIZATION 228
APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING DIFFERENTIAL PRESERVATION 230
CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ARCHAEOBOTANICAL RECORD 233
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES 239
ANALYTICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE DATA BASE 244
CLOSING THOUGHTS 248
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 249
REFERENCES 249
Chapter 5. Archaeofaunas and Butchery Studies: A Taphonomic Perspective 258
INTRODUCTION 258
EARLY ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND GOALS 263
IDENTIFYING TAPHONOMIC AGENTS 267
BUTCHERING PATTERNS 296
A TAPHONOMIC APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF BUTCHERING 298
AN EXAMPLE 316
THOUGHTS ON THE FUTURE 327
CLOSING REMARKS 329
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 330
APPENDIX: Paradigmatic Classification off Faunal Processing Marks 331
REFERENCES 336
Chapter 6. Bioarchaeological Interpretations of Subsistence Economy and Behavior from Human Skeletal Remains 348
INTRODUCTION 348
HEALTH AND DISEASE IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL PAST 355
ACTIVITY PATTERNS IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL PAST 395
CHANGING DIRECTIONS IN BIOARCHAEOLOGY 418
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 420
REFERENCES 421
Index 456