European Cities in Dynamic Competition (eBook)

Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Horst Albach, Professor Emeritus, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Heribert Meffert, Professor Emeritus and Director Emeritus of the Marketing Center Münster at the University of Münster, Prof. Dr. Andreas Pinkwart, Holder of the Stiftungsfonds Deutsche Bank Chair of Innovation Management and Entrepreneurship at HHL, and Prof. Dr. Prof. h.c. Dr. h.c. Ralf Reichwald, Professor Emeritus of Excellence, Technische Universität München, and Academic Director of the Center for Leading Innovation & Cooperation (CLIC) at HHL, are the founders and former academic directors (2012-2016) of the Center for Advanced Studies in Management (CASiM), an interdisciplinary research center of HHL Leipzig Graduate School of Management devoted to key research topics of business administration for the 21st century. Dr. Łukasz Świątczak has been the Executive Director of the Center since 2013. 

Preface 5
Contents 7
About the Editors 9
Introduction 12
1 Knowledge Management and the City 12
2 European Cities in Global Competition 13
2.1 Information, Innovation, and New Technologies 13
2.2 Regional Economics and Spatial Economics 13
2.3 Cities and Direct Democracy 14
2.4 Success Factors in Global Competition 14
2.5 Complementarity Between Region and City 15
2.6 Cost Efficiency in City Management 16
Part I European Cities in Global Competition 17
Dynamic Competition in Space: Theoretical Models, Empirical Evidence, Political Challenges 18
1 Theoretical Models 18
2 Empirical Evidence 20
3 Political Challenges 22
3.1 Promoting Educational Excellence 22
3.2 Enhancing Innovative Capacities 23
3.3 Reforming Regional Policies 24
References 25
Increasing the Innovative Capacity of European Cities: Making Use of Proven Concepts from the National Level 27
1 Introduction 28
2 Theoretical Foundation: About Innovation Systems and Cities 29
2.1 The Purpose of Innovation Systems Research 30
2.2 Regional Innovation Systems 30
2.3 Local Innovation Systems 32
2.4 Cities 33
3 Making Use of Proven Concepts from the National Level 34
3.1 Framework: Underpinnings of the Proposition 35
3.2 Method and Data: The Search for Appropriate Determinants 37
4 Results 39
4.1 Discussion and Implications 40
4.2 Limitations and Future Research 41
5 Conclusions from a Mayor's Perspective 42
Appendix 42
References 57
Part II City Management and Direct Democracy 62
Open Government: Exploring Patterns of Mobile Interaction Between Citizens and Local Government 63
1 Introduction 64
2 Open Government and Citizen Innovators 65
2.1 The Evolution of Open Government 65
2.2 The Role of Technology in Citizen-Government Interaction 66
3 Mobile Government: The Case of Infrastructural Online Participation 67
4 Mobile Government Use 69
4.1 Users of Mobile Government 70
4.2 Reasons for Participating in Mobile Government 70
4.3 Activity in Mobile Government 70
4.4 Reinforcement and Mobilization 71
4.5 Mobile Government as Perceived by Users 72
5 Discussion and Future Research 73
5.1 Discussion 73
5.2 Limitations and Future Research 75
6 Conclusion 76
References 76
Building the Smart City: Leipzig 79
1 Smart City: State of Research 80
1.1 Definitions and Elements of a Smart City 80
1.2 Protagonists 82
2 Leipzig: A Dynamic Growing City in Central Germany 84
2.1 Current Developments 84
2.2 Leipzig: Existing Urban Development and Smart City Strategies and Projects 85
2.2.1 Integrated Urban Development Concept (INSEK) Leipzig 2030 85
2.2.2 Existing Smart City Strategies and Measures 85
2.3 Projects of the Smart City Leipzig 86
2.3.1 HORIZON 2020 Smart Cities and Communities Project TRIANGULUM 86
2.3.2 Smart City Test Lab Leipzig West 87
3 The Leipzig Smart City Approach and Participation Process 88
3.1 Smart City Working Structures Within the Municipality 88
3.2 Participation Process 89
3.2.1 Future Forum 90
3.2.2 Future Expert Labs 91
3.2.3 Participation Process in the District 91
3.3 Key Findings of the Participation Process in the City of Leipzig 92
3.3.1 Smart City Definition 93
3.3.2 Challenges of Developing Smart City Pilot Projects 94
3.3.3 HORIZON 2020 Lighthouse Proposal: InnoLEVER 95
4 Conclusion 95
References 96
Location Communication in Leipzig and Thoughts About Destination Management 98
1 Mood in Leipzig in 1989/1990 98
2 Can Leipzig Still Be Saved? 99
3 Situation of the Economy in East Germany and Leipzig 100
4 Glimmers of Hope 101
5 Project Organization, Quantitative Surveys and Agency Briefing 101
6 LEIPZIG KOMMT! Location Campaign 104
7 Exchanging Experiences as a Discovery Procedure 105
8 Real Estate Ownership: The Knots Unravel 106
9 Efficiency of the Campaign 107
10 The Bridge From “LEIPZIG KOMMT!” to “Leipziger Freiheit” 109
11 Sustainability in City and Destination Management 109
12 Conclusion 113
References 113
Part III Success Factors in Global Competition Among Cities 115
Key Factors for Successful City Marketing: An Example fromMünster 116
1 Clearly State What You Want to Achieve 117
2 The “Comparative Competitive Advantage” or Leitmotif of the City 117
3 There Is No Way to Force a Willingness 118
4 The Rising Importance of Integrated City Marketing in Times of Digital Disruption 118
5 Best Practice Example of Münster: How We Translated Our City Claim into Real City Life 119
6 Münster: City of Science 120
7 Participation as a Key Factor for Success 121
8 Developing a Brand and a Future From the Inside 121
9 Looking Ahead: City Marketing as an Agency of the Future 122
References 123
Strategies for Cities in Global Competition: An Essay on Spatial Economics and Management Science 125
1 Introduction 125
2 The History of Spatial Economics 126
3 The Present Situation of German Cities 130
3.1 The City of Bonn 130
3.1.1 The Legal Structure of Bonn 130
3.1.2 The Financial Structure of Bonn 131
3.2 The City of Trier 133
3.2.1 The Legal Structure of Trier 133
3.2.2 The Financial Structure of Trier 134
4 Management Science Tools for Cities 137
4.1 Introductory Remarks 137
4.1.1 Autonomy 137
4.1.2 Financial Equilibrium 137
4.1.3 Efficiency 139
4.1.4 Governance 139
4.1.5 Culture of Trust 140
4.2 A Strategy for the City of Bonn 140
4.2.1 Mission 141
4.2.2 Competition and Cooperation 142
4.2.3 Risk and Uncertainty 143
4.2.4 Decisions 144
4.3 A Mission for Trier 145
4.3.1 Mission 146
4.3.2 Competitor 146
4.3.3 Partner 146
5 Comparative Analysis of Foreign Cities: Chicago and Tokyo 146
5.1 City Management of Chicago 146
5.1.1 Introduction 146
5.1.2 The Legal Structure of Chicago 147
5.1.3 The Financial Structure of Chicago 149
5.1.4 The Universities 150
5.1.5 The Population 150
5.2 The City Management of Tokyo 151
5.2.1 The Legal Structure of Tokyo 151
6 Conclusion 157
References 158
Part IV Complementarity Between Region and City 161
The Significance of the Region for Urban Growth: The Example of Bonn and the Rhein-Sieg District 162
1 Growth of Cities: Causes and Perspectives 163
2 The Development of Major Cities in Germany: Suburbanization and Reurbanization 165
3 The Significance of the Region for Urban Growth 168
3.1 The Region as a Residential Location 169
3.2 The Region as a Business Location 170
3.3 The Region as an International Location: The Concept of the Metropolitan Area 172
4 The Example of Bonn and the Rhein-Sieg District 174
4.1 Challenges of the “Double” Structural Change 174
4.2 Structural-Political Measures and the Development Since the Decision to Move the Governmental Seat 175
4.2.1 Population and Residential Market 175
4.2.2 The Economy and Labor Market 178
4.2.3 Education, Science and Research 181
4.3 Conclusion 182
5 Outlook 183
References 183
The Digital City: Using the Example of “Mönchengladbach on eBay” 187
1 “Online Versus Offline”: Baseline Scenario 187
1.1 Development and Prospects of Online Retail 188
1.2 Impact on Bricks and Mortar Retail 189
1.3 Impact on Cities and Municipalities 190
2 “Online with Offline”: The Digital Inner City as a Solution Approach 194
2.1 MG.Retail2020 Project as Jump Start 195
2.2 Analysis of Results and Guidelines from MG.Retail2020 199
2.3 Marketplace Linkage for Local Retailers 203
2.4 “Mönchengladbach on eBay” as Recommendation for Action 204
3 Results and Success Factors of “MG on eBay” 206
References 209
Part V Cost Efficiency in City Management 212
A Mechanism Design Approach to Planning Problems in Intermodal Transport Logistics of Large City Sea Portsand Megahubs 213
1 Introduction 213
1.1 Challenges and Perspectives in Intermodal Transport Logistics 214
1.2 An Exemplary Problem Setting 215
1.3 Article Overview 216
2 Preliminaries and Notation 216
3 Minimizing the Total Weighted Completion Time 218
3.1 Monotonicity and List-Scheduling Algorithms 219
3.2 Multiple Parallel Machines 222
3.3 One Machine 223
4 Summary 225
References 225