Essentials of Specific Learning Disability Identification

DAWN P. FLANAGAN, PhD, is Professor of Psychology and Director of the School Psychology Training Programs at St. John's University in Jamaica, New York, and Clinical Assistant Professor at the Yale Child Study Center, School of Medicine. She is the coauthor of several popular books in the Essentials series, including Essentials of WISC-IV Assessment, Second Edition, published by Wiley. VINCENT C. ALFONSO, PhD, is Professor and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs in the Graduate School of Education at Fordham University, New York, New York. He is coauthor with Dawn Flanagan of Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment and The Achievement Test Desk Reference: A Guide to Learning Disability Identification, now both in their second editions and published by Wiley.

Foreword xiii Series Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix One Overview of Specific Learning Disabilities 1 Marlene Sotelo-Dynega, Dawn P. Flanagan, and Vincent C. Alfonso Two How SLD Manifests in Reading 21 Steven Feifer Three How SLD Manifests in Mathematics 43 David C. Geary, Mary K. Hoard, and Drew H. Bailey Four How SLD Manifests in Writing 65 Nancy Mather and Barbara J. Wendling Five How SLD Manifests in Oral Expression and Listening Comprehension 89 Elisabeth H. Wiig Six A Response to Intervention (RTI) Approach to SLD Identification 115 Jack M. Fletcher, Amy E. Barth, and Karla K. Stuebing Seven The Discrepancy/Consistency Approach to SLD Identification Using the PASS Theory 145 Jack A. Naglieri Eight RTI and Cognitive Hypothesis Testing for Identification and Intervention of Specific Learning Disabilities: The Best of Both Worlds 173 James B. Hale, Kirby L. Wycoff, and Catherine A. Fiorello Nine Evidence-Based Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Reading Disabilities With and Without Comorbidities in Oral Language, Writing, and Math: Prevention, Problem-Solving Consultation, and Specialized Instruction 203 Virginia W. Berninger Ten A CHC-based Operational Definition of SLD: Integrating Multiple Data Sources and Multiple Data-Gathering Methods 233 Dawn P. Flanagan, Vincent C. Alfonso, and Jennifer T. Mascolo Eleven Separating Cultural and Linguistic Differences (CLD) From Specific Learning Disability (SLD) in the Evaluation of Diverse Students: Difference or Disorder? 299 Samuel O. Ortiz References 327 Annotated Bibliography 371 About the Editors 375 About the Contributors 377 Author Index 379 Subject Index 397