Forensic Facial Identification – Theory and Practice of Identification from Eyewitnesses, Composites and CCTV

Tim Valentine is Professor of Psychology at Goldsmiths, University of London. He received his PhD from the University of Nottingham and previously held academic posts at the Universities of Manchester and Durham. He is the author of more than 80 journal articles and book chapters on face recognition and eyewitness identification, and is co-editor of The Handbook of Psychology of Investigative Interviewing (Wiley-Blackwell, 2009) and Cognitive and Computational Aspects of Face Recognition (1995), as well as the co-author of The Cognitive Psychology of Proper Names (1996). He has also provided advice to the courts in many prominent criminal cases. Josh P. Davis is Senior Lecturer in the Psychology and Counseling Department at the University of Greenwich, London. He received his PhD in Psychology from Goldsmiths, University of London. He has published many journal articles and book chapters on topics associated with face recognition and eyewitness identification.

Contributors vii Foreword by Elizabeth F. Loftus xi Series Preface xv Part 1 Introduction 1 1 Identification and Surveillance of Facial Images: Progress and Problems 3 Tim Valentine and Josh P. Davis Part 2 Searching for Suspects and the Identification of Victims 15 2 Interviewing for Face Identification 17 Fiona Gabbert and Charity Brown 3 Facial Composites and Techniques to Improve Image Recognizability 43 Charlie Frowd 4 Searching for Suspects: Mugshot Files and Showups (Street Identifications) 71 Victoria Z. Lawson and Jennifer E. Dysart 5 Craniofacial Analysis and Identification 93 Caroline Wilkinson Part 3 Identification by Eyewitnesses 127 6 Lineup Composition and Lineup Fairness 129 Steven E. Clark, Molly B. Moreland, and Ryan A. Rush 7 Estimator Variables and Memory for Faces 159 Hannah Ryder, Harriet Smith, and Heather D. Flowe 8 Confidence and Accuracy of Eyewitness Identification 185 James D. Sauer and Neil Brewer Part 4 Identification from CCTV Images 209 9 Human Verification of Identity from Photographic Images 211 Josh P. Davis and Tim Valentine 10 Expert Analysis: Facial Image Comparison 239 Gary Edmond, Josh P. Davis, and Tim Valentine 11 Evaluating Automatic Face Recognition Systems with Human Benchmarks 263 Alice O Toole and P. Jonathon Phillips Part 5 Implications for Criminal Justice 285 12 Eyewitness Identification and Facial Image Comparison Evidence in Common Law Jurisdictions 287 Andrew Roberts 13 Forensic Facial Identification: A Practical Guide to Best Practice 323 Tim Valentine and Josh P. Davis Index 000